MindMap Gallery Medical surgical hand trauma mind map
This is a mind map about medical and surgical hand injuries, including anatomy, causes and characteristics of injuries, examination and diagnosis, Treatment etc.
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This is a mind map about bacteria, and its main contents include: overview, morphology, types, structure, reproduction, distribution, application, and expansion. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
This is a mind map about plant asexual reproduction, and its main contents include: concept, spore reproduction, vegetative reproduction, tissue culture, and buds. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
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hand injury
Anatomy
rest position
Hand tendon injuries can lead to changes in resting position
Function bit
Maintaining this position in patients with possible ankylosis allows the patient to maintain their maximum function
Causes and characteristics of injuries
stabbing
Cut wounds
blunt force trauma
crush injury
firearm injury
Examination and diagnosis
Skin damage examination
skin color and temperature
capillary reflux test
Bleeding conditions at skin edges
Tendon injury examination
flexor tendon rupture
Straightening angle↑
Extensor tendon rupture
Buckling angle↑
Deep and superficial flexor tendons
Finger straight position
When examining the flexor digitorum profundus tendon
Fix the proximal interphalangeal joint → instruct the patient to actively flex the distal interphalangeal joint
If it cannot, it will indicate a break.
Examine the flexor digitorum superficialis tendon
Fix the three fingers except the injured finger in a straight position → instruct the proximal interphalangeal joint to flex
Cannot indicate breakage
★Far deep and near shallow↑
Nerve damage test
Claw hand deformity → ulnar nerve injury
Thumb to palm→median nerve injury
Radial nerve injury → wrist drop
★Mantra
Sooner or later there will be smoke in the Central Plains
Blood vessel injury examination
Allen experiment
An effective method to determine whether the ulnar and radial arteries are open (p646)
treat
Debridement and repair
Try to repair it in one stage by hand (process within 8 hours)
If more than 12h
Second phase restoration
★Vascular and tendon primary repair/nerve secondary repair
If it is accompanied by fracture and dislocation → timely reduction and fixation is required
First choice
local pressure bandage
Early and thorough debridement