Concentrated red blood cells PRBC

Red blood cell suspension RBC

Leukocyte-poor red blood cells LPRC 24h

Wash red blood cells for 24 hours

Frozen red blood cells FTRC 10y

HB > 100g/L → generally no blood transfusion

HB < 70 g/L → Blood transfusion is required (especially acute anemia)

HB 70~100 g/L → blood transfusion? → Is there any risk of poor oxygenation?

Fresh frozen plasma FFP

Cryoprecipitate: rich in factor VIII and fibrinogen, used to treat factor VIII deficiency, hemophilia A or fibrinogen deficiency

Prothrombin complex: contains factors II, VII, IX, and X

Fibrinogen preparations

albumin

PT or APTT>1.5 times normal, diffuse bleeding in the wound

Massive bleeding or blood transfusion (equivalent to the patient's own blood volume)

Congenital or acquired coagulopathy

Emergency anticoagulant effect of warfarin (5-8ml/kg)

It is prohibited to use FFP as a volume expander and to promote wound healing.

Usually after injecting a dose of 10-15ml/kg, most coagulation factors are increased to 25% of normal to effectively stop bleeding.

Most of the FFP currently used clinically have not been inactivated and are high-risk products for viruses.

Manual separation of platelet concentrates

Machine apheresis of concentrated platelets

Used for: bleeding caused by thrombocytopenia, bleeding caused by platelet dysfunction

>100×109/L→ Don’t lose

50*109/L ~ 100*109/L → discretionary

< 50*109/L → lose

Low function affects more than quantity

Patients with massive blood loss may develop hypovolemic shock