The permeability of the filtration membrane is reduced, the balance of the ball tube is imbalanced, the filtration area is reduced, and the effective filtration pressure is reduced.

Increased glomerular filtration fraction, increased aldosterone secretion, and increased antidiuretic hormone secretion.

Right heart failure.

Constrictive heart disease.

The mechanism.

The main factors leading to nephrogenic edema.

Characteristics of edema.

Cirrhosis is the most common cause of hepatogenic edema.

The main manifestation is abdominal effusion, and ankle edema may also appear first.

Factors such as portal hypertension, hypoalbuminemia, hepatic lymphatic reflux failure, and subsequent increase in aldosterone are the main mechanisms for the formation of edema and peritoneal effusion.

Hypothyroidism is myxedema, and the edema is characterized by being non-pitting.

Cushing's syndrome: sodium and water retention due to excessive secretion of adrenocortical hormones

Hypoalbuminemia or vitamin B1 deficiency can produce edema due to chronic wasting disease, long-term nutritional deficiency, protein-losing gastrointestinal disease, severe burns, etc.

Edema of the eyelids and lower limbs occurs 7 to 14 days before menstruation. May be related to endocrine hormone changes.

Cellulitis, boils, carbuncles, erysipelas.

After lymphadenectomy, filariasis, etc.