Features
Features:

Product Tour >

Edraw AI >

Paid Plans:

Individuals >

Business >

Eduaction >
Resources
Blog

History

How-tos & Tips

Discovery

Biography

Business Analysis

Examples

AI concept Map

Free AI Mind Map Generator

Onenote Mind Map

Bcg Matrix Examples

Nike Marketing Strategy

Unilever SWOT Analysis

Make Mind Maps in Google Docs

Guide

FAQs

What's New

Resource Center
Templates
All Templates

Brain Storming Templates

Strategy and Planning Templates

Project Management Templates

Product Management Templates

Human Resources Templates

Agile Workflow Templates

Marketing Templates

Education Templates

Fun and Games Templates

User Gallery
Download
Pricing
Enterprise

blood

Blood is a red, opaque, viscous liquid that flows in the human blood vessels and heart. Blood is composed of plasma and blood cells. One liter of plasma contains 900-910 grams of water, 65-85 grams of protein and 20 grams of low molecular substances. There are a variety of electrolytes and organic compounds in low molecular substances. Blood cells include red blood cells and white blood cells. and platelet cells. The average lifespan of red blood cells...

Edited at 2022-11-14 19:44:16

PlotWizard

Recent works View more works>>

blood

PlotWizard

Recent works View more works>>

Recommended to you
Outline

blood (Healthy adults 5L 7%)

composition

blood cells 45%

composition

red blood cells

leukocyte

platelets

plasma 55%

Function

Carry blood cells, nutrients and metabolites...

composition

Water (90%), plasma proteins, enzymes, lipoproteins, vitamins, inorganic salts, nutrients, metabolites

Without anticoagulant, blood rests outside the body Fibrinogen → fibrin (via thrombin) Serum: light yellow transparent liquid lacking fibrinogen in plasma Blood smear: Wright's stain (base: methylene blue acid: eosin) Hemogram: Measurement results of blood cell morphology, number ratio and hemoglobin in blood

Development of bone marrow and blood cells

Embryonic Development 3 Primitive blood cells occur in blood islands in the wall of the yolk sac 6 liver 12 spleen In the late embryonic stage, the bone marrow becomes the main site of hematopoiesis, and the thymus and lymph nodes are the sites of lymphocyte proliferation and differentiation.

bone marrow structure

red bone marrow

hematopoietic tissue

Reticular tissue and stromal cells constitute hematopoiesis-inducing microenvironment to regulate hematopoietic cells and hematopoiesis Reticular tissue is also a scaffold for hematopoietic tissue Stromal cells: macrophages, fibroblasts, sinusoidal endothelial, reticular, adipogenic, osteogenic, bone marrow stromal stem cells

Sinusoids

High permeability, which facilitates the entry of mature blood cells into the blood

yellow bone marrow

Adipose tissue

immature blood cells

Hematopoietic stem cells (pluripotent stem cells)

Self-replication, proliferation potential, multi-directional differentiation ability

Hematopoietic progenitor cells (directed)

Pluripotent stem cells → directed → primitive → naive (early, middle and late) → mature

red blood cells Male 4.0～5.5×10 to the twelfth power Female 3.5～5.0......

Blood type A B AB O RH negative panda blood Hh negative dinosaur blood

Morphology

Biconcave disc shape (facilitates rapid exchange of gases inside and outside the cell) Mature cells have no nuclei or organelles and are filled with hemoglobin.

hemoglobin Male 120~160g/L Female 110~150g/L Anemia: red blood cells less than 3×1012/L Hemoglobin less than 100g/L

Red blood cell membrane skeleton: mainly contains spectrin and actin. Make red blood cells flexible and elastic

Function

Transport oxygen and carbon dioxide

Aged red blood cells are phagocytized and cleared by macrophages in the spleen and liver. Average lifespan is 120 days Reticulocytes: immature, with bright tar blue staining, it can be seen that there are still blue-dyed fine meshes and particles (ribosomes) in the cytoplasm.

leukocyte (4～10x109th power/L)

Morphology

Colorless nucleated spherical cells

Function

Metamorphosis Movement Involved in defense and immune functions

Classification

granulocyte

neutrophils 50～70%

Morphology

The diameter is 10 to 12 microns, and the nucleus is rod-shaped or lobed. The lobed nucleus can be divided into 2 to 5 lobes, and there are chromatin threads connecting the lobes (the increase of the rod-shaped nucleus and the sum of 2 lobes is called left shift of the nucleus. The increase in nuclei in the 4th and 5th lobes is called nuclear right shift) Live in tissue for 2 to 3 days

Contains a large number of fine, evenly distributed particles dyed lavender and light red.

special particles

Small in size and light red in color. Accounting for 80%, it is a secreted granule containing lysophage and phagocytosin, which can kill bacteria.

azurophilic granules

Larger, lavender particles. 80%, is a lysosome

Function

Deformation movement, phagocytosis and secretion activities.

clinical significance

When acute inflammation occurs due to bacterial infection, the proportion of neutrophils increases significantly.

eosinophils 0.5～3%

Morphology

It is 10 to 15 microns in diameter and has a 2-lobed core. The polycytoplasm is filled with thick, evenly distributed, orange-red stained eosinophilic granules (special lysosomes, containing cationic proteins, aryl sulfatase, and histamine enzymes). Contains rectangular dense crystals

Function

Metamorphosis, chemotaxis, phagocytosis

clinical significance

Anti-allergic, anti-parasitic.

basophils 0～1%

Morphology

The smallest number and spherical shape. The diameter is 10 to 12 microns, and the core is lobed or S-shaped. The cytoplasm contains blue-purple basophilic granules of varying sizes and unevenly distributed, and the granules are long and covered on the membrane.

Function

Basophils and mast cells secrete the same substances and have basically the same functions, and are involved in allergic reactions.

agranulocytosis

monocytes 3～8%

Morphology

The largest cell among white blood cells, 14 to 20 microns in diameter and spherical in shape. The nucleus is kidney-shaped, horseshoe-shaped or irregular. The cytoplasm is rich in gray-blue color and contains many small lilac azurophilic granules.

Function

Deformation movement, chemotaxis, strong phagocytosis function, and can differentiate into macrophages.

Lymphocytes 20～30%

Morphology

The nucleus is round or oval, with a small depression on the inside. Divided into large, medium and small, the peripheral blood is mainly small, and large and medium has azurophilia. The cytoplasm is basophilically stained azure.

platelets 100～300×10 to the ninth power/L

Small pieces of cytoplasm shed by bone marrow megakaryocytes, biconvex disc-shaped, 2 to 4 microns in diameter Often gather in groups, life span is 7 to 14 days No nucleus, with organelles There are blue-purple platelet granules (granule area) in the center - containing special granules, dense granules and a small amount of lysosomes (hemostasis and coagulation) Peripheral light blue (transparent area)—contains microtubules and microfilaments, involved in the maintenance and deformation of platelet morphology