Daytime variation: Generally higher in the afternoon than in the morning

Strenuous exercise, pain, agitation, severe cold, intense heat

Age: Newborn

Pregnancy and childbirth: 5 months and above and childbirth

Due to the large physiological fluctuations of white blood cells, fluctuations in the white blood cell count within 30% are clinically meaningless.

Acute infections: sepsis, acute rheumatic fever, tonsillitis, appendicitis

Severe tissue damage and massive blood cell destruction

acute massive bleeding

acute poisoning

malignant tumor

leukemia

leukemia reaction leukemia reaction

certain infections

Certain blood diseases: aplastic anemia, non-leukemic leukemia

Chronic physical and chemical damage: radiation, chemical drugs

Autoimmune disease: SLE

Hypersplenism

Myeloproliferative diseases

Basophilic leukemia

allergic diseases

Myelofibrosis and certain metastatic cancers

Peripheral blood WBC of newborns one week old Mainly neutrophils, lymphocytes gradually↑ in the later stage, Lymphocytes are relatively high throughout infancy and early childhood, reaching 70% After 4 to 6 years old, lymphocytes begin to ↓ and neutrophils gradually ↑

Absolute increase: >40%

relative increase

Absolute reduction: <20%

relative decrease

Healthy children have slightly higher monocytes than adults

Neonates under 2 weeks old can have 15% or more

Infect

blood disease

Acetone, propylene glycol, ethanol

Potassium carbonate, ammonium oxalate, hypotonic state

Eosin, fast green

Heparin, citrate

glycerin

allergic diseases type 1 hypersensitivity reaction

Parasitic protozoal infection

skin disease

blood disease

infectious disease

malignant tumor

certain endocrine diseases

Early stage of acute infectious diseases—stress state—eosinophils↓—recovery after treatment

Typhoid fever, paratyphoid fever, and after major surgery

Long-term use of adrenal hormones

serious condition

Recovery period performance

Adrenocortical failure

ACTH injection

The number of rod-shaped granulocytes in peripheral blood is >5% and the presence of promyelocytes, mesomyelocytes and promyelocytes

Regenerative nuclear left shift (With WBC↑)

degenerative nuclear left shift (With WBC↓)

Neutrophils with more than 5 lobe nuclei in peripheral blood >3%

Decreased synthesis of hematopoietic substances and DNA, decreased bone marrow hematopoietic function

Seen in nutritional megaloblastic anemia and nausea anemia

Inflammation recovery period: transient nuclear shift to the right is normal

Progressive stage of disease: right shift of nucleus is a sign of poor prognosis

More common in severe purulent infection and large area burns

More common in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome and leukemia

Most common in serious infection: sepsis

Crystallization of primary azurophilic granules White blood cells that appear with several rod-shaped bodies arranged in a bundle-like shape are called Fagot cells, or bundle cells.

Seen in acute grains, acute single, acute stranguria without

A blue area appears in the cytoplasm, a sign of infection

severe infection, burns

Type I (vacuolar) plasma cell type

Type II (irregular) monocytic type

Type III (naive type) immature cell type