MindMap Gallery Abdominal hernia
In surgical nursing, an external abdominal hernia refers to an organ or tissue in the human body that leaves its normal anatomical position and protrudes to the body surface through a congenital or acquired weakness, defect, or pore in the abdominal wall.
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This is a mind map about bacteria, and its main contents include: overview, morphology, types, structure, reproduction, distribution, application, and expansion. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
This is a mind map about plant asexual reproduction, and its main contents include: concept, spore reproduction, vegetative reproduction, tissue culture, and buds. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
This is a mind map about the reproductive development of animals, and its main contents include: insects, frogs, birds, sexual reproduction, and asexual reproduction. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
Mind map of external abdominal hernia
definition
An external abdominal hernia refers to an organ or tissue in the human body that leaves its normal anatomical position and protrudes to the body surface through a congenital or acquired weak point, defect or hole in the abdominal wall.
Cause
Reduced abdominal wall strength
increased intra-abdominal pressure
Classification
1. Inguinal hernia
2. Incisional hernia
3. Femoral hernia
4. Umbilical hernia
5. Linea alba hernia
6. Lumbar hernia
7. Abdominal wall hernia
8. Hiatal hernia
9. Obturator hernia
10. Combined thoracoabdominal hernia
examine
Film degree exam
B-ultrasound
X-ray examination
CT, MRI examination
laboratory tests
prevention
1. Actively prevent and treat cough, constipation, abdominal effusion, etc. to avoid increasing intra-abdominal pressure.
2. Elderly people should pay special attention to strengthening nutrition and abdominal muscle exercises to enhance abdominal muscle strength and improve abdominal wall strength.
3. Avoid excessive force, such as lifting weights, carrying heavy objects, etc.
4. Obese people should lose weight appropriately to reduce intra-abdominal pressure.
5. Actively treat primary diseases, such as chronic cough, constipation, liver cirrhosis, etc.
6. Avoid using tight belts and tight clothing to reduce pressure on the abdominal wall.
7. Avoid frequent constipation to avoid increased intra-abdominal pressure.
8. Actively perform abdominal muscle exercises to enhance abdominal muscle strength.
9. Avoid standing or sitting for long periods of time to reduce intra-abdominal pressure.
10. Actively treat primary diseases such as ascites, chronic cough, and constipation to reduce the risk of increased intra-abdominal pressure.
symptom
Protruding reducible mass in the groin area
The lump is oval or pear-shaped
The lower edge of the mass is the outer ring orifice
When the mass protrudes, the corresponding part of the outer ring mouth will bulge slightly.
Hernia in adults causes the scrotum to swell when it burrows into it
treat
non-surgical treatment
Surgical treatment
hernia repair
hernioplasty
hernia reduction
complication
Below are the small points surrounding the output "6. Complications of External Abdominal Hernia"
1. Incarceration of hernia
2. Intestinal obstruction
3. Intestinal strangulation
4. Acute peritonitis
5. Testicular ischemia in inguinal hernia
6. Delayed diagnosis of hernia
Nursing measures
1. Rest and activities
2. Diet care
3. Condition observation
4.Preoperative preparation
1. History and physical examination
2. Preoperative education
3. Preoperative diet
4. Preparation before surgery
5. Postoperative care
5. Postoperative care
1. Rest after surgery: You should stay supine after surgery and avoid severe coughing and activities to reduce pain and prevent the restored hernia from slipping again.
2. Pain management: Painkillers are usually used to relieve pain after surgery. If the patient experiences unbearable pain, he or she should notify the doctor immediately.
3. Wound care: The wound should be kept clean and dry after surgery to avoid infection. Generally, you can take a shower one week after surgery, but you should avoid scrubbing the wound too hard.
4. Prevent recurrence: Behaviors that increase abdominal pressure should be avoided as much as possible after surgery, such as coughing and straining to defecate. If you find signs of recurrence, seek medical attention promptly.
5. Diet adjustment: After surgery, defecation should be kept smooth and you can eat more high-fiber foods to avoid constipation. In addition, spicy, irritating food and alcohol should be avoided.
6. Exercise appropriately: The amount of activity can be gradually increased after surgery, but strenuous exercise and heavy physical labor should be avoided. The original amount of exercise can be gradually restored after at least three months.
7. Regular check-ups: Regular check-ups should be carried out after surgery. The doctor will check the healing of the wound and whether there are signs of recurrence.
8. Psychological adjustment: You may experience some anxiety and pain after surgery. You should maintain a good attitude and actively cooperate with the doctor's treatment and suggestions.
6. Incision care
7. Discharge instructions
prognosis
1. Related to type
2. Relevant to whether complications occur
3. Related to age
4. Related to the length of time of incarceration
5. It is related to whether the hernia contents are strangulated.
An external abdominal hernia is a mass formed by the protrusion of abdominal organs or tissues through a defect in the abdominal wall or fascia to the body surface. Weakening of the abdominal wall and increased intra-abdominal pressure are the fundamental causes of hernia formation. Common external abdominal hernias include inguinal hernia, femoral hernia, umbilical hernia, linea alba hernia, abdominal wall incisional hernia, parastomal hernia and lumbar hernia. The clinical manifestations of external abdominal hernia include the appearance of a lump on the abdominal wall that may come and go, or may be large or small, and may be accompanied by symptoms such as pain and intestinal obstruction. Treatment methods include non-surgical treatment and surgical treatment, with surgical treatment being the most commonly used treatment method. Preventive measures include strengthening the abdominal wall muscles and reducing factors that increase intra-abdominal pressure.