MindMap Gallery Physiology introduction mind map
A mind map about the introduction to physiology, including the basic characteristics of life activities, the regulation of physiological functions of the body, etc. Friends who are interested, please like and collect~
Edited at 2023-11-18 19:32:31This is a mind map about bacteria, and its main contents include: overview, morphology, types, structure, reproduction, distribution, application, and expansion. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
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This is a mind map about the reproductive development of animals, and its main contents include: insects, frogs, birds, sexual reproduction, and asexual reproduction. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
This is a mind map about bacteria, and its main contents include: overview, morphology, types, structure, reproduction, distribution, application, and expansion. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
This is a mind map about plant asexual reproduction, and its main contents include: concept, spore reproduction, vegetative reproduction, tissue culture, and buds. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
This is a mind map about the reproductive development of animals, and its main contents include: insects, frogs, birds, sexual reproduction, and asexual reproduction. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
introduction
Physiological Overview
Basic characteristics of life activities
Metabolism: The process of material exchange and energy conversion between the body and the environment to achieve self-renewal is called metabolism
Excitability
Excitability: the ability of an organism or tissue to respond to stimuli
stimulus classification
physical stimulation high temperature
subtopic
subtopic
chemical irritant oxygen
subtopic
Biological stimulus epidemic
psychosocial stimulation
Threshold intensity (threshold) is the minimum stimulus intensity that causes tissue to respond (a measure of tissue excitability)
The intensity equal to the threshold is called threshold stimulus. Valid
Intensity less than the threshold is called subthreshold stimulation and is invalid.
Intensity greater than the threshold is called suprathreshold stimulation and is effective
Excitable tissue: Nerve tissue, muscle tissue, and glandular tissue are called excitable tissues.
nervous tissue
muscle tissue
skeletal muscle
myocardium
smooth muscle
glandular tissue
excitement and inhibition
type of reaction
Excitement: from a relatively static state to an active state, from weak to strong
Inhibition: from active state to relatively static state, from strong to weak
Regulation of physiological functions of the body
body and environment
external environment
natural environment
social environment
Internal environment = extracellular fluid
Body fluids (60%)
Intracellular fluid 2/3
Intracellular fluid 1/3
tissue fluid
plasma
Lymph
cerebrospinal fluid
Steady state
The chemical composition and physical and chemical factors of the internal environment remain in a relatively stable state, which is called the steady state of the internal environment, or steady state for short.
Internal environment pH value 7.35-7.45
How to regulate human physiological functions
Neuromodulation is most important
reflex activity
Conditioned reflex
unconditioned reflex
Links of neuromodulation: receptors - (afferent nerves) reflex centers - (efferent nerves) effectors
Mode of activity: reflection
Structural basis: reflex arc
Features: Rapid, accurate, short duration
body fluid regulation
Characteristics: Slow, broad, long lasting
Hormones: metabolism, growth and development, reproduction
self-regulation
The adjustment is accurate and stable but the amplitude is small, also called local adjustment.
Feedback on the regulation of human physiological functions
feedback
Positive feedback rare
Negative feedback common