From a noun sense, a plan refers to a management document expressed in the form of words, indicators, etc., about the direction, content and method of action of the organization and different departments and members within the organization within a certain period of time in the future.

In the sense of a verb, planning refers to the pre-arrangement of actions in order to achieve the goals determined by decision-making.

5W1H

1. Plans serve to achieve organizational goals

2. Planning is the bridge of management activities and the basis of management activities such as organization, leadership and control.

3. The plan is universal and orderly

4. Plan work to pursue efficiency

1. Divide according to the length of time: long-term plan, short-term plan

2. Divide according to functional space: business plan, financial plan, personnel plan

3. Divide according to clarity: guiding plan, specific plan

4. Divide according to the degree of comprehensiveness: strategic plan, tactical plan

5. Division of degree of degree: procedural planning, non-procedural planning

Koontz

1. Determine goals

2. Recognize the present

3. Study the past

4. Important prerequisites for forecasting and effectively formulating plans

5. Formulate and select feasible action plans

6. Make major plans

7. Develop a derivation plan

8. Develop a budget and use the budget to digitize the plan

Internal strengths S, internal weaknesses W, external opportunities O, external threats T

1. Enterprise tasks must be transformed into goals

2. Management by objectives is a procedure in which managers at all levels within an organization unite to set common goals and determine mutual responsibilities.

3. Sub-goals are the requirements of the overall corporate goal for individuals.

4. Managers and workers manage themselves according to set goals rather than being commanded and controlled by their superiors

5. Assessment, rewards and punishments are also based on sub-goals

1. Employee participation in management

2. Focus on self-management

3. Emphasis on self-evaluation

4. Focus on results

Future plans are regularly revised based on the implementation of the plan and changes in the environment, and are moved forward period by period, so that short-term plans and medium-term plans are organically combined.