Community and its succession mind map

This is a mind map about communities and their succession, biology, including community structure, community spatial structure, community seasonality, etc.

Edited at 2023-11-09 17:32:23

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Community and its succession mind map

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Outline

Communities and their succession

community structure

species composition

Interspecific relationships: predation, interspecific competition, mutualistic relationships, parasitism, primitive cooperation

The spatial structure of the community

Vertical structure (stratification) creates habitat space and food conditions

Horizontal structure (tessellation)

ecological niche

The status or role of a species in a community, including its spatial location, resources occupied, etc., as well as its relationship with other species, etc.

community seasonality

As sunlight, temperature and moisture change with the seasons, the appearance and structure of the community will also change regularly.

Study the abundance of small animal groups in soil

①Principle: Soil animals have the characteristics of tending to darkness, moisture, and avoiding high temperatures.

②Investigation method: Sampler sampling

③Statistical methods: one is the notation method, the other is the visual estimation method

community type

Classification basis: appearance and species composition, etc.

terrestrial community

Desert biome (extremely dry, simple structure, few species)

Grassland biome (semi-arid, simple structure, cold-tolerant, xerophytes, burrowing and fast-running animals

Forest biome (humid, semi-humid, relatively complex and stable structure, arboreal, climbing life)

biological adaptability

Adaptation of organisms to their environment

Adaptation of organisms to organisms

succession

Concept: The process by which one community is replaced (dominated) by another over time

type

Primary succession (succession on sand dunes, fire rocks, and glacial mud) is slow and tends to form a formal community

Secondary succession (grasslands after fires, over-cut forests, abandoned farmland) has a fast succession rate and tends to restore the original community.

Factors affecting succession

①Changes in the external environment

②: The immigration and emigration of organisms

③Changes in the interrelationships between internal populations

④Human activities change the direction and speed of community succession