MindMap Gallery Basic mind map of drone technology
This is a basic mind map about drone technology, including an overview of drones, the composition of drone systems, etc. Friends in need hurry up and collect it!
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This is a mind map about bacteria, and its main contents include: overview, morphology, types, structure, reproduction, distribution, application, and expansion. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
This is a mind map about plant asexual reproduction, and its main contents include: concept, spore reproduction, vegetative reproduction, tissue culture, and buds. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
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Drone technology basics
Drone overview
Learn about drones
Drone definition
unmanned aerial vehicle
Abbreviation: drone
Air-powered aircraft managed by a remote control station and not carrying an operator
Use aerodynamics to provide the required lift for the aircraft and be able to guide it remotely
Able to carry payload
Can be used once or recycled and used again
No cockpit, no driver
Installed with automatic pilot, program control device and other equipment
Personnel on the ground, on the ship or at the mother aircraft remote control station
Tracking, positioning, remote control, telemetry and digital transmission through radar
Flight mode: It can take off like an ordinary airplane under radio control or be launched into the sky with a booster rocket, or it can be taken into the air by the mother aircraft.
During recovery: it can land automatically in the same way as an ordinary aircraft landing process, or it can be intercepted by remote control with a parachute or blocker.
unmanned aerial vehicle system
It cannot work independently and must form a complete system.
Unmanned aircraft systems include:
UAV body
Related remote control stations
required instructions
control data link
Approved model design provisions
Other supporting parts
Aircraft subsystem
composition:
aircraft systems
composition:
flight carrier
body system
propulsion system
Airborne part of takeoff and landing system
flight control system
composition:
central computer
Flight control sensors
Private server actuators and other equipment or devices
effect
Ability to control UAV flight attitude and motion parameters
Navigation System
The "eyes" of the drone
Provides the UAV with information such as position, speed, flight attitude, etc. of the reference coordinate system.
Guide the drone to fly along the designated route, which is equivalent to the pilot in the manned-machine system
Non-autonomous (GPS, etc.)
Autonomous (inertial guidance)
Task equipment subsystem
UAV airborne equipment
The body is an aerial platform, its function depends on what airborne equipment is carried
military drone
Commonly used airborne equipment systems include
Optoelectronic system
radar system
Laser ranging system
fire control system
Weapon plug-in management system
Civilian drone
Commonly used airborne equipment includes
aerial camera
aerial camera
Agricultural spraying equipment
Different types of drones
Drone classification
By platform
fixed wing
rotor
Other types
umbrella wing
flapping wings
unmanned airship
According to use
military
Investigate
bait
Electronic Warfare
communication relay
attack
drone
Civilian
Industrial grade
patrol
monitor
meteorological
agricultural use
survey
Surveying and mapping
consumer grade
Generally use lower cost multi-rotor platforms
aerial photography
game
Leisure and other purposes
Common drones
Fixed wing UAV
Features:
The wings extend flat on both sides of the fuselage and are relatively fixed
Fly forward using thrust generated by propellers and turbine engines
Lift comes from the relative motion of the wing and the air
Common wings
straight wing
swept wing
delta wing
System composition
body structure
Avionics system
power system
Take-off and landing system
ground control station
advantage:
Flight time
high speed
High flight efficiency
Once power is lost, you can glide to reduce the descent speed and reduce crash losses.
shortcoming:
Requires dedicated open space for takeoff and landing
Unable to achieve hover
rotor drone
single rotor
advantage:
Low requirements for take-off and landing sites
Flexible flight attitude control
It can fly at low altitude, low speed, hover and make a U-turn on the spot.
shortcoming:
The rotor transmission structure is complex
High vibration and noise
Heavy maintenance workload
Higher cost of use
lower speed
Shorter voyage
Multi-rotor
The rotation of the motor on each axis drives the rotor to rotate, thereby generating thrust and lift.
By changing the rotation speed between different rotors and changing the thrust of each axis, the flight attitude of the drone can be controlled.
advantage:
Simple structure
Easy to maintain
easy to use
High mobility
Can take off and land vertically and hover stably
shortcoming:
low flight efficiency
Short battery life
Poor load-bearing performance
Other types
umbrella wing
When taking off, the power warehouse drives the parachute wings to open and glide forward, using the oncoming airflow to generate lift.
A drone that uses flexible parasols instead of rigid wings, made of carbon fiber
advantage
Large payload
long flight time
Easy to operate
Safe and reliable
low cost
Short takeoff and landing roll distance, etc.
shortcoming
Slow flight speed
low flying altitude
flapping wings
Other types of drones
UAV development history
UAV system components
aircraft platform
There is no difference between general and manned aircraft
fixed wing platform
Refers to an aircraft platform with fixed wings and a density greater than that of air
The power unit generates forward thrust or pull, causing the aircraft to move forward and causing the wings to generate lift.