MindMap Gallery Depression and bipolar disorder
This is a mind map about depression and bipolar disorder. Depressive disorders are divided into unipolar depression, which is unipolar depression, and bipolar affective disorder, which is bipolar depression or mania.
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This is a mind map about bacteria, and its main contents include: overview, morphology, types, structure, reproduction, distribution, application, and expansion. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
This is a mind map about plant asexual reproduction, and its main contents include: concept, spore reproduction, vegetative reproduction, tissue culture, and buds. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
This is a mind map about the reproductive development of animals, and its main contents include: insects, frogs, birds, sexual reproduction, and asexual reproduction. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
Depression and bipolar disorder
Overview
Depressive disorders and bipolar disorders
Causes: biological, psychological, social factors
Impact: Great mental anguish, even suicide
Diagnosis: A depressive disorder is not diagnosed before severe symptoms appear or when milder symptoms persist for less than two months.
mood disorder
Major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder, once known as mood disorders, are a group of mental disorders in which an individual experiences changes in mood, cognition, body, and motivation.
DSM-5 classification: divided into depressive disorders and bipolar disorders
depressive disorder
major depressive disorder, persistent depressive disorder
bipolar disorder
Bipolar I disorder, bipolar II disorder, cyclothymia
major depressive disorder
clinical manifestations
Definition: Manic or hypomanic episodes do not occur before or during the episode, divided into single episodes and recurring episodes
diagnosis
Target: Decreasing age of onset
Onset time: two weeks to several years
symptom
emotional symptoms
Negative emotions
Worst in the morning
anxiety
Loss of satisfaction, numbness to the joys of life
Lost interest in physical pleasure
cognitive symptoms
Believing that one has failed and blaming it on oneself
low self-esteem
Looking at the future with despair
motivational symptoms
lack of initiative
conflicting emotions
Motivation in all aspects of life is low
somatic symptoms
Decline in health
decreased appetite
sleep disorders
loss of interest in sex
anxiety and depression
There is significant overlap
Not all anxious patients are depressed
Many of the symptoms that can be used to diagnose anxiety can also be used to diagnose depression
Cause
biological factors
Gene
hormonal system
neurotransmitter system
brain area
psychological factors
life events
cognitive theory
Baker's triadic theory of cognition
Seligman's learned helplessness attributional style
sociocultural factors
Marital relationship
gender factors
social support
treat
biological treatment
Medications: Tricyclic antidepressants, monoamine oxidase inhibitors, Prozac, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, lithium
electroconvulsive therapy
psychotherapy
cognitive therapy
interpersonal therapy
Comprehensive therapy
Prevent recurrence
bipolar disorder
clinical manifestations
Manic and hypomanic episodes
feature
Emotional traits: easily irritable
Cognitive characteristics: Do not believe that one's abilities are limited
Motivational characteristics: extremely active
Physical symptoms: Hypersexuality, difficulty concentrating, no need for sleep
How to recognize bipolar disorder: Alternating manic episodes and depressive symptoms
bipolar disorder
type
Bipolar I disorder: Bipolar I disorder is diagnosed when a patient has at least one semi-manic or mixed episode, often accompanied by a severe depressive episode
Bipolar II disorder: When a patient has a severe depressive episode accompanied by at least one manic episode, the patient is diagnosed as type II, which is a milder form of bipolar disorder.
feature
Easy to relapse, difficult to recover, symptoms last for days to months each time
object
Impact: It brings trouble to the patient's work and study, and makes it difficult to maintain good social relationships. In severe cases, it may lead to suicide.
Cause
biological factors
Gene
neurotransmitter system
hormonal system
brain area
social psychological factors
depression
Reward system becomes sensitive
sleep deprivation
Comprehensive model
treat
Drug therapy: mood stabilizer "lithium", anti-epileptic drugs and antipsychotic drugs
Psychotherapy: Cognitive Therapy