What are the basic principles of hemodialysis

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Edited at 2022-11-15 07:12:02

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What are the basic principles of hemodialysis

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What are the basic principles of hemodialysis?

Hemodialysis is a method of treating kidney failure that removes metabolic waste and excess water from the body by simulating the excretory function of the kidneys.

The basic principle of hemodialysis is to use a semipermeable membrane to separate blood and dialysate, and realize the transfer of substances through the concentration difference between blood and dialysate.

During hemodialysis, blood is withdrawn from the body, exchanged with dialysate through a dialyzer, and then returned to the body after removing waste and water.

A dialyzer is a device composed of a semipermeable membrane with a certain pore size that allows small molecules to pass through but prevents large molecules from passing through.

Dialysate contains electrolytes similar to those in the blood in the body, and material transfer is achieved through the concentration gradient with waste products and solutes in the blood.

The electrolyte components in the dialysate are transferred into the blood, where they combine with waste products and solutes in the body to form a concentration difference between the waste products and the dialysate.

This concentration difference drives waste products from the blood through the semipermeable membrane into the dialysate, removing waste and water.

During hemodialysis, blood pumps, dialyzers and the flow of dialysate are also needed to ensure the effectiveness of dialysis.

Blood pumps are used to pump and return blood to ensure smooth blood flow.

The flow between blood and dialysate in the dialyzer needs to be controlled by an infusion pump and a dialysate pump to maintain a certain flow rate and direction.

The dialysate flows into the dialyzer, and exchange with the blood occurs on the surface of the semipermeable membrane, ensuring the removal of waste and water.

The core of the basic principle of hemodialysis is to remove metabolic waste and excess water from the blood through the dialyzer and dialysate.

The semipermeable membrane of the dialyzer is selective, allowing only small molecules to pass through and preventing large molecules from passing through, ensuring the retention of important components in the blood.

The composition of dialysate is similar to that of blood in the body, and the transfer of substances is achieved through the concentration difference between waste products and solutes in the blood.

The basic principles of hemodialysis can help patients with kidney disease remove metabolic waste and excess water from the body and maintain normal electrolyte balance and acid-base balance in the body.