MindMap Gallery The initial establishment of the capitalist system, the industrial revolution and the rise of the international communist movement
The initial establishment of the capitalist system, the industrial revolution and the rise of the international communist movement is a historical mind map compiled by a junior high school student who is about to take the high school entrance examination...
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This is a mind map about bacteria, and its main contents include: overview, morphology, types, structure, reproduction, distribution, application, and expansion. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
This is a mind map about plant asexual reproduction, and its main contents include: concept, spore reproduction, vegetative reproduction, tissue culture, and buds. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
This is a mind map about the reproductive development of animals, and its main contents include: insects, frogs, birds, sexual reproduction, and asexual reproduction. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
The initial establishment of the capitalist system, the industrial revolution and the rise of the international communist movement
England, a constitutional monarchy from 1640 to 1688
Fundamental Cause: Feudal rule hindered the development of British capitalism
Start mark: 1640 Charles I reconvenes Parliament
1649 Charles I is guillotined - Britain becomes a republic
Then Cromwell became the ‘Lord Protector’
Intent on restoring the Stuart dynasty
End: Glorious Revolution of 1688 [bloodless revolution]
1689 Bill of Rights
One job
Definition: Machine production replaces manual labor Machine factories replace manual workshops
1. Promotion of the capitalist system: The establishment of the capitalist system provided a powerful impetus for the development of machine production and factory systems.
2. Integration of urbanization and industrialization: With the popularization of machine production, a large number of farmers poured into cities, forming industrial cities, which promoted the deep integration of urbanization and industrialization.
Reason: Political premise, political stability after establishing constitutional monarchy Economy: Britain achieved primitive accumulation through colonial expansion in its early days
process
Beginning mark: 1765 Hargreaves invented the ‘Jenny machine’
Watt's improved steam engine in the mid-18th century
1825 Stephenson invented the steam locomotive --- Railway Age
The French Revolution and the Napoleonic Empire
The root cause is the same as above
1. Beginning sign: Parisian people storm the Bastille
At the same time, July 14, 1789, was designated as France’s National Day.
2. In 1789, the Constituent Assembly adopted the Declaration of Rights of Rights.
1791 The constitution was enacted to establish a constitutional monarchy.
1792 The First French Republic is established
Climax: The Jacobins led by Robespierre
Napoleon established a new government through the Coup of Brumaire
The Napoleonic Code was established in 1804
Impact: Abolition of feudal privileges in various places, somewhat aggressive
American Independence from 1775 to 1783 Figure: Washington
Background: Trigger: Boston Tea Party
Root cause: British colonial rule
Beginning: The Guns of Lexington, 1775
1775 Continental Congress reorganizes militia into Continental Army
1776 The Continental Congress adopts the Declaration of Independence drafted by Jefferson
The first programmatic document to clearly state the political demands of the bourgeoisie in the name of the country
1. The founding of the United States on July 4, 1776, declared the independence of the United States, marking the initial establishment of the capitalist system in North America.
2. The Declaration of Independence emphasized the principles of natural human rights, freedom and equality, laying the foundation for the development of the American capitalist system.
3. In 1783, Washington led the Continental Army to victory at the Battle of Yorktown, officially declaring the end of the American War of Independence.
4. After the Revolutionary War, the United States implemented a federal system to strengthen centralization and promote the further development of the capitalist system.
1783 United States Constitution
Turning Point: Victory at Saratoga
The birth of Marxism and the rise of the international communist movement
1. The publication of the Communist Manifesto in 1848 marked the birth of Marxism.
2. The theoretical achievements of Marx and Engels provided guiding ideology for the international communist movement.
3. The establishment of the First International promoted the development of the international communist movement.
4. The success of the Russian October Revolution enabled Marxism to be verified in practice.
5. The construction of the Soviet Union led by Lenin provided an example for the proletariat of all countries in the world.
6. The establishment of the Second International strengthened the unity and cooperation of the international communist movement.
7. The establishment of the Communist Party of China brought Marxism to life in China.
8.
1. The capitalist system was initially established: The Industrial Revolution promoted the rapid development of productive forces, the feudal society gradually collapsed, and the capitalist system was gradually established in various European countries.
2. The birth of Marxism: Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels created the Marxist theoretical system based on absorbing the ideas of their predecessors.
3. The rise of the international communist movement: In the mid-19th century, Marxism was introduced into Russia, China and other countries, triggering the birth of a series of international communist movements.
4. Paris Commune: In 1871, the working class in Paris, France launched an uprising in an attempt to establish proletarian power, marking the initial attempt of the international communist movement.
5. October Revolution: In 1917, the October Revolution broke out in Russia. The Bolshevik Party led the working class to overthrow the bourgeois provisional government and established the world's first socialist country.
6. Second International: In 1889, international socialists held the founding conference of the Second International in Paris, aiming to strengthen the unity and cooperation of the international communist movement.
With the help of the Comintern, Chen Duxiu founded the Communist Party of China in Shanghai in 1920.
Entering the age of steam
Spreads bourgeois liberal democratic ideas and has global influence
But the Emancipation Proclamation issued during the American Civil War Violates the principle of natural human rights
Nature: bourgeois revolution, national liberation war
Influenced by the Enlightenment (18th century)
1. The Enlightenment promoted rational thinking and encouraged people to explore knowledge independently.
2. Influenced by the Enlightenment, people have a deeper understanding of natural and social phenomena.
3. The Enlightenment Movement advocated the values of democracy, equality, and freedom and influenced the transformation of social systems.
4. Inspired by the Enlightenment, many thinkers and artists began to reflect on traditional concepts and promote cultural innovation.
5. The Enlightenment Movement emphasized the scientific spirit and promoted the development and application of science and technology.
6. Influenced by the Enlightenment, people began to pay attention to individual rights and human rights awareness, laying the foundation for modern democratic politics.
Propose ideas for future society
Parliament is superior to kingship
The purpose is to limit the royal power