Plague is an infectious disease caused by Yersinia pestis infection

The pathogen is Yersinia pestis

Transmitted to humans primarily by rodent fleas

Divided into plague lymphadenitis, pneumonic plague and septicemic plague

Plague lymphadenitis is common in lymph node areas and can cause lymph node swelling and pain

Pneumonic plague is the most severe and contagious form of plague, with symptoms including high fever, cough and difficulty breathing

Septicemic plague manifests as high fever, general malaise, and poisoning symptoms

Clinical diagnosis mainly relies on medical history, symptoms and signs

Laboratory tests include culture of Yersinia pestis, plague serology, and genetic testing methods

Treatment of plague mainly includes antibiotic treatment and supportive care

Commonly used antibiotics include streptomycin, chloramphenicol, and quinolones

Supportive care includes measures such as intravenous fluid rehydration, antipyretic, analgesia, and respiratory support.

Isolation and prevention and control measures are an important part of plague care, including patient isolation, personal protection, and environmental disinfection.

Preventive measures mainly include personal protection, environmental cleaning and rodent control.

Personal protection measures include wearing masks, protective clothing, washing hands frequently, etc.

Environmental cleaning includes removing trash, disinfecting workplaces, and killing fleas, etc.

Rodent control measures include removal of breeding rodents and physical or chemical killing of fleas

Plague is mainly distributed in some developing countries and specific areas

Epidemiological characteristics include seasonal epidemics, geographical agglomeration, and rat-flea vector transmission.

Prevention and control strategies include enhanced surveillance, early reporting, isolation and full implementation of preventive measures

International cooperation and information sharing are very important for plague prevention and control