Albumin/Albumins

globulins

Fibrinogen

electrolyte

small organic molecules

gas

Neutrophils Neutrophils

Lymphocytes Lymphocytes

Monocytes

Eosinophils Eosinophils

Basophils

adult male

adult women

newborn

Reflects the relative concentration of red blood cells in the blood (WBC and PLT occupy a very small amount in the blood)

Whole blood 4～5

Plasma 1.6～2.4

Positively related to the number of solute particles

Independent of solute type and particle size

300mmol/L

plasma crystalloid osmotic pressure

plasma colloid osmotic pressure

Crystalloid osmotic pressure > Colloidal osmotic pressure

7.35~7.45

The most important: NaHCO3/H2CO3

Male: (4.5~5.4) x 10^12/L

Female: (3.8~4.6) x 10^12/L

Newborn: >6x10^12/L

7.5~8.5um

normal value

The number of RBCs and Hb concentration in the blood are lower than normal HCT↓

RBC number and Hb concentration are higher than normal HCT ↑

Large molecules cannot pass, but O2 and CO2 can pass

When blood is stored at low temperature for a long time, the concentration of K in the plasma increases.

Normal RBCs have the ability to deform under the action of external forces

The most important characteristics RBC needs for survival

Influencing factors

RBCs have the property of remaining dispersed and suspended in plasma without sinking easily.

Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR/ erythrocyte sedimentation rate)

Influencing factors

Characteristics of RBC swelling and rupture in hypotonic saline solution

Osmotic fragility is high, and the cell membrane has little resistance to hypotonic salt solutions and is easily ruptured.

When the NaCl concentration drops to 0.42%, some RBCs begin to rupture and hemolysis occurs.

>400 x 10^9/L

<100x 10^9/ L