Ordinary hemodialysis mainly uses the principles of ultrafiltration and diffusion transport to remove substances harmful to health in the blood, such as urea, uric acid, creatinine and other small molecular substances, as well as excess water.

Advantages: One of the most commonly used dialysis methods in dialysis centers, it has a wide range of applications and strong stability. Note: Because the pore size of the dialyzer is relatively small, it is impossible to filter medium and large molecular substances with a molecular weight of >300kDa.

High-flux hemodialysis is still based on "dialysis". It is the same as ordinary dialysis, except that it uses a high-flux dialyzer. In addition to ultrafiltration and diffusion, the dialysis principle also adds the convection principle.

Advantages: By strengthening the effect of convection, large, medium and small molecules in the blood are removed. The removal amount is proportional to the molecular weight. The blood flow is high and the removal effect is good. Note: Not all dialysis patients are suitable for high-flux dialysis. Many patients will feel uncomfortable after high-flux dialysis. They need to follow the doctor's instructions for high-flux dialysis according to their own conditions.

Hemodialysis can be understood as a simple "penetration"; hemofiltration can also be understood as a simple "filtration", which is completely different from hemodialysis.

Hemofiltration mainly achieves the purpose of blood purification by "filtering" out a large amount of liquids, such as water, solutes, etc., and at the same time replenishing a large amount of electrolyte solutions consistent with the composition of the human body, commonly known as replacement fluids.

Advantages: Hemofiltration is more like imitating the principles of human glomerular filtration and renal tubular reabsorption. Compared with hemodialysis, hemofiltration has less impact on blood flow and has a high clearance rate for large and medium molecular substances. Note: The filtration of a large amount of replacement fluid can cause the loss of amino acids, proteins, growth hormones and other low-molecular hormones, which can easily lead to malnutrition. The removal of small molecule toxic substances is not as good as hemodialysis, especially the treatment of hyperkalemia is not as effective as hemodialysis. A simple way to distinguish between hemodialysis and hemofiltration: hemodialysis has one blood pump; hemofiltration has two blood pumps (one blood pump and one replacement fluid pump).

Hemodiafiltration is generally referred to as hemofiltration and is a combination of hemodialysis and hemofiltration.

Advantages: It has the advantages of both hemodialysis and hemofiltration modes. It can remove toxins through diffusion and convection, and effectively improves the removal of medium molecular substances, such as β2-microglobulin and some medium and large molecular substances. Myosin, glycosylation end products, protein oxides, etc., these substances will not be removed by ordinary dialysis.

After hemofiltration, the clearance rate of small molecules such as blood phosphorus, urea, and creatinine is also relatively high. In unit time (usually 4 hours), hemodiafiltration can remove more small and medium-sized molecules from the blood than single hemodialysis and hemofiltration, achieving better dialysis effects. Note: It is easy to lose nutrients in the human body and cause malnutrition, so the more hemofiltration is not the better, please make your choice according to the doctor's advice.

Hemoperfusion is to draw blood out of the body and absorb toxins, drugs, metabolites, etc. in the blood through the adsorbent in the perfusion device to achieve the purpose of blood purification.

Hemoperfusion is more suitable for situations such as drug poisoning and first aid. Perfusion will also take away a lot of nutrients, so attention should be paid to malnutrition.

Continuous renal replacement therapy is a broad term that refers to a "group" of extracorporeal blood purification treatment techniques. It is a general term for all continuous, slow removal of water and solute treatment methods. Traditional CRRT lasts for 24 hours a day, and currently the time is adjusted to more than 8 hours based on physical conditions.

Advantages: CRRT is slow dialysis for a long time, with stable blood flow, better for the heart, relatively high toxin clearance rate, and sufficient dialysis effect.

Disadvantages: The cost of dialysis is relatively high. Mainly used for rescue and treatment of patients with serious conditions.

Simple ultrafiltration is a dialysis method that only dehydrates water but does not remove toxins.

It is suitable for severe edema, refractory heart failure, acute and chronic pulmonary edema caused by various reasons. Use with caution in patients with severe hypotension, cardiac arrhythmia, and high risk of thrombotic diseases.

During peritoneal dialysis, you must pay attention to hygiene to prevent infection.