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Minimalist learning minimalist learning method
The Minimalist Learning Method is a methodology designed to simplify the learning process and improve efficiency. This approach emphasizes reducing complexity in the learning process and focusing on key concepts and information for more efficient mastery of knowledge and skills.
Edited at 2023-08-28 13:46:03
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Minimalist learning minimalist learning method
- bacteria
This is a mind map about bacteria, and its main contents include: overview, morphology, types, structure, reproduction, distribution, application, and expansion. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
- Plant asexual reproduction
This is a mind map about plant asexual reproduction, and its main contents include: concept, spore reproduction, vegetative reproduction, tissue culture, and buds. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
- Reproductive development of animals
This is a mind map about the reproductive development of animals, and its main contents include: insects, frogs, birds, sexual reproduction, and asexual reproduction. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
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- Outline
Minimalist learning minimalist learning method
Part One: The Concept and Three Major Advantages of Minimalist Learning Method
1) Minimalist closed loop
Input digestion output, learn everything in three steps
2) Pursue accuracy
Think backwards, use what to learn and what not to do useless work
3) Get to the essence
Learn from the roots and learn everything
McKinsey MECE principle (Mutually Exclusive Collectively Exhaustive) Mutually independent and completely exhaustive
Part 2 Accurate input: Use the right posture to learn accurately
1) Learn accurately: Think backwards and learn knowledge that directly determines the results.
1) Change consciousness: learn with a truly effective purpose (imagine the final result)
2) Set goals: deduce the implementation process and formulate achievable goals (work backwards from the results to the implementation process)
3) Break it down into achievable tasks
0) Peter Drucker's "The Practice of Management" - smart law (Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Relevant, Time-bound)
4) Scientific execution: keep a close eye on the goal and reject excuses (keep a close eye on the goal and execute scientifically)
2) Choose the right one: The best learning materials are those that are most suitable for you
1) Exam-based learning: Textbooks and syllabus are the best learning materials
1) The syllabus is the criterion for everything
2) Textbooks are the best learning materials
Transparent: understand clearly and know why
Complete: Leave no doubts, return the pellets to the warehouse
String: form a system and string together knowledge
More: Repeat, again and again
2) Continuous learning: staying the same is more important than choosing anything
1) Learning materials is not the first priority, learning to the end is the first priority
2) If you still have to choose, how should you choose?
1) Look at brands: old brands, big brands, new brands
2) Check the word-of-mouth reviews (ask people in the circle, read word-of-mouth posts)
3) Try it yourself
3) Pursue the essence: learn from the roots, metacognition points directly to the cornerstone
0) "Behind any complex thing, there are concise rules that can be explained in one sentence or a few sentences. These rules are the essence." - Financial writer Ou Sheng
0) "There are first principles in every systematic exploration. First principles are basic propositions and assumptions that cannot be omitted, deleted, or violated: - Ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle
Newton's three laws explain the rotation of the sun, moon and stars, the rise and fall of tides, and various mechanical phenomena.
Euclid used only a few theorems to explain the organization of thousands of shapes
1) Look at the cornerstone works to help you quickly grasp the essence
1) Cornerstone works, mostly books
Economics - Mankiw's "Principles of Economics"
Marketing - "Marketing Management" by Philip Kotler, the "Godfather of Marketing"
Management guru Peter Drucker's "The Effective Manager"
2) A cornerstone work, a paper that pioneered this field
The beginning of modern information theory - "The Father of Information Theory" Shannon's paper "A Mathematical Theory of Communication" published in the "Bell System Technical Journal" in October 1948
3) There are also some cornerstone works, which are one or two concepts about the essence of this field.
The cornerstone of psychology - Freud, the master of psychology - "Introduction to Psychoanalysis" Personality structure consists of three parts: "id, ego, and superego"
"Maslow's Need Theory" focusing on personal needs
2) Learn key methodologies, "5 hours of theory" is more important than "10,000 hours of theory"
0) Shao Yi, author of "Invisible Leadership" - In 5 hours, we can learn anything (except complex and sophisticated skills). Although we cannot become experts, it is enough.
1) Key methodology
Learning Colors - Japan's Reihito Harada "Learn a little bit about color psychology every day"
Learn to write - "Pyramid Principle"
3) Understand 100 keywords: How McKinsey consultants quickly master an industry
1) Know 100 keywords first
2) Find 3-5 experts and sit with them to talk for half a day to a whole day (the common point in the answers is the focus of the industry)
3) Find 3-5 monographs and read them carefully (the similarities are important in the industry, the differences are different applications in real-life applications for different situations)
The core principle of the minimalist learning method is "essential thinking" (grasp the essence and learn from the roots. Minimalist and efficient
3) Learn well: input new knowledge and make "sandwich cakes" (before school, during school, and after school)
1) Preview before learning: the key is to grasp the degree
1) The knowledge is intertwined, and the preview effect will be better after reviewing the old knowledge.
2) Don’t become “advanced learning”, just mark the difficult points
3) Overall preview during the winter and summer vacations, the key method for academic masters to surpass you
2) There is a purpose in learning: Grasp the purpose and pay attention to the doubt points
1) Focus on what you didn’t understand during the preview
2) Pay attention to the beginning and the end, and follow the teacher through the knowledge chain again
3) If you don’t understand anything in class, ask immediately
3) Review after learning, the most easily forgotten step
1) Eliminate “false understanding”
2) Prevent forgetting and deepen understanding
Part Three: Deep Digestion, How to Thoroughly Understand Knowledge
1) Mental preparation: Do you have to be insensitive or have unconditional confidence?
1) With the power of insensitivity, you will complete deep digestion without realizing it.
Successful people almost all have one trait in common, that is, they have a strong "insensitive power"
1) Believe in yourself and believe that you can
2) Don’t care about the difficulties and blows you encounter on the way to pursue your goals, and you will fight to the end even if your head is broken. This also confirms an old Chinese saying: "Knowing that there are tigers in the mountains, travel to the tiger mountains."
People with "blunt sensitivity" will think "I don't understand this part of the content, maybe my method is wrong", and then use various methods to understand it.
2) Unconditional self-confidence: Get rid of the "fear of difficulties" and you can learn everything
Don't be afraid of difficulties and never give up until you reach your goal; knowing clearly that there are tigers in the mountains, you will go to the tiger mountains
You don’t need to compare with others, compare with yourself, as long as you make progress every day, you just need to be better than yourself yesterday.
In the process of deep digestion, you might as well be a "big-hearted person" and have a more indifferent attitude. If you don’t understand it, you just don’t understand it. It doesn’t matter. I’ll just keep learning. When you are dissatisfied with yourself and feel frustrated, you might as well try the "Others do the same" method. This word is inherently difficult to memorize. I'm not a godly person. Others forget it after memorizing it. That's okay.
2) Accurate self-examination: Please be extremely honest and find loopholes in three ways
1) Self-examination is anti-human, you must be extremely honest
Many people with poor learning ability are not really poor in learning ability, but they are unable to face up to the problems in their learning process and choose to cover their ears and deceive others, thereby losing the opportunity to truly learn well.
There is a type of students who always have knowledge loopholes in their knowledge system, or some knowledge is only half-understood. Because they rely on their intelligence, their minds are not entirely focused on learning, but always thinking about fun things. They don't really study a certain knowledge point in depth, and if they don't understand it, they won't delve into it. In other words, they have never really looked at their own problems, and they are even less likely to study the gaps in their knowledge.
2) Three methods of accurate self-examination, there is no way to escape the loopholes
1) Source self-check: self-check with checklist
2) Result self-check: self-check according to the output
1) Analyze the test paper
1) Identify weak sectors
2) Identify weak links
3) Find out the reasons for losing points
4) Ask questions for self-examination
1) Have I really learned everything?
2) Can I use this knowledge to solve problems?
3) What went wrong during my exam?
1) Carelessness in exams
2) Exam mentality
3) Time issue
2) Analyze the work
If your study is not for exams, but to acquire a certain skill through study
3) Others help test: find these two kinds of people
1) Find an expert
2) Find students
weakness
1) What do you think you did not explain clearly or clearly?
2) What the other party doesn’t understand
3) What you don’t understand and the other party doesn’t understand
3) Really win: if you do these three points, you can learn everything thoroughly
1) Critical start: within 72 hours, start from where you can
1) It doesn’t matter where you start, it’s what you start with that matters
Start where you can, anywhere you can
When you start making changes, you will encounter problems; when you encounter problems, you have to solve them; when you solve enough problems, you will find that your performance has improved a lot. The knowledge that I didn’t understand before was also understood and learned in this process.
2) Action must be taken within 72 hours, otherwise it may never start
"Puppy Money" "72-Hour Rule" - When you decide to do something, you must actually take action within 72 hours, otherwise you will probably never do it again."
3) Apply the known to the unknown, this is the easiest way to start
The learning of anything is interlinked. When you self-examine the part that you have not understood, you can ask yourself whether this part of knowledge is related to the knowledge you have already mastered and whether it can be used in the study of this part of knowledge. There is nothing new under the sun, everything is connected, and the underlying logic of many things is the same. When you use known knowledge to understand new knowledge, you can quickly find a breakthrough, and the following things will be It's become simple.
2) Overcome difficult points: focus deeply and attack one at a time
1) Take the initiative to explore rather than passively accept
2) Calm down and eliminate all distractions
3) Concentrate your efforts and solve one problem at a time
3) Use external forces: Let foreign aid play a real role
1) When do you need to rely on external force?
1) The learning effect is relatively poor and cannot keep up with the pace of learning.
2) You study hard but never make a breakthrough
1) The current method is not suitable for what you are learning now
2) Learning ability and cognitive ability have reached their limit, and new knowledge has exceeded your ability and cognitive scope.
Tips: At this time, external forces do not need to teach you many things. It is possible that knowledge can help you find your problems and give you a targeted study plan. Maybe, sometimes I just need to give you some tips and you will understand. With additional hard work, you can break through the bottleneck and improve your performance. The process is more like learning consultation. Therefore, the external force you are looking for must be those very capable teachers who can understand you at once, see through the essence, peel off the cocoon and extract the thread, find your problem, and give you the corresponding solution.
3) Raise scores suddenly before the exam, and scientifically achieve "cramming"
Tutoring classes and training classes specially designed to quickly improve exam scores
4) If you want to learn better than ordinary people, you need to increase your intensity
Prepare for the CET-4 exam according to CET-6 standards. This learning method is called the "dimension-raising and then dimension-reducing" learning method. This is a difficult task. If you can use external help, you can go more smoothly.
2) Two steps for selecting foreign aid
1) Clarify the purpose of borrowing external forces
Clearly define the goals of using external forces (quickly improve scores, improve efficiency, break through bottlenecks). You can have all of them, but they must be prioritized. Prioritize the achievement of the first goal. When the first and second goals conflict, the second goal gives way to the first goal.
The clearer you force yourself to think about your purpose, the better your learning efficiency will be.
2) Choose the “right external force” scientifically
"Teachers" at each level "think and teach" differently. Good teachers and foreign aid must both “understand teaching” and “understand knowledge”
3) The biggest role of making good use of external forces may not be to teach you lessons.
Teach you, after you learn, it is more about giving you feedback (answering questions, providing learning feedback, the effect will be better)
Part 4: Multiple output, truly putting knowledge to use
1) Expression output, three applications of Feynman learning method
1) Tell others
1) The person you are explaining to does not understand this knowledge, or does not understand it thoroughly
2) The person you are explaining to should give you feedback so that you can make an accurate judgment about yourself through its feedback.
3) Learn again based on feedback and simplify your expression
2) Tell it to yourself
1) Talk to yourself, ask and answer questions to yourself
2) Speak to yourself first, then listen to yourself
3) Write to yourself
2) Problem solving type output, how to solve the problem for the best effect
1) Effectively answering questions is a process of constantly breaking through the comfort zone
Don't just answer questions that you know how to do or that are difficult, but answer questions that you can "jump up to" and can do with hard work, and force yourself to improve.
2) Special topic brushing, a once and for all method of brushing up questions
1) Why the special topic? Why can it be done once and for all?
The core method of topic brushing is to focus on a certain type of questions or a certain type of knowledge section for a period of time. During the process of answering questions, you need to summarize and study this kind of questions in depth, which is equivalent to thinking about this thing in your head for a period of time. The efficiency of answering questions is definitely the best.
2) Solve special topics and master the four golden steps
1) Review knowledge
Thematic questions correspond to the corresponding knowledge sections. According to the minimalist three-step learning method: deeply digest the knowledge and then output it. Therefore, it is necessary to review the corresponding knowledge. If you didn’t understand it before, you need to digest it deeply again to ensure that you really understand this part of the knowledge.
Understand the knowledge first before starting to answer special questions, rather than starting when you have only half-understood knowledge.
2) First time answering questions
3) Summarize the rules
Find common problem-solving methods and problem-solving ideas in this type of problem. Obtain the "master key" to answer such questions
4) Review the questions for the second time
3) Examination output, how to scientifically score points
1) Interesting triangular relationships in the exam
2) Possessing the thinking of a question maker is a prerequisite for high scores in exams
1) What is the question maker’s thinking?
The question maker is a "man who dances in chains." The larger the exam, the more standardized the requirements and strict question standards. For example, every question on the examination paper must have corresponding test points in the examination syllabus. The meaning of the question, description, questions, and solutions, even in alphabetical order, must be quoted in the textbook.
When seeing a topic, everyone has their own first thought and cognition. If your thinking and cognition are exactly the same as the person who asked the question, then you can solve this question smoothly.
2) How to train the question maker’s thinking
1) Study the real questions: Find patterns from the real questions
2) Develop a habit: Ask yourself more about what knowledge points you want to test in this question
No matter which question you take, you must make yourself think about what knowledge point this question is testing.
3) Reference answer learning method: the guarantee of getting high scores in the exam
1) Why reference answers are so important
0) If you know the marking teacher’s preferences very well and the answers you write meet the marking teacher’s standards as much as possible, you can also get high scores.
1) Standard answers to previous real questions
2) High-quality tutoring materials and reference answers to simulation questions
2) Learn the three keys and four steps of reference answers
1) Three keys
Answer structure
The skeleton of the answer (the structure that connects the entire answer), knowing how to organize the answer, with clear logic and strict system. Avoid "writing wherever you think"
score points
Scoring keywords and key steps
Course terminology
1) Find time to focus on the reference answers of a certain subject, single out the "subject terms", study, understand and memorize them carefully
2) Get a small notebook specifically for accumulating subject terms, and use them deliberately when doing questions.
2) Four steps
1) Answer
Answer it yourself first: Write the answer yourself first
2) look
Compare again: Compare again the difference with the standard answer
3) Repair
Comparative correction: modify your own answer based on the standard answer
4) Answer
Then answer by yourself: Answer by yourself until it is consistent with the standard answer
3) Summarize the answer template and secure high scores
4) Practical application and grasp the "33 principles"
1) After learning the knowledge, use it at least 3 times
2) Grasp the essence and draw inferences from one instance to other cases
5) What makes perfect is how to do it with deliberate practice
1) Targeted practice
2) Break through the boundaries of capabilities little by little
3) Provide feedback during practice
Part 5: The best state, three good helpers for minimalist learning
1) Fall in love with learning in three steps and gain endless motivation
1) Push down the dream and awaken the desire in the heart
With a strong desire to realize your dreams, you will work harder on your studies
2) Visualize dreams to make motivation more reliable
Psychological research shows that people are more afraid of losing than gaining. When you have seen and experienced it yourself, you will have a feeling of "already have it". Because you don't want to lose this sense of ownership, you want it even more. Of course, when you want something, you are more motivated.
3) Reward yourself, the more you learn, the more motivated you will be
Learning is sometimes very hard, and you need to be able to endure loneliness. You have to learn to enjoy the hardship, reward yourself for your continuous progress, and learn to applaud yourself, so that you will become more motivated as you learn.
2) Don’t be obsessed with self-discipline, habits are actually more important
1) The “limited nature” of self-discipline determines its unreliability
2) Habit is a more reliable choice
Fixed study time
Fixed learning methods (tools)
Fixed study place
3) Get rid of procrastination in just three seconds
1) Accept that “everyone procrastinates”
2) Let’s start: a small three-second ceremony
Say "1, 2, 3" silently in your mind and start your study immediately. As long as the action starts, it is possible to continue
3) Keep doing it: Just do it for 2 minutes first
Now that it’s started, let’s do it for two minutes! It doesn’t matter whether it can learn something or whether it can do something. It doesn’t matter. Just do it for 2 minutes first. Even if I can’t do it, I can still do it for 2 minutes. Even if 2 minutes does not produce any results, it is a waste of 2 minutes. Compared with 24 hours a day and decades of life, this is really nothing to regret. At worst, just do it for 2 minutes and then stop, so what can I do?
After you start doing it, if your body rejects it or your mind feels conflicted, then try saying the above words to yourself. I believe you can do it for 2 minutes
Again, if you don’t believe it, try it. After trying it, you will definitely tell me: It turns out that I can really continue to learn, and I don’t seem to procrastinate anymore.
4) Do the hard things first: higher ranks eliminate procrastination
If you do the easy things first, you will keep avoiding the difficult things, and you will keep procrastinating in the process of doing things.
Change the order of things and delay gratification
Minimalist three-step method → Special topic brushing