Nursing care of patients with hematological diseases

Nursing care of patients with blood system diseases, composition of hematopoietic organs: Hematopoietic organs and tissues include bone marrow, thymus, liver, spleen, lymph nodes, embryonic and fetal hematopoietic tissues.

Edited at 2023-10-09 15:51:31

PlotWizard

Recent works View more works>>

Nursing care of patients with hematological diseases

PlotWizard

Recent works View more works>>

Recommended to you
Outline

Nursing care of patients with hematological diseases

I. Overview

blood system

Hematopoietic tissue and blood composition

The composition of hematopoietic organs

Hematopoietic organs and tissues include bone marrow, thymus, liver, spleen, lymph nodes, embryonic and fetal hematopoietic tissues

blood cell production process

Multipotent hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) from bone marrow differentiate into various types of hematopoietic master cells under certain conditions.

subtopic

2. Anemia

definition

Anemia refers to a syndrome caused by a decrease in the volume of red blood cells in the human body's peripheral blood, lower than the lower limit of the normal range, and the inability to transport enough oxygen to the tissues.

iron deficiency anemia

Cause

Increased iron demand and insufficient intake, iron absorption impairment, and excessive iron loss

clinical manifestations

Anemia: pale skin and mucous membranes, most obvious on the lips and nail beds

Extramedullary hematopoietic manifestations: enlargement of liver, spleen, and lymph nodes

Non-hematopoietic system manifestations: Digestive system: loss of appetite, vomiting, diarrhea; Nervous system: inattention, decreased concentration; Cardiovascular system: increased heart rate, enlarged heart, prone to heart failure

Auxiliary inspection

Routine blood test: Microcytic hypochromic anemia, hemoglobin decrease is more obvious than red blood cell count.

Bone marrow image: active proliferation, mainly proliferation of middle and late red blood cells

Treatment points

Treatment of the cause: the key to the radical cure of iron deficiency anemia

Iron supplement treatment: Commonly used ferrous sulfate

care

Iron supplements should be taken between meals, and can be taken with vitamin C juice to promote absorption. Use a straw or rinse your mouth after taking the medicine. Milk, cola, coffee, and strong tea are prohibited.

aplastic anemia

Definition: It is a bone marrow hematopoietic failure disease that may be caused by different causes and mechanisms.

Causes: drugs and chemicals (the most common causative factors of aplastic anemia), viral infections, ionizing radiation

Clinical manifestations: Bone marrow hematopoiesis is low, progressive anemia, infection, bleeding and pancytopenia can be seen.

Auxiliary examination: bone marrow hyperplasia (low or extremely low)

Treatment points

Non-severe: androgens are preferred

Heavy: Immunosuppressant

Nursing measures: Androgens are in the form of oil and should be injected into deep muscles. Be wary of cerebral hemorrhage.

3. Bleeding diseases

Primary immune thrombocytopenia ITP

subtopic

4. Leukemia

subtopic

theme

subtopic