1. The meaning of situation: the individual in the environment (perception and definition of) its (environment) . objectivity subjectivity

2. "Man creates the environment, and the environment also creates the man." - Marx

3. The difference between rural society and urban society. (p83)

1. To a certain extent, cultural types classify cultures based on the characteristics of the general environment. The closest meaning to cultural ecology → cultural materialism.

2. Recommended books:

3. Definition of personality: The traits, tendencies or characteristic patterns in the human body that make people's behavior more stable and relatively durable. Inherited, acquired

1. Personality theory: Emphasizing the influence of biological factors on human behavior, collectively called biological theory, also known as instinct theory The influence of instinct and genetics on human behavior. imprinting phenomenon

2. Jung and Freud: Collective Unconscious

3. Learning theory

4. Personality measurement

Mr. Yang Guoshu proposed that the social orientation of the Chinese includes four secondary orientations:

Children's consciousness begins to appear approximately 3 months after birth Self-awareness emerges approximately 15 months after birth

What the self wants to express is how one is aware of and develops the ability to anticipate and control one's own behavior

Illustration

The construction of individual self-concept

Self-awareness: refers to the psychological state when an individual regards himself as the object of attention.

When we focus on ourselves, we align ourselves with our inner standards and values To evaluate and compare your current behavior.

When we focus on ourselves, we evaluate and compare our current behavior against our own internal standards and values. Buss divides self-perception into: internal self-perception and public self-perception.

Self-esteem is the emotion-related content of a person's self-concept. It refers to how a person affirms and praises himself, which is an important dimension of self-evaluation.

Self-efficacy refers to a person's belief in one's ability to complete a specific task - Bandura

The self can be divided into the subjective self (innate) and the objective self (social interaction). The latter is the evaluation and supervision of the former. - George. mead

First, let individuals have successful experience in controlling their own environment.

The second is to let others have a positive evaluation of themselves

Summary: Learn to serve yourself

Use self-handicapping strategies

Learn to compare downwards

Engage in activities you are good at

Adapting to role conflict subcultures

structural role theory

role process theory

role performance theory

Disadvantages of the Three Roles Theory

de-role theory

Understanding Chinese people's face, favors and "guanxi" cannot The Chinese society is divorced from the Chinese cultural background. question

The meaning of "relationship" focuses on kinship, geographical proximity and certain A description of an organizational method (circle of friends).

Face and favor, which are generated in the relationship network, contribute to each other.

If a person gains face, it is usually shared by the social network in which he or she lives.

Social meaning:

elements

As society changes, individuals adapt and reproduce, I will constantly adjust myself and my role and learn new things.

The central issue in the socialization process is the issue of identity. (Erickson)

The formation of individual values ​​and attitudes is important to their growth.

Insufficient, excessive or failed socialization

resocialization

reverse socialization

antisocialization

Sociologist Parsons proposed five variables of social behavior patterns