MindMap Gallery Exercise Rehabilitation Therapy Technology 3rd Edition
Mind map of sports rehabilitation treatment technology. Sports rehabilitation is an important branch of physical therapy and one of the main bodies of physical therapy. Its implementation forms include passive activities, active support activities, active activities, and resistance activities.
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This is a mind map about bacteria, and its main contents include: overview, morphology, types, structure, reproduction, distribution, application, and expansion. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
This is a mind map about plant asexual reproduction, and its main contents include: concept, spore reproduction, vegetative reproduction, tissue culture, and buds. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
This is a mind map about the reproductive development of animals, and its main contents include: insects, frogs, birds, sexual reproduction, and asexual reproduction. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
Sports rehabilitation therapy technology
Summary
basic concept
Sports rehabilitation is an important branch of physical therapy and one of the main bodies of physical therapy.
Implementation purpose
Increase joint mobility
Enhance muscle strength and endurance
Suppress abnormal muscle tension and relieve tension
Prevent or treat complications
Improve abnormal movement patterns
Eliminate movement dysfunction
Improve balance and coordination
Targeting functional impairment, perform motor function relearning to improve neuromuscular function
Improve cardiopulmonary function
Improve daily living abilities
Implementation principles
Pain-free exercise
Clear purpose and outstanding understanding
Varies from person to person
step by step
holistic view
persevere
Observe patient status
Regular assessment
Patients actively participate and cooperate
Rehabilitation therapist and venue requirements
Implementation form
passive activity
active support activities
proactive activities
Resistance activities
Joint range of motion training techniques
Factors affecting joint range of motion
physiological factors
bony structural limitations
Soft tissue limitations
ligament tension limit
Muscle limitations
Pathological factors
Soft tissue contracture around joints
pain around joints
adhesions of tissues around joints
joint disease
Decreased muscle strength
definition
Joint range of motion training refers to the treatment technology that uses various active or passive movement methods to maintain and restore joint mobility functions, that is, joint mobility technology. The purpose is to maintain the existing joint range of motion or improve the limited joint mobility, prevent joint contracture and deformity, enhance joint proprioceptive awareness, maintain muscle stretch and enhance blood circulation.
Passive range of motion (PROM)
The range of joint movement achieved by muscles without voluntary contraction and under the action of external forces.
Active range of motion (AROM)
The range of motion of a joint produced by voluntary contraction of muscles.
Contraindications
There is still a risk of bleeding after fractures or trauma, and in the early stages after surgery on muscles, tendons, joint capsules, and skin.
Tuberculosis, rheumatoid, acute phase of infection
At the time of nerve injury or within 3 weeks after nerve anastomosis
unstable period in cardiovascular patients
Patients with severe osteoporosis
Deep vein thrombosis, pain or inflammation worsened by exercise
joint mobilization
physiological movement
Movements completed by joints within physiological ranges
Affiliated sports
The movement of a joint is completed within the allowable range of itself and its surrounding tissues. It is a passive movement completed outside the physiological range of the joint and within the anatomical range.
The relationship between physiological movements and accessory movements
Before improving physiological movements, improving accessory movements first can promote the improvement of physiological movements.
Therapeutic effect
relief the pain
Improve joint range of motion
Increase proprioception
Contraindications
Excessive range of motion in joints
increased joint effusion
Infectious inflammation of joints (acute phase)
Intra-articular fracture that does not heal
malignant disease of joints
Matland classification
Grading
Level I
The therapist loosens the joints back and forth in a small range and rhythmically at the beginning of the patient's joint movement.
Level II
The therapist loosens the joints back and forth in a wide range and rhythmically within the range of movement allowed by the patient's joint movement, but does not touch the beginning and end of the joint movement.
Level III
The therapist loosens the joints back and forth in a wide range and rhythmically within the range of movement allowed by the patient's joints. Each time, he touches the end of the joint movement and can feel the tension of the soft tissues around the joints.
Level IV
The therapist loosens the joint back and forth in a small range and rhythmically at the terminal end of the patient's joint. Each time he touches the terminal end of the joint movement, he can feel the tension of the soft tissue around the joint.
manual therapy
Level Ⅰ and Ⅱ: Treatment of limited joint movement caused by pain
Level III: Treatment of joint pain with stiffness
IV treats limited joint movement caused by adhesion and contracture of surrounding tissues.
The range of manipulation grading changes with the range of motion of the joints.
Muscle Strength Rehabilitation Techniques
Soft tissue stretching technology
definition
Stretching is a technique that uses external force to lengthen shortened or contracted tissues, perform movements within the range of joint motion that slightly exceed the resistance of the soft tissue, restore the extensibility of the soft tissue around the joint, reduce muscle tension, and improve the range of joint motion.
drafting effect
Improve range of motion: Due to immobilization of diseased body parts, symptoms such as soft tissue contracture may occur
Prevent irreversible tissue contracture: Contracture can be seen in soft tissues after 4 days of immobilization after trauma. The longer the contracture exists, the more normal tissue will be replaced by adhesions and scar tissue.
Adjust muscle tension and improve muscle excitability: Stretching stimulates the muscle spindle, a receptor in the muscle, reducing muscle tension (center), increasing muscle excitability, and reducing muscle fatigue.
Prevent and treat adhesions and relieve pain: promote elongation of fibrous tissue and rearrangement of collagen fibers
Prevent soft tissue injuries: Increase soft tissue flexibility before exercise and reduce the risk of injury
Classification
initiative
PNF
Reciprocal inhibition of agonist and antagonist muscles
active stretching
passive
passive stretching
mechanical drafting
suspension
definition
For the purpose of lasting improvement of musculoskeletal diseases, a general concept of active treatment and training is a comprehensive training system of motor sense, which emphasizes exercise in an unstable state and can strengthen the deep muscle strength of the central trunk muscles. Improve the body's balance, control and stability during exercise.
Classification
mesh suspension system
mobile suspension system
suspension training system
core stability
Core stability refers to the degree of stability of the core of the human body.
The core parts of the human body include the lumbar spine, pelvis and joints, as well as the ligaments and connective tissues surrounding them, as well as the muscles attached to these bones. The pelvis and joints, and their connections, form the basis of the core structure. In 1992, biomechanist Panjabi proposed the concept of "core stability" and believed that the spinal stability system consists of three parts:
passive stabilization system
Contains bones, ligaments, intervertebral discs, fascia, etc., providing endogenous stability
active stabilization system
Active stabilization system includes core muscles and ciliary muscles to provide exogenous stability
nervous control system
Neural circuits control muscle contraction time, sequence and intensity
Open chain motion and closed chain motion
Muscle Strength Rehabilitation Techniques
Training principles
resistance training
Over recovery rules
Moderate fatigue and appropriate frequency
isometric training
Isotonic training
isokinetic training
muscle biomechanics
Muscle contraction patterns effective for increasing muscle strength: fast eccentric > slow eccentric > isometric > slow concentric > fast concentric
core muscle training
Core Stabilizer Muscles of the Trunk
non-intrinsic core stabilizers
Abdominal muscles (transverse abdominal muscles, internal and external abdominal muscles, erector spinae, quadratus lumborum, psoas major, muscles connecting the pelvis and lower limbs)
intrinsic core stabilizers
Transversospinalis, short segmental muscle group
muscle fascia
Myofascial and Trigger Point Solutions
DMS, shock wave, fascia knife
fascial manipulation
Self-fascial release (foam balls, foam rollers, fascia sticks)
DMS deep fascia stimulator
DMS deep muscle stimulator is a common physical therapy device. Deep muscle stimulation therapy is a non-invasive and safe treatment method. High-energy rapid vibration and percussion energy can reach deep muscles, effectively directly activate muscles and surrounding tissues, and stimulate their proprioceptive function. Improve the diseased tissues and stimulate the tissues to release pain-relieving factors, thereby achieving the purpose of pain relief.