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MindMap Gallery Data and its characteristics

Data and its characteristics

This is a mind map about data and its characteristics. Data is a symbolic record of objective things in the real world, a carrier of information, and an object of computer processing.

Edited at 2024-03-02 21:18:26

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Data and its characteristics

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Outline

Data and its characteristics

data

The concept of data: Data is a symbolic record of objective things in the real world, a carrier of information, and an object of computer processing

The data includes numerical and non-numeric symbols

Basic characteristics of data

Basic feature 1: binary system

Basic feature 2: semantics

Basic feature 3: Dispersion

Basic Feature 4: Diversity and Perception

Data encoding

Symbolizing the phenomena of the real world into data requires a process of understanding abstract reasoning, which is completed by computers.

Analog signals and digital signals

Analog signal: Analog signal refers to information expressed by continuously changing physical quantities.

Digital signal: A digital signal is a digital representation of a discrete-time signal

Basic way of coding

text encoding

Single byte code and double byte code

ASCll code and Morse code are single-byte codes

ASCll code Chinese meaning American Standard Code for Information Interchange

National standard code, Unicode is a double-byte code

National standard code

GB2312 contains a total of 7445 characters, 6763 Chinese characters, and 682 other symbols.

There are 3755 commonly used characters in the first level and 3008 in the second level.

The symbols before number 127 have the same meaning as the ASCll code and belong to single-word decoding.

GBK1.0 contains 21886 symbols

Divided into Chinese character area and graphic symbol area

sound coding

sample quantization coding

For audio signals, there are three commonly used sampling frequencies: 1: 44.1kHZ 2: 22.05kHZ 3: 11.025kHZ

Sound storage space = sampling frequency x quantization bits x number of channels x time ÷ 8

image encoding

Bitmap image encoding

The smallest unit of a bitmap is a raster point or pixel. Therefore, it is also called bitmap or pixel image.

Bitmap uses bitmap storage format

Bitmap file size

File size = file header, information header, color representation, image resolution × number of image quantization bits ÷ 8

Information and its characteristics

Shannon is known as the father of information theory

information

Information is meaningful data that has been processed

basic characteristics of information

universality

Transitivity

Sharability

Dependability and tractability

Timeliness

authenticity

value relativity

Knowledge and digital learning

knowledge and wisdom

Doing experiments → Obtaining observation data → Analyzing and processing data → Reasoning, establishing mathematical models → Experimental verification of models → Forming knowledge → Applying knowledge to solve problems is a very effective knowledge development path

Knowledge

Knowledge is the result of people using their brains to systematically refine, research and analyze the information they obtain or accumulate. It can accurately reflect the essence of things. It comes from practice, is processed and refined, and is higher than practice.

Data information knowledge and wisdom are progressive concepts. The former is the foundation and premise of the latter, and the latter is the abstraction and sublimation of the former.

wisdom

Wisdom is the innovative thinking ability to use knowledge to solve problems in order to achieve predetermined goals.

Digital learning and innovation

Digital tools and resources and their benefits

Digital tools and resources

Digital tools refer to equipment and devices capable of collecting, retrieving, expressing, transmitting and processing multimedia digital resources.

Data collection tools: sound card, video card, digital camera, scanner, etc.

Information acquisition tools: desktop computers, laptops, tablets and mobile phones, etc.

Digital visual expression tools: mind maps, presentations, etc.

Information communication exchange and transmission tools: email, blogs, social software, information conference systems, etc.

Information communication exchange and transmission tools: email, blogs, social software, video conferencing systems, etc.

Information storage tools: CD, USB disk, hard disk, server, etc.

Information processing tools: programming software, multimedia production software, website production tools, information system manufacturing tools

3D design tools: 3D production software, 3D printer, virtual reality, augmented reality production system, etc.

Advantages of digital tools and resources

Ease of acquisition

variety of forms

Sharing of resources

Platform interactivity

Extensibility of content

Characteristics of digital learning

problematize

Cooperation

personalise

creativity and regeneration

openness

Experience the digital innovation learning process

needle experiment

The Monte Carlo method is the basis of computer simulation and originated from the head-pin experiment of the 18th-century mathematician Buffon.