MindMap Gallery concrete mineral admixture
Civil engineering materials - concrete mineral admixtures. When mixing concrete (mortar), mineral powder with a mass greater than 5% of the cement mass is added, which is called concrete admixtures.
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This is a mind map about plant asexual reproduction, and its main contents include: concept, spore reproduction, vegetative reproduction, tissue culture, and buds. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
This is a mind map about the reproductive development of animals, and its main contents include: insects, frogs, birds, sexual reproduction, and asexual reproduction. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
concrete mineral admixture
concept
definition
·The mineral powder whose mass is greater than 5% of the cement mass when mixing concrete (mortar) is called concrete admixture.
effect
·Incorporating admixtures into concrete has significant technical, economic and environmental benefits. It can often save cement, improve concrete properties, and adjust concrete strength levels.
Mechanism of action
Classification and application
Grade I fly ash: generally electrostatic dust collection ash with the best quality. Suitable for reinforced concrete and prestressed reinforced concrete with span less than 6m. Level II fly ash: mostly mechanical dust collection ash. Suitable for reinforced concrete and plain concrete. Level III fly ash: mainly used for plain concrete (but for plain concrete with design strength level >C30, the fly ash used should be Level I and II ash).
fly ash
Blending method
Equivalent substitution method
The blending method is to replace the equivalent amount of C (that is, keep the total amount of cementitious material unchanged) with all the fly ash incorporated.
The strength of concrete decreases in the early stage and at 28 days, but the strength in the later stage will gradually catch up with the benchmark concrete.
Save cement and improve the performance of concrete.
Additive method
While keeping the amount of c unchanged, the incorporated fly ash replaces the same volume of sand. (ie: fly ash instead of sand method)
The cohesion and water retention of the mixture are significantly improved, and the strength and impermeability of the concrete are improved.
excess substitution method
Part of the mixed fly ash replaces the same mass of cement and the other part replaces the same volume of sand.
Save cement while maintaining the workability and 28d strength of concrete
When reinforced concrete is mixed with fly ash, it is often also mixed with rust inhibitors; Fly ash concrete under low temperature conditions is suitable to be mixed with early strength agent or antifreeze agent at the same time.
The mixing technology of mixing admixtures and admixtures into concrete at the same time is called "double mixing technology".
Granulated blast furnace slag ash
·Granulated blast furnace slag is used as the main raw material, and a small amount of gypsum can be added to grind it into a powder of a certain fineness, which is called granulated blast furnace slag powder, or slag powder for short.
Effects and applications
①Improve the pore structure of concrete and improve durability.
②Improve the workability of concrete mixture.
③Improve the strength of concrete.
④ Reduce the cement content and heat of hydration of concrete.
Silica fume (silica powder)
1. Improve the workability of concrete mixtures
Suitable for preparation: high flow concrete, pumped concrete and underwater pouring concrete, etc. (In order to maintain the fluidity of concrete, it must be used in conjunction with a high-efficiency water reducing agent to achieve good results)
Can be used in: foundation grouting projects to improve groutability.
2Improve the strength of concrete
Because silica fume has extremely fine particles and high activity, it can significantly increase the strength of concrete. Therefore, silica fume can often be mixed into high-strength concrete.
3Improve the pore structure of concrete and improve its durability
After incorporating silica fume, the pore structure of cement stone can be significantly improved (macro pores are reduced and micro pores are increased), so the durability of concrete can be improved.
Applies to:
Concrete projects with erosion resistance requirements; Anti-scouring parts in hydraulic structures Highway pavement engineering.
4. Improve the construction performance of shotcrete
The incorporation of silica fume can reduce the rebound amount of shotcrete, thereby increasing the thickness of the shotcrete and shortening the construction period.
Can be used for: shotcrete projects.
Things to note when using silica fume:
① Silica fume concrete is prone to plastic cracking and early shrinkage, so early maintenance must be strengthened during the construction process.
② Silica fume requires a large amount of water. In order to maintain the fluidity of concrete after mixing, it must be used in conjunction with a high-efficiency water-reducing agent.