MindMap Gallery Deliberate Practice-Reading Notes Series
Read the entire book "Deliberate Practice" with one picture, a super comprehensive and super clear mind map. [Difficulty point] The most important obstacle is thinking, which requires a high degree of concentration and can make people exhausted. It may even take decades. Repeat this process every day.
Edited at 2023-09-25 09:56:44This is a mind map about bacteria, and its main contents include: overview, morphology, types, structure, reproduction, distribution, application, and expansion. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
This is a mind map about plant asexual reproduction, and its main contents include: concept, spore reproduction, vegetative reproduction, tissue culture, and buds. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
This is a mind map about the reproductive development of animals, and its main contents include: insects, frogs, birds, sexual reproduction, and asexual reproduction. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
This is a mind map about bacteria, and its main contents include: overview, morphology, types, structure, reproduction, distribution, application, and expansion. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
This is a mind map about plant asexual reproduction, and its main contents include: concept, spore reproduction, vegetative reproduction, tissue culture, and buds. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
This is a mind map about the reproductive development of animals, and its main contents include: insects, frogs, birds, sexual reproduction, and asexual reproduction. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
Genius comes from "Deliberate Practice" ——Jeff Colvin, USA
Deliberate practice outline
Lots of deliberate practice = great achievements
What exactly does it take to practice?
How to do?
What special skills are required?
Where does the necessary passion come from?
[Difficulty points] The most important obstacle is thinking, which requires a high degree of concentration and can make people exhausted. It may even take decades to repeat the process.
The scarce resource is no longer money, but human ability. There are many business models that use a small amount of financial capital and a large amount of human capital to create amazing wealth.
[Microsoft] used US$30 billion in capital to create approximately US$221 billion
[Google] used US$5 billion in capital to create US$124 billion
They said that the company’s [core competency is recruitment], and they know very well what the scarce resources are.
[General Company] is looking for people with 4 characteristics:
energy
Can inspire others
determination
Execution ability
[Pepsi] Using US$34 billion in capital, it only created US$73 billion
[Procter & Gamble] Used US$83 billion in capital to create only US$126 billion
Misunderstandings about talent
talent
It's a natural ability that allows you to do something better than most people
exists in almost any field
People are born with similar abilities, but these abilities are developed to different degrees over the course of their lives.
People's achievements are mainly determined by how much they practice
Talent is not a gift given by nature
The growth experience of geniuses
There is currently no evidence that a particular human genome can be linked to a certain talent.
Example: [Mozart] became Mozart through astonishing hard work
Example: [Woods] was asked about the reason for his extraordinary achievements, and his father and son gave the same answer; "Practice hard."
Example: [Welch] He received his master's and doctorate degrees in chemistry from the University of Illinois. He was 25 years old when he entered the society, but he still couldn't determine his direction. He studied at Syracuse University and West Virginia He looked for a teaching position at the university and decided to work in chemical research and development at General Electric Company.
Example: [Bill Gates] His software technology cannot be the key to his success. The key to success lies in his various abilities to start and run a large enterprise.
Example: [Rockefeller] A woman who tutored the young Rockefeller recalled: "I don't remember Rockefeller ever excelling in anything. I just remember that he worked hard at everything he did. He didn't talk much, but he was very diligent in studying."
Example: [Warren Buffett] Buffett's father is a stockbroker and investor, and little Buffett admires his father very much, so it is not surprising that he is obsessed with stocks and investments. Buffett worked in his father's company when he was 11 years old, so he was able to understand investment at a young age, but there is no evidence that he was very good at investment and financial management at a young age.
[Talent] is far from as important as we usually think, and it does not play as decisive a role as we think.
The relationship between intelligence and achievement
Ordinary people have extraordinary potential and can possess amazing abilities after training
The IQ (Intelligence Quotient) test consists of 10 sub-items, covering information, arithmetic, vocabulary, comprehension, drawing, group design, object assembly, decoding, image arrangement, analogy)
EQ (emotional intelligence) also includes many factors (self-control, enthusiasm, tenacity)
Diligence can make everything different
Intelligence and memory make a real difference to high achievement
Excellence does not come from simple repetition
Diligence makes everything different
Design exercises for your own special needs
The benefits of practice are cumulative
Simple "practice makes perfect" is not high-intensity "deliberate practice"
Passion is real motivation
Inherent power
Intrinsic motivation and the need for deliberate practice come together to form a specific mechanism
Flow: A person is completely immersed in a certain task, time seems to slow down, the person's mood becomes very happy, and the work seems effortless.
The concept of flow is the motivation for relentless practice
Multiplier effect: Every increase in ability leads to a better environment, which then further improves their abilities.
The multiplier effect can stimulate people's enterprising spirit
external motivation
Extrinsic motivation is very effective in strengthening intrinsic motivation
External motivation can help things get going and serve as motivation and stimulation.
Note: Some external motivations limit creative development
Top players are aware of what they need to do to reach the highest level. They are no longer satisfied with just receiving praise from others. They are motivated by inner motivation.
Cost-benefit analysis
Paul Dirac, who won the Nobel Prize in Physics (1928) at the age of 26, wrote a famous poem that illustrates this point: "Of course age is a frightening thing / for every physicist Everyone is afraid of it/When a person is over 30 years old/It is better to die quietly.”
The greatest value of a positive family is that it enables a person to start developing earlier.
Creativity is trained
The life cycle of the business model of sales companies has been shortened. In the past, a good business model could allow you to live comfortably for 30-40 years. Now large companies have to update their business models every 3-4 years. To survive in today's era, , using it for 8-10 years is already heaven.
Scientific and technological innovation comes from the power of correct thinking, including creativity, imagination, empathy, aesthetics, etc.
The essence of the principles of deliberate practice and outstanding achievement tells us that in order to find creative ways to solve problems, knowledge is your friend, not your enemy, and the more the better. It also tells us that innovation is not a lightning bolt and will not be indulged in. Passing away, unpredictable.
In any field, outstanding people have a deliberate practice of a "10-year plan"
Example: The 7 greatest creators of the early 20th century: Einstein, Eliot, Freud, Mahatma Gandhi, Graham, Picasso and Igor Stravinsky
Team excellence rules
Economic growth is not brought about by financial capital, but by human capital
People's abilities can better determine the success or failure of an enterprise
Talent development: About 2/3 comes from careful work arrangements, 1/3 comes from guidance and coaching, and only a small part comes from classroom training.
Example: Lafley, President of Procter & Gamble, said: The knowledge you learn during a crisis is 10 times that of what you learn under normal circumstances.
Example: Whirlpool CEO Jeff Fettich: A large part of the reason why I am where I am today is because of the help of several people, especially during my long career before I became famous. They provided me with guidance and consultation. It has been of great help to my development.
Example: Colonel Thomas Colditz of West Point Military Academy said: Over the past 25 years, [the summary system] has fundamentally changed the military.
Example: General Electric Company has a very strict incentive system. 25% of the variable salary of managers depends on talent development. The General Electric Croton School of Management, located in northern New York City, is a beautiful campus covering an area of 52 acres.
GE's real product is not light bulbs or electric motors, but business leaders, and cultivating business leaders has been the company's focus since its inception.
Outstanding Achievement Principle
Essential elements: well-designed practice activities, coaching, repetition, feedback, self-regulation, building knowledge, and building mental models
The principle of outstanding achievement can be used for both individual development and team development.
team
Building great teams involves being good at or solving side effects
Wrong member
lack of trust
Lack of ideas
Conflict cannot be resolved
Unwilling to face real problems
practice in life
Opportunities abound - as long as we look at our work in new ways
Practice directly
Try to improve a specific aspect of your skills, lots of repetition, immediate feedback
Practice at work
Self-regulation before work
Key: Attitude and Confidence
Set goals, determine what you will do, and plan how to achieve your goals.
The best people create the most detailed, technically oriented plans, thinking precisely about how to achieve their goals rather than thinking vaguely.
Self-regulation at work
Key: self-observation, self-awareness
Self-regulation after work
Key: Self-Assessment
Find out the reasons for the mistakes and make a deep and strict review of yourself
creating a powerful self-reinforcing cycle
deepen your knowledge
Deep expertise is important to perform well
At work, you don’t have to wait for knowledge to come to you, you can pursue knowledge
Learn the history of the industry, identify the leaders, access all the information you can get, get a multi-faceted view of the industry, and track key statistics and important trends
When you increase your industry knowledge, it is important to note that your goal is not to collect a large amount of information, you are to build a mental model, a picture of how your brain works systematically.
The defining characteristic of great achievers: They have highly developed, sophisticated mental models of their fields.
Mental models can be improved through deliberate practice or improving self-awareness at work, and of course, learning and enhancing knowledge, deliberately building and enriching mental models.
Learn [the most important ability]
Intense, deliberate practice can completely transform your body and brain
Learn more
Example: High-level professional golfers will know where the serve will land earlier than ordinary players.
Example: Having extremely fast reaction speed (professional golfers attach great importance to deliberate practice)
The average player's eyes are focused on the ball. The best players often don't look at the ball. They look at their opponent's hips, shoulders and arms. These areas can tell in advance where the opponent is going to hit the ball. [Because they found a way to respond quickly without speeding up their reaction speed. This is the direction of deliberate practice]
The eyes of experts are not sharper in the usual sense. When watching the same film, the difference is not in what they can see, but in what they can perceive and understand.
[After deliberate practice] The sense of symptoms is stronger
[After deliberate practice] See further
[After deliberate practice] Decision-making ability becomes stronger and stronger
[After deliberate practice] Have better discernment
know more
Great achievements do not come from profound knowledge, but from superb thinking methods and thinking abilities
The critical role of knowledge requires that outstanding people develop another key trait
remember more
Concept: The average short-term memory can only remember 7 things
The superb abilities possessed by outstanding people do not happen by chance. They are based on a deep understanding of the field and can only be acquired through years of practice.
The principle of deliberate practice
elements
clear and planned
to improve performance
Can be repeated many times
Teacher help is often needed
Feedback on results is available on an ongoing basis
feature
Designed to improve performance
Clearly identify areas that need improvement and then focus on practicing to improve them
Able to continuously extend one’s existing abilities
Choose where you need to improve
Note: The first challenge when designing a deliberate practice system is how to determine the next action steps.
Can be repeated multiple times
Choose exercises of reasonable intensity in the study area
The amount of repetition reaches the point of tedium
Example: A batsman continues to practice hitting until his hands bleed.
Very troublesome
Requires focus and concentration
Practicing for 4-5 hours in a day should be the upper limit of deliberate practice, and each exercise session can only last 60-90 minutes, because high concentration is very strenuous.
not much fun
We can practice not doing things that we are good at, but looking for things that we are not good at.
Find those things that you find painful and difficult but that make you better, and then repeat them over and over again.
Feedback on results is available on an ongoing basis
Practice without feedback and practice without visible results is ineffective.
When practicing without directly seeing the results, a teacher, coach or mentor is needed to help provide important feedback.