Pathophysiology Introduction and disease overview

About pathophysiology Introduction and disease overview mind map, mainly including basic pathological processes, Disease related concepts, etiology, pathogenesis, Disease prognosis, etc.

Edited at 2024-03-03 15:41:17

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Pathophysiology Introduction and disease overview

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Outline

Introduction and disease overview

basic pathological process

A common set of functional and metabolic changes that occur in diseases of multiple organs or systems

Including: shock, fever, hypoxia, stress, edema, ischemia-reperfusion injury, disseminated intravascular coagulation, etc.

Disease related concepts

Disease: Abnormal life activity process caused by disorder of body homeostasis under certain causes.

Health: not only the absence of disease or infirmity, but a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being

Sub-health: a state of low physiological function between health and disease

Etiology

Cause: Factors that are essential to cause a disease, give it its characteristics, or determine its specificity

Common causes: biology, physicochemistry, environmental ecology, nutrition, psychosocial, genetic, congenital, immune factors

Conditions for disease to occur

Concept: a certain body state or natural environment or social factors that promote or slow down the occurrence of disease

Inducement: Factors that strengthen the role of the cause and promote the occurrence and development of the disease

Risk factors: Some factors are clearly related to the occurrence and development of specific diseases, but they should not be classified as the above-mentioned causes.

Pathogenesis

General rules of disease occurrence

homeostatic imbalance

Damage and Resistance to Damage

alternation of cause and effect

local and global relationships

The basic process of disease development

neural mechanism

humoral mechanism

cellular mechanism

molecular mechanism

The role and mechanism of aging in the occurrence and development of diseases

The concept of aging or aging: a comprehensive state in which the body's adaptability to the external environment decreases due to morphological changes, functional decline, and metabolic disorders during the aging process.

Metabolic characteristics of the elderly and their relationship with the occurrence and development of diseases: reduced reserves, weakened homeostasis control ability, and slow response

disease prognosis

Rehabilitation: divided into complete recovery and incomplete recovery

Death: the inevitable outcome of the life activity process, divided into physiological death and pathological death

Physiological death: caused by the natural aging of various organs of the body

Pathological death: caused by disease and various serious injuries

The traditional view is that the death process includes: the dying period, the clinical death period and the biological death period.

Brain death: The irreversible and permanent loss of whole-brain function (including the cerebrum, diencephalon, and brainstem) and the permanent cessation of the functioning of the organism as a whole.

Criteria for judging brain death

Arrest of spontaneous breathing: primary indicator

Irreversible deep coma, unresponsive to external stimuli

Loss of brain stem reflexes

Brain waves disappear: zero-potential EEG

Cerebral blood circulation completely stops

Vegetative state (vegetative state): A state in which the cerebral cortex function is severely damaged leading to loss of subjective consciousness, but the patient still retains subcortical central functions.