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MindMap Gallery Introduction and essence interpretation of Lifelong Growth

Introduction and essence interpretation of Lifelong Growth

This is a psychological inspirational work that has influenced a generation of Americans, and has been cited countless times as a perspective on success. The American psychology bestseller has been on the list for 10 years. It has been praised by Time Magazine, Good Morning America, and the Wall Street Journal, and recommended by Bill Gates.

Edited at 2021-01-13 15:28:41

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Introduction and essence interpretation of Lifelong Growth

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Outline

About the Author

[US] Carol Dweck A researcher in the fields of personality psychology, social psychology and developmental psychology, he is the William Ransford Professor of Psychology at Columbia University and Professor of Behavioral Psychology at Stanford University. His research results have been widely praised, and his book "Self Theory: The Role of Motivation, Personality and Development" was selected as the best book of the year by the World Education Association.

Table of contents

1. Two modes of thinking of people 2. The difference between the two modes of thinking 3. The truth about ability and achievement 4. Reflection of thinking patterns in different fields 5. Cultivate a growth mindset

1. Two modes of thinking of people

1. Fixed mindset

Believe that people's talents are immutable. This makes people constantly want to prove their intelligence, personality and characteristics. They will use what happens as a direct measure of ability and worth.

2. Growth mindset

Believe that people's abilities can be cultivated through hard work. Although people have different innate talents, qualifications, and personalities, they can all be changed through hard work and experience.

2. The difference between the two modes of thinking

1. The accuracy of self-evaluation is different.

People with a fixed mindset have either good or bad assessments of their abilities, so distortions are inevitable. Some of their assessments are exaggerated and some are vague. People with a growth mindset believe that abilities can be developed, so they can evaluate their current level with an open mind. At the same time, since learning is the goal, they also need to have an accurate assessment of their current level. Only in this way can we learn and grow better.

2. View success differently

People with a fixed mindset want to ensure their success. They believe that smart people should always be successful. This makes them try their best to cover up their shortcomings, and eventually they become people who don't like to learn. For those with a growth mindset, success means expanding your capabilities. And this requires continuous learning to achieve.

3. View failure differently

To a person with a fixed mindset, if he fails at something, he becomes a loser. Here, their failure transforms from an act into an identity. According to a growth mindset person, even though failure is painful, it does not define you. It's just a problem that needs to be faced and solved. Moreover, we can learn and benefit from it. As the first book interpreted this year, "Antifragility" says, benefit from failures and setbacks and make yourself stronger.

4. Different perspectives on effort

People with a fixed mindset believe that only incompetent people need to work hard. If you have to work hard at something, you're not good at it. People with a growth mindset believe that geniuses also need to work hard to succeed. They appreciate talent and value hard work.

5. Brain waves are different

At Columbia University's Brainwave Research Laboratory, people with two mindsets were tested. When they answered questions and received feedback, their brain waves showed different responses. People with a fixed mindset are only interested in feedback that reflects their level of ability. Their attention is focused on whether the answers are right or wrong, and they are not interested in information that helps them learn. People with a growth mindset are highly concerned with information that improves their knowledge. For them, learning is the first priority.

3. The truth about ability and achievement

1. Fixed mindset limits people’s achievements

People with a fixed mindset disdain hard work, do not pay attention to learning methods, and treat others as judges rather than companions. This will prevent them from achieving and growing.

2. Growth mindset helps people develop abilities and achieve achievements

People with a growth mindset can clarify goals, constantly optimize learning methods, and are willing to learn from peers. This will help them improve their abilities and achieve results. In terms of learning methods, students with a fixed mindset are like vacuum cleaners, trying to memorize everything. Students with a growth mindset focus on learning methods, are good at finding learning patterns, and can learn from their mistakes.

4. Reflection of thinking patterns in different fields

1. Sports: The mindset of a champion

In the sports world, many people believe in talent. They would say that so-and-so was born to be an athlete, and that's why he was able to achieve greatness. But this is not the case. Tiny Boggs, who is only 1.6 meters tall, plays in the NBA; one-armed baseball player Pete Gray enters the major leagues; Ben Hogan, whose posture is not coordinated, becomes one of the best golfers; Wei Erma Rudolph, known as "the fastest woman in the world," had one of her legs that was close to paralysis... These athletes broke the myth of genius with their outstanding performance. So what makes these ordinary, or even deficient, athletes successful? Related research shows: People with a growth mindset believe that success comes from learning, hard work and self-improvement. This is also what champion athletes have in common. People with a growth mindset believe that setbacks can give people motivation, experience and lessons to make you better. In the world of sports, those with a growth mindset take charge of their own process of becoming successful and maintaining success. In short, the champion mindset is a growth mindset that believes that success can be achieved through hard work.

2. Business: Mindset and Leadership

Leadership and Fixed Mindset

Leaders with a fixed mindset have a strong sense of self and only care about personal greatness. In terms of management, they have no intention of building an excellent team and stubbornly believe that genius does not need a good team. In terms of status, they want to be the only important person in the company so that they can highlight themselves as superior to others. In terms of performance, they are eager to show their superiority and even use subordinates to prove it. If they have nowhere to go within the team, it's easy to fall into the mindset of: What better proof of your greatness than for it to fall apart when you leave the company?

Leadership and Growth Mindset

American steel magnate Andrew Carnegie once said that he hoped his epitaph would be: The people who are buried here can recruit better talents than him. Leaders with a growth mindset live in a bright, inclusive and positive world. Whether they view themselves or others, they believe that people have potential for development. For them, running the company is not to highlight superiority, but to promote the growth of themselves, their employees and the entire enterprise. Leaders with a fixed mindset always seek to prove themselves and emphasize “I”, while leaders with a growth mindset place more emphasis on “we.”

3. Interpersonal relationships: people’s thinking patterns in getting along with each other

Thought patterns in love relationships

In a relationship, those with a growth mindset believe that everything can be cultivated. They believe that a healthy and long-lasting relationship between the sexes requires working together and working together. People with a fixed mindset believe that love is ideal, perfect and eternal harmony. Just like in fairy tales, everything is destined for the prince and princess to live a happy life. When two people get along, people with a fixed mindset have two main problems. First, they feel that if love requires effort, it means it does not belong to them. They hope that two people can be in tune with each other and have the same opinions, so that everything can happen automatically. They believe that it is unreliable for partners to support each other and solve problems together. Second, they believe that problems represent character flaws. When two people conflict, people with a fixed mindset tend to blame. Sometimes they blame themselves, but mostly they blame the other person for character flaws. They feel that these character flaws cannot be changed and the problems between the two cannot be resolved. For people with a growth mindset, even if they conflict, they still believe that their relationship is good.

Social thinking patterns

Jennifer Beale conducted a social study. Among hundreds of people, she first measured their thought patterns and assessed their shyness. Then observe how they get to know each other. Bill discovered that a fixed mindset prevents people from socializing. People with a fixed mindset are more likely to be shy socially. First, they care about the evaluation of others, so they are prone to anxiety and doubt themselves. Secondly, they are unwilling to interact with people who are better than themselves and are afraid that they will make mistakes in their interactions. People with a growth mindset may be socially shy, but will not be affected by it. They will get better at it quickly and interact well with others. People with a growth mindset view social interaction as a challenge and they embrace it. People with a fixed mindset are afraid of taking risks.

4. Education: thinking patterns and education

Parents’ thinking patterns in educating their children

Parents with a fixed mindset do not care about their children's interests and potential, and only require their children to achieve what they expect. Otherwise, the child seems to have lost its value in their eyes. Parents with a growth mindset will not only set a goal for their children, but also give them room to grow. They respect their children's interests, value their children's complete personality, and encourage them to live better lives in their own way. Parents with a fixed mindset may not know the harm and impact their education methods have on their children.

Teacher's thinking model of educating children

Teachers with a fixed mindset create a judgmental learning atmosphere. They will determine which students are smart and which are stupid based on their initial performance. Then, they easily give up on the "dumb" students. These teachers believe that "dumb" students are not their responsibility and that they cannot change their students' intellectual level. Teachers with a growth mindset create a trusting, judgment-free learning atmosphere. They focus on teaching students rather than judging them rigidly. They are committed to teaching students a love of learning, self-study and thinking. Even if a student's current level is insufficient, they will guide the student on how to bridge the gap.

5. Cultivate a growth mindset

1. How to teach a growth mindset to others

How to raise children has always been a hot topic in society. Cultivating children's growth mindset is crucial to their growth. So, how should parents or teachers cultivate a growth mindset in their children?

Learn how to praise

The way you praise your children will shape their thinking patterns. The right way to praise is not to praise children's abilities, but to pay attention to their learning process. It’s not about praising them for being smart, but it’s about recognizing their efforts. For example, praise like this: "Your progress shows that you work really hard. You review repeatedly, highlight key points, and take tests over and over again. Your method really works."

Correctly face children’s setbacks

It is not advisable for parents to act anxious when their children experience setbacks, appear preoccupied with their personal abilities, or try to cover up failures. These can easily cause children to form a fixed mindset. Parents should show interest in setbacks, guide their children to face and deal with them, and regard setbacks as good opportunities for learning.

Pay attention to children’s in-depth understanding of knowledge

In teaching, teachers need to pay attention to children's in-depth understanding of knowledge and avoid letting students memorize information by rote. Related research shows that if teachers help students gain a deeper understanding of knowledge, they will be more convinced that abilities can be developed.

2. Four steps to a growth mindset

Everyone has a mixture of a growth mindset and a fixed mindset. We don’t have to be ashamed of having a fixed mindset. We must first admit it, face it, and accept it.

observe

Second, we need to know what triggers our fixed mindset. When will it appear? For example, some people are faced with challenges, while others are frustrated in their efforts. You can think about it: What triggered your fixed mindset most recently? How did you feel at that time? What does it say to you? What decision did you make or take in the end? Observe your fixed mindset personality and determine why it occurs.

name

The third step is to give your fixed mindset personality a name. The name can be the same as someone in life, the title of a book, or the name of a movie character. Of course, it can also be a name you don't like and use it to remind yourself.

educate

Understand the causes of fixed mindset and its adverse effects. Next, we need to educate our fixed mindset personality. When it shows up and gets in your way, you have to learn to communicate with it. You need to explain to it why you are doing what you are doing and let it embark on the journey of action with you. It will appear again when you encounter setbacks and stress. At this time, you need to tell it how you plan to exercise and grow from setbacks. In fact, the fixed mindset is there to protect you and make you feel safe. But its method cannot do this. Therefore, use a growth mindset to communicate with it and educate it, and it will be able to support and help you.

Conclusion

Change is not easy. Some ideas, concepts, and cognitions have been running in our brains for many years. Change is painful, and we have to contend with our limitations, vulnerabilities, fears, and unknowns. But as the author said, change may be difficult, but no one has ever said it is not worth it. Besides, you and I are all people who have requirements for ourselves, right?