MindMap Gallery Basic conditions for human life activities
This is a mind map about the basic conditions for human life activities, including how the human body is composed, the environmental conditions required for human life activities, etc.
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This is a mind map about bacteria, and its main contents include: overview, morphology, types, structure, reproduction, distribution, application, and expansion. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
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Basic conditions for human life activities
How the human body is composed
The composition of people:
cell
Definition: Cells are the basic units of the human body. Although various cells in the human body have different shapes, their basic structures are the same. They generally have a cell membrane, cytoplasm and nucleus.
red blood cells
Features: Double-sided slightly concave disc shape, thinner in the center and thicker around the periphery, with a larger surface area
Function: Carrying and transporting oxygen and carbon dioxide
skeletal muscle cells
Characteristics: They are slender cylindrical multinucleated cells with alternating light and dark horizontal stripes.
Function: Contract quickly and forcefully
nerve cells
Features: There are many protrusions
Role: Receive, integrate and transmit information
organize
epithelial tissue
Features: Cells are tightly arranged, single or multi-layered, with little intercellular matrix
Function: Protection, secretion, absorption
connective tissue
Features: loosely arranged cells, abundant intercellular matrix, and diverse shapes
Function: Support, connect, protect, nourish
muscle tissue
Features: Has contraction and relaxation functions
Function: contraction, relaxation
nervous tissue
Features: Composed of nerve cells and glial cells
Function: support, nutrition, insulation, protection
organ
Definition: An organ is a united unit composed of different tissues in a multicellular organism. It has certain morphological characteristics and can perform certain physiological functions.
Stomach
Function: Store and digest food
Features: Left upper abdomen, sac-like
Stomach wall composition
The mucosa is composed of epithelial tissue, which has a protective function. It is distributed with a large number of gastric glands and has the function of secreting gastric juice.
The submucosal layer is composed of connective tissue and nervous tissue, has connection and nutritional functions, and contains fibers and blood vessels.
The muscular layer is composed of smooth muscle tissue and nervous tissue and has a contractile function to make the stomach move.
The adventitia is composed of squamous epithelial cells
kidney
Composition: Nephron
renal corpuscle
glomerulus
renal capsule
renal tubules
Lungs, heart, liver, pancreas, ears, nose, eyes...
system
exercise system
nervous system
Endocrine System
circulatory system
respiratory system
Composition: respiratory tract, lungs
Function: Maintain the stability of oxygen and carbon dioxide concentrations in extracellular fluids
digestive system
Composition: Mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, anus and other digestive organs Digestive gland organs such as liver, pancreas and salivary glands
Function: The human body digests food and absorbs nutrients
urinary system
Composition: kidney, ureter, bladder, urethra
Function: Excrete metabolic waste from the body
reproductive system
azimuth terms
Environmental conditions required for human life activities
external environment
Ambient temperature: 18°C
Air pressure: 1 atmosphere
Oxygen content: Oxygen concentration is above 17%
Fresh water: about 2.5 liters a day
Food: Moderate food
Internal environment
The composition of the internal environment
plasma
blood cells
blood
Plasma: has the function of carrying blood cells, transporting nutrients and metabolic wastes
blood cells
Red blood cells: carry oxygen
White blood cells: have the function of immune defense
Platelets: have a hemostatic effect
blood cells
tissue fluid
extracellular fluid
tissue cells
The internal environment is a dynamic balance that remains relatively stable amidst minor fluctuations.
The stability of the human body's internal environment is closely related to the physiological activities of the human body's circulatory system, respiratory system, digestive system, and urinary system.
The significance of maintaining internal environment stability
It is the immediate environment in which cells carry out metabolism. The oxygen and nutrients required for cell metabolism can only be taken in directly from the internal environment, while the carbon dioxide and metabolic end products produced by metabolism can only be discharged directly into the internal environment, and then transported through the blood circulation and transported by the respiratory system and excretory organs. Excreted from the body.
It is also the place where cells live and move. It must create a suitable environment for cells and provide the physical and chemical conditions necessary for cells to survive and move normally.
The life activities of the human body are maintained and carried out in the process of constant changes and recovery of the internal environment.