Heaven has its destiny, which exists independent of human subjective will. It is the ruler of heaven and earth. Only by understanding and understanding our destiny can we realize our ideals and gain freedom.

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methodology

Benevolence is internal and propriety is external, normative ideological system

Governance is based on virtue: Tao is governed by government, and justice is punished, so that the people can avoid it without being shameful; Tao is governed by virtue, and justice is governed by etiquette, which is shameful and dignified.

Combination of leniency and violence: Criminal law can only correct mistakes and solve existing problems, but morality can nip problems in the bud.

Governance based on virtue is like Beichen, who lives in his place and is supported by the hearts of the people: the premise of virtuous government is that the person who governs is upright.

Virtuous government: benefiting the people, nourishing the people, and benefiting the people

Benevolence is not a special code of conduct for rulers, but a moral requirement for everyone, emphasizing the subjectivity of moral cultivation.

Moral values ​​are higher than material interests. People’s spiritual needs are far more meaningful than material needs. The pursuit of benefits must be conditional.

Correcting names is a prerequisite for reasonable speech. Names and facts must be consistent. Names must be certain.

Be careful and expressive

Analogy method: draw inferences from one instance and learn ten from one.

logical thought

Examining aesthetic art from the perspective of benevolence

Education is an important part of social development

Everyone has the right to education

Teaching students in accordance with their aptitude

Teaching by words and deeds

Set up schools and use the principles of filial piety and brotherhood to teach people to be kind.

The most important thing: benevolence and righteousness

theory of good nature

Wealth cannot be lascivious, poverty cannot be moved, power cannot be subdued

A man who sacrifices his life for righteousness has an awe-inspiring spirit and is extremely strong.

Heaven is a spiritual entity with moral attributes

Relationship between Heaven and Man: Interconnection between Heaven and Man

methodology