MindMap Gallery study
This is a mind map about learning, the relatively lasting changes in an individual's behavior or behavioral potential due to experience in a certain situation.
Edited at 2024-01-18 15:12:28This is a mind map about bacteria, and its main contents include: overview, morphology, types, structure, reproduction, distribution, application, and expansion. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
This is a mind map about plant asexual reproduction, and its main contents include: concept, spore reproduction, vegetative reproduction, tissue culture, and buds. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
This is a mind map about the reproductive development of animals, and its main contents include: insects, frogs, birds, sexual reproduction, and asexual reproduction. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
This is a mind map about bacteria, and its main contents include: overview, morphology, types, structure, reproduction, distribution, application, and expansion. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
This is a mind map about plant asexual reproduction, and its main contents include: concept, spore reproduction, vegetative reproduction, tissue culture, and buds. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
This is a mind map about the reproductive development of animals, and its main contents include: insects, frogs, birds, sexual reproduction, and asexual reproduction. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
study
General concepts of learning
what is learning
A relatively permanent change in an individual's behavior or behavioral potential resulting from experience in a certain situation
Classification of learning
according to complexity
series of learning
discrimination learning
concept learning
Principle learning
problem solving learning
According to the results of learning
motor skill learning
discrimination learning
concept learning
Principle learning
problem solving learning
Based on the relationship between learning materials and learners’ original knowledge structure
Meaningful learning: establishing some internal and inevitable connection
Machine learning: non-essential, artificial connections
According to the way of learning
accept learning
passive acceptance
discovery learning
proactive discovery
According to the learning content
cognitive learning
motor skill learning
learning theory
connection theory of learning
Classical Conditioning Pavlov
Dogs, alone, will also drool when exposed to any food-related stimulus.
Acquisition - Extinction - Generalization and Differentiation - Secondary Conditioning
operant conditioning
Thorndike-Error Learning Theory
Hungry Cat - Maze - Chance - Error Reduction
The law of effect is the basic law of learning
Consequences are a key factor in learning
Skinner
The key factor that affects behavior or actions is the consequences of the behavior
Positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement
cognitive theory of learning
Gestalt Learning Theory - Insight Learning
Koler
Learning is not a process of trial and error, but a process of enlightenment
Tolman's cognitive learning theory
content
Opposing the "stimulus-response" theoretical framework and emphasizing the mediating variables
Cognition is the mediating variable of behavior
location learning
potential learning
constructivist learning theory
Knowledge is an explanation, a hypothesis; it is constantly transformed as human progress progresses
Learning is the process of actively constructing knowledge
Explain unexplored issues based on past experience and cognition
Cognitive and motor skills learning
cognitive learning
Concept: Learning that targets cognitive processing
type
Elementary cognitive learning
Learning that targets primary cognitive processes, such as perceptual learning
advanced cognitive learning
Learning that targets high-level cognitive processes, such as language learning
Features
Specific and non-specific
Stages and Continuity
Hierarchy and reverse hierarchy
The regulatory role of attention in cognitive learning
motor skill learning
Concept: A series of stable movement patterns formed through practice
type
Continuous skills and non-continuous skills
Closed skills and open skills
Fine motor skills and gross motor skills
Features
The control effect of consciousness on movements is weakened, and the entire movement system tends to be automated.
Action feedback gradually changes from external feedback to internal feedback
Increased stability and flexibility of movement
Establish coordinated movement patterns
rules of learning
Practice and its role in learning
Practice refers to a kind of learning repeated many times with the participation of feedback.
Practice Curves: Graphically
Characteristics of practice sessions
Practice results gradually improve as practice progresses
plateau phenomenon
Practice progress is uneven
There are individual differences in practice
Conditions for improving practice efficiency
Determine the goals of the exercise
Make flexible use of overall exercises and decomposed exercises
Arrange practice time appropriately
There must be feedback during practice
Other psychological factors that affect practice performance: attitude, self-confidence, emotion, will
transfer of learning
Transfer refers to the knowledge and skills people acquire in one situation that can influence subsequent learning of other knowledge or skills.
Classification
Positive migration and negative migration
positive influence; negative influence
near migration and far migration
Very similar; very different
Intentional migration and unintentional migration
Conscious active participation and summary; unconscious automatic migration
Learning and brain plasticity
What is brain plasticity
Refers to the ability of brain function and structure to change under the interaction of innate inheritance and acquired experience.
Characteristics of plasticity
what happened
The plasticity process of the brain is consistent with the learning process and manifests as functional transfer and functional compensation.