MindMap Gallery Chemistry Compulsory Course 1 Chapter 2 Mind Map
Mind map on Chapter 2 of Compulsory Chemistry Course 1, sodium and its compounds, chlorine and its compounds, the amount of substances, etc. Good learning materials, I hope it will be helpful to you in learning chemistry!
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This is a mind map about bacteria, and its main contents include: overview, morphology, types, structure, reproduction, distribution, application, and expansion. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
This is a mind map about plant asexual reproduction, and its main contents include: concept, spore reproduction, vegetative reproduction, tissue culture, and buds. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
This is a mind map about the reproductive development of animals, and its main contents include: insects, frogs, birds, sexual reproduction, and asexual reproduction. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
Chemistry Compulsory Course 1 Chapter 2
Sodium and its compounds
sodium
Structure, volatile electrons, active nature, only exists in the combined state
nature
Physical properties: silvery white, soft, less dense than water, low melting point
chemical properties
Na reacts with O₂
Na₂O (white solid) is generated at room temperature
Na₂O₂ (light yellow solid) is generated when heated.
The reaction between Na and H₂O: 2Na 2H₂O==2NaOH H₂↑ (floating, melting, swimming, ringing, red)
Reacts with salt solution: 2Na CuSO₄ 2H₂O==Cu(OH)₂ Na₂SO₄ H₂↑
Uses: making high-pressure sodium lamps, making K-Na alloys, smelting metals, etc.
sodium compound
sodium oxide
Na₂O
Na₂O₂
Na₂CO₃ and Na HCO₃
Alkaline A>B
Solubility A>B
Thermal stabilityA>B
Usage: NaHCO₃ is used as baking powder to treat hyperacidity; Na₂CO₃ is used in textiles, soap making, glass making, etc.
Chlorine and its compounds
Chlorine
structure
Chlorine gas molecule is a diatomic molecule composed of 2 chlorine atoms
The chlorine atom has seven electrons in the outer electron shell. It is easy to obtain electrons and has active properties. It exists in a combined state.
nature
Physical properties: yellow-green, pungent odor, denser than air, soluble in water (volume ratio is about 1:2)
chemical properties
React with metals
Na (heating) → NaCL (white smoke)
Copper wire (heating) → CuCL₂ (brown smoke)
Iron wire (heated) → FeCL₃ (brown smoke)
Generate high valence chloride
Reacts with non-metals: CL₂ H₂ = ignition = 2HCL (H₂ burns in CL₂ to produce a pale flame)
Reacts with water: CL₂ H₂O=HCL HCLO
React with base
CL₂ 2NaOH==NaCLO NaCL H₂O
2CL₂ 2Ca(OH)₂==CaCL₂ Ca(CLO)₂ 2H₂O
Laboratory preparation method: MnO₂ 4HCL (concentrated) =△=MnCL₂ CL₂ 2H₂O
Usage: Preparation of hydrochloric acid, bleaching powder, bleaching powder essence, bleaching liquid, tap water disinfection, etc.
Inspection of CL⁻: HNO₃ AgNO₃→white precipitate
amount of matter
Configuration and error analysis of the concentration solution of a certain substance
Calculations related to amounts of matter