MindMap Gallery A brief summary of the five process groups of PMP
What are the five process groups of PMP project management? Taking the five major process groups as the main line, I organized the 49 ITTOs one by one. I hope it will be helpful to everyone.
Edited at 2024-09-05 09:21:40Rumi: 10 dimensions of spiritual awakening. When you stop looking for yourself, you will find the entire universe because what you are looking for is also looking for you. Anything you do persevere every day can open a door to the depths of your spirit. In silence, I slipped into the secret realm, and I enjoyed everything to observe the magic around me, and didn't make any noise. Why do you like to crawl when you are born with wings? The soul has its own ears and can hear things that the mind cannot understand. Seek inward for the answer to everything, everything in the universe is in you. Lovers do not end up meeting somewhere, and there is no parting in this world. A wound is where light enters your heart.
Chronic heart failure is not just a problem of the speed of heart rate! It is caused by the decrease in myocardial contraction and diastolic function, which leads to insufficient cardiac output, which in turn causes congestion in the pulmonary circulation and congestion in the systemic circulation. From causes, inducement to compensation mechanisms, the pathophysiological processes of heart failure are complex and diverse. By controlling edema, reducing the heart's front and afterload, improving cardiac comfort function, and preventing and treating basic causes, we can effectively respond to this challenge. Only by understanding the mechanisms and clinical manifestations of heart failure and mastering prevention and treatment strategies can we better protect heart health.
Ischemia-reperfusion injury is a phenomenon that cellular function and metabolic disorders and structural damage will worsen after organs or tissues restore blood supply. Its main mechanisms include increased free radical generation, calcium overload, and the role of microvascular and leukocytes. The heart and brain are common damaged organs, manifested as changes in myocardial metabolism and ultrastructural changes, decreased cardiac function, etc. Prevention and control measures include removing free radicals, reducing calcium overload, improving metabolism and controlling reperfusion conditions, such as low sodium, low temperature, low pressure, etc. Understanding these mechanisms can help develop effective treatment options and alleviate ischemic injury.
Rumi: 10 dimensions of spiritual awakening. When you stop looking for yourself, you will find the entire universe because what you are looking for is also looking for you. Anything you do persevere every day can open a door to the depths of your spirit. In silence, I slipped into the secret realm, and I enjoyed everything to observe the magic around me, and didn't make any noise. Why do you like to crawl when you are born with wings? The soul has its own ears and can hear things that the mind cannot understand. Seek inward for the answer to everything, everything in the universe is in you. Lovers do not end up meeting somewhere, and there is no parting in this world. A wound is where light enters your heart.
Chronic heart failure is not just a problem of the speed of heart rate! It is caused by the decrease in myocardial contraction and diastolic function, which leads to insufficient cardiac output, which in turn causes congestion in the pulmonary circulation and congestion in the systemic circulation. From causes, inducement to compensation mechanisms, the pathophysiological processes of heart failure are complex and diverse. By controlling edema, reducing the heart's front and afterload, improving cardiac comfort function, and preventing and treating basic causes, we can effectively respond to this challenge. Only by understanding the mechanisms and clinical manifestations of heart failure and mastering prevention and treatment strategies can we better protect heart health.
Ischemia-reperfusion injury is a phenomenon that cellular function and metabolic disorders and structural damage will worsen after organs or tissues restore blood supply. Its main mechanisms include increased free radical generation, calcium overload, and the role of microvascular and leukocytes. The heart and brain are common damaged organs, manifested as changes in myocardial metabolism and ultrastructural changes, decreased cardiac function, etc. Prevention and control measures include removing free radicals, reducing calcium overload, improving metabolism and controlling reperfusion conditions, such as low sodium, low temperature, low pressure, etc. Understanding these mechanisms can help develop effective treatment options and alleviate ischemic injury.
Five process groups
start process group
4.1 Develop a project charter
enter
business documents
business case report
Market demand
organizational needs
Customer requirements
skill improved
Legal requirements
ecological impact
social needs
Benefit Management Plan
protocol
Define the original intention of starting the project
business environment factors
organizational process assets
Tools & Techniques
expert judgment
organizational strategy
Benefit management
Technical knowledge of your industry and areas of focus
Duration and budget estimate
Risk Identification
data collection
Brainstorming
Gain access to massive amounts of data, solutions and ideas in a short amount of time through subject matter experts and team members
focus group
Stakeholders and subject matter experts come together to discuss risks, success criteria, and other topics
Interview
Have one-on-one conversations with stakeholders to understand high-level requirements, assumptions, constraints, approval criteria, etc.
Interpersonal and team skills
conflict management
Helps stakeholders agree on high-level content (goals, requirements, descriptions, overall milestones, etc.)
guide
Ability to effectively guide group events to successfully reach decisions, solutions, or conclusions. Ensure effective participation of participants and fully support conclusions or results in accordance with established decision-making processes
Conference management
Prepare meeting-related documents and send follow-up meeting minutes and action plans, etc.
Meeting
Identify goals, standards, key deliverables, high-level requirements, overall milestones, etc. with key stakeholders
output
Project Charter
Published by the sponsor to reach consensus on key deliverables, milestones, and project participant roles and responsibilities
Hypothetical log
Assumptions and constraints
13.1 Identifying interested parties
enter
Project Charter
Make a list of key stakeholders
business documents
business case report
Benefit Management Plan
Describe how the project benefits, possibly identifying individuals and groups who are considered interested parties because of the benefits
project management plan
communication management plan
Information is the main basis for understanding project stakeholders
Stakeholder Engagement Plan
Determine strategies and measures to effectively guide stakeholder participation
project files
Change log
Changes may introduce new interested parties or alter the nature of existing relationships
Problem log
Issues may introduce new stakeholders or change the type of participation of existing stakeholders
requirements document
Can provide information about potential interested parties
Agreement (Supplier Subcontracting Agreement)
business environment factors
organizational process assets
Tools & Techniques
expert judgment
data collection
Questionnaire
Fake fast, diverse audiences, need to be completed quickly, suitable for statistical analysis, but not very effective
Brainstorming
data analysis
File analysis
Evaluate existing project documents and past experiences and lessons learned, and identify relevant parties
Stakeholder analysis
Generate a list of interested parties and other information through analysis of interests, rights, ownership, knowledge, contributions, etc.
Data performance
Stakeholder mapping analysis/performance
Rights/interests grid, power/influence grid (two dimensions)
Correlated Cube (3D)
Salient model (applicable to large-scale overseas projects)
Power (the influence of authority on project results)
Urgency/significant interest demands
Legitimacy (appropriateness of participation)
Meeting
An understanding is reached between key stakeholders
guided seminar
guided seminar
virtual group discussion
output
Interested Party Register
Identity Information
Assessment information
Main needs
expect
impact potential
Classification
change request
Progressive elaboration identifies new interested parties to propose changes to the product, project management plan, or project documents
Project Management Plan Update
demand management plan
New identification affects demand activities
communication management plan
Document stakeholder communication requirements and established communication strategies
risk management plan
Communication requirements and communication strategies influence the approach to managing risk
Stakeholder Engagement Plan
Document agreed communication strategy for identified interested parties
Project file updates
Hypothetical log
A wealth of information about relative power, interests, and stakeholder involvement is recorded in the hypothesis log
Problem log
New problems should be recorded as new
risk register
New risks are identified during this process and managed through the risk management process
planning process group
4.2 Develop project management plan
enter
Project Charter
Output from other processes
Subplans and baselines for other process outputs
business environment factors
organizational process assets
Tools & Techniques
expert judgment
Determine required resources and skill levels
Define configuration management levels
Determine which project documents are subject to formal change control
Prioritize work and allocate resources to the right work at the right time
data collection
Brainstorming
Checklist
Guidance in formulating or helping to check whether all required information is included
focus group
Discuss how the components are integrated
Interview
Obtain specific information from interested parties
Interpersonal and team skills
conflict management
Achieve consensus among diverse stakeholders
guide
Ensure effective participation of participants
Conference management
Agree on project management plan
Meeting
Kick-off meeting, attended by key parties involved in the project, to clarify roles and responsibilities and review milestones, risks, communication management plan, progress plan, etc.
output
project management plan
5.1Plan project scope
enter
Project Charter
project management plan
quality management plan
The way in which the organization's quality policies, methods, and standards are implemented affects the way in which project scope and product scope are managed.
Project life cycle description
Define a series of phases for a project from inception to completion
development method
Define which development approach will be used for the project
business environment factors
organizational process assets
Tools & Techniques
expert judgment
Similar projects in the past
Specific industries and fields
data analysis
Alternatives Analysis
. . .
Evaluate various methods for gathering requirements, detailing project and product scope, creating products, validating scope, and controlling scope
Meeting
Convene a meeting to formulate
output
scope management plan
Describe how the project scope will be defined, developed, monitored, controlled, and validated
How to create a scope statement
How to create a WBS
How to approve maintenance scope baselines
How to formally accept deliverables
demand management plan
Describe how to analyze, document, and manage project and product requirements
How to plan, track and report on requirements
How to configure management activities
How to prioritize requirements
Metrics to measure and reasons for using them
A tracking structure that reflects which requirement attributes will be included in the tracking matrix
5.2 Collect requirements
enter
Project Charter
project management plan
scope management plan
demand management plan
Stakeholder Engagement Plan
Understand stakeholder communication needs and participation levels to assess and adapt to stakeholder participation in required activities
project files
Hypothetical log
Identify assumptions about requirements
Lessons Learned Register
Provide effective requirements gathering techniques
Interested Party Register
Understand which stakeholders can provide requirements and document stakeholder needs and expectations
business documents
business case
Expectations and standards that should be met to meet requirements
protocol
business environment factors
organizational process assets
Tools & Techniques
expert judgment
business analysis
Requirements acquisition
demand analysis
requirements document
Previous similar project requirements
Illustration techniques
guide
conflict management
data collection
Brainstorming
Generate and collect diverse ideas for requirements
Interview
So slow
focus group
Questionnaire
Fake fast
Benchmarking
data analysis
File analysis
Analyze existing documents with reference to past experience
decision making
vote
unanimously agreed
A relative majority agrees
Most agree
Multi-criteria decision analysis
Delphi technique
Prevent personal influence
Data performance
Affinity diagram
Classify large amounts of ideas
mind Mapping
Based on targeted divergence of categories, brainstorming ideas are integrated into a picture to reflect commonalities and differences and inspire new ideas.
Interpersonal and team skills
nominal group technique
Facilitate brainstorming and prioritization of ideas through voting
observe/talk
When product users find it difficult to describe, they need to observe to understand the working details.
guide
JAD (jointly developed by Party A and Party B)
QFD (Quality Function Deployment)
Objectively classify and prioritize collected customer needs and set goals for implementation
User stories (key needs that users focus on)
A brief description of the required functionality, the roles, goals, and motivations of the relevant parties
System interaction diagram
Show how business systems interact with people and other systems
prototype method
Build a prototype first to get early feedback on the requirements. Reduce risk, manage agile performance
output
requirements document
Business needs (high-level needs)
Stakeholder needs
Solution requirements
Functional Requirements
non-functional requirements
Transition and readiness needs
Project requirements
quality requirements
Requirements Tracking Matrix
Traceability
Guaranteed business value
5.3 Define scope
enter
Project Charter
high level requirements
project management plan
scope management plan
scope management methodology
project files
Hypothetical log
Various assumptions and constraints
requirements document
Requirements that should be included in the scope
risk register
Document risk response strategies for possible scope of impact
business environment factors
organizational process assets
Tools & Techniques
expert judgment
data analysis
Alternatives Analysis
Evaluate how to achieve the requirements and goals in the project charter. There may be more than one solution to achieve the product scope, and select the appropriate solution through alternatives analysis.
decision making
Multi-criteria decision analysis
Techniques using systems analysis methods with the aid of decision matrices
Interpersonal and team skills
guide
Achieve cross-functional consensus among different key stakeholders
product analysis
A tool used to define scope on projects with products as deliverables
output
project scope statement
detailed
Verifiable
specific
Project file updates
Hypothetical log
Identify more assumptions and constraints as the scope evolves
requirements document
Identify additional requirements to add or modify the requirements document
Requirements Tracking Matrix
Updated as requirements documents are updated
Interested Party Register
New stakeholders are identified during the scope definition process and documented
5.4 Create WBS
enter
project management plan
scope management plan
project files
project scope statement
Describe what needs to be done and what is not included
requirements document
Describe how a single requirement meets a business need
business environment factors
organizational process assets
Tools & Techniques
expert judgment
break down
Deliverables driven
Each deliverable and work package should have a single final owner
logical meaning and cannot be subdivided logically
The construction period and cost can be clearly estimated, and risks can be controlled
3-5 layers of structure tree are enough
output
Scope Baseline
scope statement
WBS
WBS Dictionary
Project file updates
Hypothetical log
Identify more assumptions and constraints as the scope evolves
requirements document
Update to reflect approved changes during this process
6.1 Planning progress management
enter
Project Charter
project management plan
scope management plan
Describe how scope is defined and developed to inform schedule planning
development method
Helps define scheduling methods, estimating techniques, scheduling tools, and techniques used to control schedules.
business environment factors
organizational process assets
Tools & Techniques
expert judgment
data analysis
Alternatives Analysis
Determine which scheduling method to use
Determine the level of detail in the schedule, the duration of rolling planning, and the frequency of reviews and updates
Meeting
output
progress management plan
6.2 Define activities
enter
project management plan
progress management plan
Scope Baseline
When defining activities, clearly consider the WBS, deliverables, constraints, and assumptions
business environment factors
organizational process assets
Tools & Techniques
expert judgment
break down
Break down work packages into activities
rolling planning
Far and near detailed
Meeting
Participants work together to define the activities required to complete the work
output
Activity list
Contains required progress activities for the project
Activity properties
Identify multiple attributes of activities based on the checklist and improve the detailed description of the activities
Milestone List
Description of important time points or events of the project, indicating mandatory milestones or optional milestones, and the milestone duration is 0
change request
After defining the project baseline, you will find work that should not be part of the project baseline, and you need to propose changes.
Project Management Plan Update
cost basis
After the schedule activity changes are approved, corresponding changes need to be made to the cost baseline.
progress baseline
During the progressive detailing process, work that does not belong to the baseline will be discovered, and the delivery date or important milestone of the baseline needs to be modified.
6.3 Sequence activities
enter
project management plan
progress management plan
Scope Baseline
When sequencing activities, clearly consider the WBS, deliverables, constraints, and assumptions
project files
Activity properties
It may describe an inevitable sequence or a certain immediate and immediate relationship, and define lead and lag amounts, as well as the logical relationship between activities.
Activity list
List all progress activities to be sorted
Hypothetical log
Assumptions and constraints affect how activities are sequenced and have the potential to create risks that impact the project
Milestone List
Specific milestone achievement dates may have been listed, which may affect the ordering
business environment factors
organizational process assets
Tools & Techniques
predecessor relationship drawing method
Determine and integrate dependencies
mandatory dependence
Objective constraints such as legal or contractual requirements or the inherent nature of the work
selective dependence
Select optimal dependencies based on specific application areas
internal dependencies
Antecedent relationships between project activities, usually within the control of the project team
external dependencies
Dependencies between project activities and non-project activities are not controlled by the project team
lead and lag
Hysteresis does not count towards activity duration
project management information system
Helps with planning, organizing and sequencing
output
Project progress network diagram
Project file updates
Activity properties
Activity list
Hypothetical log
Assumptions and constraints may need to be updated
Milestone List
6.4 Estimate activity duration
enter
project management plan
progress management plan
Scope Baseline
WBS dictionary includes technical details that may affect effort and duration estimates
project files
Activity properties
Activity list
Hypothetical log
Lessons Learned Register
Lessons learned can be applied to subsequent phases of the project to improve estimation accuracy
Milestone List
Project team dispatches work orders
Staff the project
resource breakdown structure
Provides a hierarchy of identified resources
Resource Calendar
Resource availability, type, and nature affect schedule activity duration
Resource requirements
Estimated demand has an impact on activity duration
risk register
Individual project risks may impact resource selection and availability
business environment factors
organizational process assets
Tools & Techniques
expert judgment
analogy estimation
Roughest estimate and requires previous experience
parameter estimation
Not too rough with formulas and requires previous experience
three point estimate
More accurate
Bottom-up estimation
most accurate
data analysis
Alternatives Analysis
Compare different decisions, weighing resource, cost, and duration variables to determine the best approach
Reserve analysis
Determine contingency reserves and management reserves
Contingency reserves to address identified risks (known unknowns)
Manage reserves to deal with unforeseen work (unknown unknown)
decision making
vote
Meeting
Conduct meetings to estimate duration, discuss prioritized product backlog and decide which backlog will be worked on in the next iteration
output
duration estimate
Quantitative evaluation without any lag
Estimate basis
Estimate the amount and type of supporting information needed
Project file updates
Activity properties
The duration estimate of the output will be recorded in the activity properties
Hypothetical log
Assumptions made for estimating duration and constraints on schedule methodologies and development tools
Lessons Learned Register
Techniques that can increase effective and efficient estimating
6.5 Develop a progress plan
enter
project management plan
progress management plan
Scope Baseline
project files
Activity properties
Activity list
Hypothetical log
Estimate basis
duration estimate
Lessons Learned Register
Milestone List
Project progress network diagram
Project team dispatches work orders
Resource Calendar
Resource requirements
risk register
protocol
The speed of progress depends on fulfilling the contract commitments
business environment factors
organizational process assets
Tools & Techniques
Progress network analysis
A comprehensive technique for creating project schedule models
critical path method
Resource optimization
resource balancing
Possible changes to the critical path
Resource smoothing
Do not change the critical path
Resource optimization does not speed up project progress
lead and lag
data analysis
What-if scenario analysis
Evaluate various scenarios to predict impact on objectives
simulation
Monte Carlo analysis
Progress compression
rush work
When CPI>1, it is possible to use
Quick follow up
Clearly state that quality requirements are not high and project risks are low
project management information system
Agile release planning
output
progress baseline
Approved schedule model
Project schedule
Progress network diagram
bar chart
Show it to the project team
progress milestone chart
Show it to senior management
progress data
milestone
progress activity
Activity properties
. . .
Project Calendar
Available days and work shifts for progress activities for the entire team
change request
Modifications to the project scope or project schedule that result in changes to the scope baseline or other components of the project management plan
Project Management Plan Update
progress management plan
cost basis
After changes to scope, resources, and cost estimates are approved, corresponding changes need to be made to the cost baseline.
Project file updates
Activity properties
Hypothetical log
Updated to reflect changes in assumptions discovered when creating the schedule model
Lessons Learned Register
duration estimate
Resource quantity and availability and activity dependencies may cause duration changes
Resource requirements
If the resource balancing analysis changes resource requirements, update accordingly
risk register
Updated to reflect opportunities and threats implied by changes in assumptions
7.1 Planning cost management
enter
Project Charter
Specifies pre-approved financial resources
project management plan
progress management plan
Provides processes and control methods affecting cost estimation and management
risk management plan
Provides processes and control methods affecting cost estimation and management
business environment factors
organizational process assets
Tools & Techniques
expert judgment
data analysis
Alternatives Analysis
Meeting
output
cost management plan
7.2 Estimating costs
enter
project management plan
cost management plan
quality management plan
Describes the activities and resources required to achieve a set of project quality objectives
Scope Baseline
project files
Lessons Learned Register
Lessons learned from past experiences can help improve the accuracy and precision of cost estimates
Project schedule
Type, quantity and length of availability of team and physical resources
Resource requirements
Identify the types and quantities of resources required for each work package or activity
risk register
Cost of response to risks
business environment factors
organizational process assets
Tools & Techniques
expert judgment
analogy estimation
parameter estimation
three point estimate
Bottom-up estimation
data analysis
Alternatives Analysis
Reserve analysis
Prepare contingency reserves for known and unknown risks
residual risk
Reserve amount
Contingency reserves are part of the cost baseline
quality cost
consistency cost
prevention cost
training
Evaluate costs
test, check
non-conformity cost
internal
Discovered by one's own people
external
Customer discovery, impact on goodwill
project management information system
decision making
vote
Mobilize team participation to improve estimation accuracy and accountability for estimation results
output
Cost Estimate
Estimate basis
Supporting information for cost estimates
Project file updates
Hypothetical log
Make new assumptions, identify new constraints, or review and modify existing assumptions and constraints during the cost estimation process
Lessons Learned Register
Effective estimation techniques are updated in the Lessons Learned Register
risk register
When risk responses are selected and agreed, the risk register may need to be updated
7.3 Develop a budget
enter
project management plan
cost management plan
resource management plan
Provide information on rates (for human and other resources), travel cost estimates, and other foreseeable costs
Scope Baseline
Can be used for cost estimation and management
project files
Estimate basis
Cost Estimate
Project schedule
Summarize planned costs and actual costs to the corresponding calendar period based on the information therein
risk register
Review the risk register to determine how to aggregate risk response costs
business documents
business case
Key financial factors for project success identified
Benefit Management Plan
Include target benefits and benefit-related measurement indicators
protocol
Consideration needs to be given to the costs to be incurred or purchased, as well as applicable benefit information
business environment factors
organizational process assets
Tools & Techniques
expert judgment
cost summary
Summarize upwards layer by layer. Cost estimates are summarized into work packages, and work packages are summarized into control accounts. Finally, the total project cost is obtained.
data analysis
Reserve analysis
management reserve
Historical information review
Helps in parametric estimation or analogy estimation, which is used to build mathematical models to predict the total project cost.
Funding Limit Balance
Balance capital expenditures against any restrictions on project funding
Financing
Long-term projects often seek external financing, and if the project uses external funding, the funding entity may impose certain requirements that must be met
output
cost basis
Approved project budget allocated by time period, excluding any management reserves
Project funding requirements
Cost Baseline Management Reserve
Project file updates
Cost Estimate
Project schedule
risk register
8.1 Planning quality management
enter
Project Charter
project management plan
demand management plan
Provides methods for identifying, analyzing, and managing requirements to inform quality management plans and quality measurement indicators
risk management plan
Combining risk management plan and quality management plan information contributes to successful delivery
Stakeholder Engagement Plan
Provides a method for documenting stakeholder needs and expectations, laying the foundation for quality management
Scope Baseline
The scope statement contains the acceptance criteria for the deliverables. If the scope baseline changes, the quality measurement indicators must change.
project files
Hypothetical log
Document all assumptions and constraints related to quality requirements and standards compliance
requirements document
Document the requirements that should be met to satisfy interested parties, including quality requirements
Requirements Tracking Matrix
Linking product requirements to deliverables helps ensure that each requirement in the requirements document is tested
risk register
Contains information on threats and opportunities that may impact quality requirements
Interested Party Register
Helps identify interested parties with special interest or impact on quality
business environment factors
organizational process assets
Tools & Techniques
expert judgment
quality assurance
QC
Quality measurement results
quality improvement
Quality system
data collection
Brainstorming
Collect data from team members or subject matter experts to develop a quality management plan appropriate for the project
Benchmarking
Compare to practices on comparable projects to identify best practices
Interview
Interview experienced project participants, stakeholders, and subject matter experts to understand their implicit and explicit, formal and informal needs and expectations for project and product quality
data analysis
Cost-benefit analysis
Compare likely costs and expected benefits
quality cost
decision making
Multi-criteria decision analysis
A priority matrix, which can be used to identify key issues and suitable alternatives and to prioritize alternatives through a series of decisions
Data performance
flow chart
Map the process details of horizontal value chains to show activities, decision points, branching loops, parallel paths and overall processing sequence
Estimate quality costs by logical branches of workflows and their relative frequencies
logical data model
Can be used to identify where data integrity or other quality issues may occur
Matrix diagram
Showing the strength of the relationship between factors, causes, and goals where rows and columns intersect helps identify quality measures that are critical to project success.
mind Mapping
Helps quickly gather project requirements, constraints, dependencies, and connections
Test and inspection planning
Decide how to test or inspect products, deliverables or services to meet the needs and expectations of interested parties
Meeting
A meeting can be held to invite all employees to participate in the formulation
output
quality management plan
Pay more attention to the value proposition of the project and reduce the amount of cost overruns and schedule delays caused by rework
Pay attention to the management process
quality measures
Dedicated to describing project or product attributes and how the control quality process will verify compliance
Focus on products and results
Project Management Plan Update
risk management plan
When determining the quality management method, it may be necessary to change the risk management method, and change records are required.
Scope Baseline
If specific quality management activities need to be added, the scope baseline may change as a result of this process, and the quality requirements recorded in the WBS dictionary may need to be updated.
Project file updates
Lessons Learned Register
Challenges encountered in the quality planning process need to be updated in the Lessons Learned Register
Requirements Tracking Matrix
Specified quality requirements need to be documented
risk register
New risks identified need to be recorded and updated
Interested Party Register
Record updates as information is collected about existing or new interested parties
9.1 Planning resource management
enter
Project Charter
project management plan
quality management plan
Helps define the level of resources required by the project to achieve and maintain defined quality levels and meet project measurements
Scope Baseline
Deliverables are identified and the types and amounts of resources to be managed are determined
project files
Project schedule
Provide a timeline of required resources
requirements document
Indicates the types and amounts of resources required for the project and how they may be affected
risk register
Contains information on threats and opportunities that may impact resource planning
Interested Party Register
Helps identify parties with a special interest in or influence over the resources required for the project, as well as those who can influence resource usage preferences
business environment factors
organizational process assets
Tools & Techniques
expert judgment
Data performance
hierarchical
Work Breakdown Structure (WBS)
Break down into work packages
Organizational Breakdown Structure (OBS)
Arrange by existing departments, teams, or teams within the organization and list project activities or work packages under each department
resource breakdown structure
A hierarchical list of team and physical resources by resource category and type for planning, managing, and controlling project work
Responsibility Assignment Matrix
Display the task distribution of project resources in various work packages
Responsibility Assignment Matrix (RAM)
RACI
Team resource management
role definition described
text type
Usually in the form of an overview, information such as responsibilities, authorities, competencies and qualifications are provided
organization theory
Describe how individuals, teams, and organizational units behave.
Meeting
output
resource management plan
Identify resources
Access to resources
Roles and Responsibilities
Project organization chart
Project team resource management
training
Team building
Resource control
accreditation scheme
Team charter
Create documentation of team values, consensus, and work guidelines for the team
Project file updates
Hypothetical log
Add assumptions about physical resource availability, logistics requirements and location information, and team resource skill sets and availability
risk register
Risks regarding team and physical resource availability, as well as related risks to other known resources, are updated in the risk register
9.2 Estimating activity resources
enter
project management plan
resource management plan
Define methods for identifying the different resources required for a project. Also define methods for quantifying the resources required for individual activities and integrating this information.
Scope Baseline
Identified the project and product scope required to achieve project goals and determined the need for team and physical resources
project files
Activity properties
Provide primary data sources for the estimation process
Activity list
Activities requiring resources are identified
Hypothetical log
May contain information about productivity factors, availability, cost estimates, and work methods that affect the nature and amount of team and physical resources
Cost Estimate
Cost affects resource selection
Resource Calendar
Available hours for each member
risk register
Describes individual risks that may affect resource selection and availability
business environment factors
organizational process assets
Tools & Techniques
expert judgment
analogy estimation
parameter estimation
Bottom-up estimation
data analysis
Alternatives Analysis
project management information system
Meeting
output
Resource requirements
Number of WBS resource types
Estimate basis
resource breakdown structure
category
type
Project file updates
Activity properties
Updated based on resource needs
Hypothetical log
Updated based on resource needs
Lessons Learned Register
Information on techniques for estimating resources efficiently and effectively, as well as on techniques that are ineffective and inefficient, needs to be updated in the Lessons Learned Register
10.1 Planning and communication management
enter
Project Charter
project management plan
resource management plan
Guide how to classify, allocate, manage and release project resources. Team members and groups may have communication requirements, which should be put forward in the communication management plan.
Stakeholder Engagement Plan
Determine the management strategies needed to effectively engage stakeholders, often through communications
project files
requirements document
Include relevant parties’ communication needs
Interested Party Register
For planning communication activities with relevant parties
business environment factors
organizational process assets
Tools & Techniques
expert judgment
Communication needs analysis
communication technology
method of transmitting information
communication model
communication method
push communication
Ensures that the message is sent, but does not ensure that the message reaches or is understood by the target audience
pull communication
Suitable for large amounts of complex information or large information audiences
interactive communication
Real-time multi-directional information exchange
Interpersonal and team skills
communication style assessment
A technique used to assess communication styles and identify preferred communication methods, forms and content. It is often used for stakeholders who do not support the project. Stakeholder engagement assessment can be carried out first, and then the communication style assessment can be carried out.
political awareness
Awareness of formal and informal power relationships and willingness to work within these relationships
cultural awareness
Refers to understanding the differences between individuals, groups and organizations and adjusting project communication strategies accordingly
Data performance
Stakeholder Engagement Assessment Matrix
Shows the gap between current and desired engagement of individual stakeholders
Meeting
Includes virtual or in-person meetings
output
communication management plan
Project Management Plan Update
Stakeholder Engagement Plan
Updated to reflect any processes, procedures, tools or techniques that impact stakeholder participation in project decision-making and execution
Project file updates
Project schedule
Updated to reflect communications activity
Interested Party Register
Updated to reflect planned communications
11.1 Planning a risk management plan
enter
Project Charter
project management plan
All components
project files
Interested Party Register
Contains stakeholder details and outlines their roles in the project and attitudes towards project risks; can be used to identify roles and responsibilities for project risk management and to set risk thresholds for the project
business environment factors
organizational process assets
Tools & Techniques
expert judgment
data analysis
Stakeholder analysis
Determine stakeholder risk appetite
Meeting
Risk management plan preparation is a task at the kick-off meeting
output
risk management plan
11.2 Identify risks
enter
project management plan
demand management plan
Identify project goals that are particularly risky
progress management plan
May list some areas affected by uncertainty or ambiguity
cost management plan
May list some areas affected by uncertainty or ambiguity
quality management plan
May list areas subject to uncertainty or ambiguity or areas where key assumptions may give rise to risk
resource management plan
May list areas subject to uncertainty or ambiguity or areas where key assumptions may give rise to risk
risk management plan
Define risk management role responsibilities, describe how risk management will be integrated into budgets and schedules, and describe risk categories
Scope Baseline
Include deliverables and acceptance criteria
progress baseline
Identify milestone dates and deliverable delivery dates where there is uncertainty or ambiguity, or key assumptions that may create risk
cost basis
Identify cost estimates or funding requirements where uncertainty or ambiguity exists
project files
Hypothetical log
Assumptions or constraints that may cause individual or overall project risks
Problem log
Documented issues may pose individual or overall project risks
Lessons Learned Register
Review past experiences and lessons learned to determine whether similar risks will reoccur
requirements document
Determine which requirements are at risk by looking at project requirements
Interested Party Register
Define which interested parties may be involved in risk identification and describe who is suitable to play the role of risk owner
Cost Estimate
Quantitative assessment of project costs, the size of the interval indicates the degree of risk
duration estimate
Quantitative assessment of project duration, the size of the interval indicates the degree of risk
Resource requirements
Quantitative assessment of project resources, the size of the interval indicates the degree of risk
protocol
External procurement resources may pose threats or opportunities
Procurement documents
External sourcing may increase or decrease overall project risk and induce more individual project risks
business environment factors
organizational process assets
Tools & Techniques
expert judgment
data collection
Brainstorming
Checklist
A list of items, actions or points to consider
Interview
Identify sources of risk through interviews
data analysis
Root Cause Analysis
Discover the underlying causes of problems and develop preventive measures
Assumptions and constraints analysis
Analyze assumptions and constraints that have been incorporated into the scope baseline and project estimates to explore their validity and determine which of them create project risks
SWOT analysis
Strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats are examined one by one.
File analysis
Tip list
A preset list of possible risks that can be used as a framework to assist the project team in developing ideas
Interpersonal and team skills
guide
Meeting
risk seminar
output
risk register
Focus on potential risks and record details of identified individual project risks. As the processes of conducting qualitative risk analysis, conducting quantitative risk analysis, planning risk responses, implementing risk responses, and monitoring risk are completed, the results of these processes also need to be recorded in Risk in register
risk report
Overall risk assessment, as well as overview information on identified individual project risks
Project file updates
Hypothetical log
Problem log
Lessons Learned Register
11.3 Conduct qualitative risk analysis
Identify responsible persons for each risk so that they are responsible for planning risk responses and ensuring their implementation
enter
project management plan
risk management plan
Particular attention needs to be paid to risk management roles and responsibilities, budgeting and scheduling activities as well as risk categories, probability and impact definitions, probability and impact matrices and risk thresholds for interested parties
project files
Hypothetical log
Identify, manage and monitor key assumptions and constraints that may affect the project and may affect priority assessment
risk register
Includes details of identified individual project risks
Interested Party Register
Include details of interested parties who may be designated as risk owners
business environment factors
organizational process assets
Tools & Techniques
expert judgment
data collection
Interview
Can be used to assess the probability and impact of individual project risks
data analysis
Risk data quality assessment
Evaluate the accuracy and reliability of risk data on individual projects
Risk probability and impact assessment
Probability assesses the likelihood of a particular risk occurring, impact assesses the potential impact of a risk on one or more project objectives
Assessment of other risk parameters
Consider other risk characteristics
urgency
Proximity
incubation period
Manageability
Controllability
Monitorability
connectivity
strategic influence
closeness
Interpersonal and team skills
guide
Help participants focus on analysis to reach consensus and overcome biases, as well as resolve any disagreements that may arise
Risk classification
Determine which project areas are most vulnerable to uncertainty through classification
Data performance
Probability and Impact Matrix
sort
hierarchy diagram
To classify risks using more than two parameters, you cannot use probability and impact matrices
Meeting
Risk seminars, assigning risk owners to individual project risks one by one, who will then be responsible for planning risk responses and reporting on the progress of risk management work
output
Project file updates
Hypothetical log
New assumptions may be made and new constraints may be identified during qualitative analysis.
Problem log
Document new problems discovered or changes to current problems
risk register
Update the risk register with new information generated by the process
risk report
Document the most significant individual project risks
11.4 Implement quantitative risk analysis
enter
project management plan
risk management plan
Determine whether the project requires quantitative risk analysis
Scope Baseline
Provides a starting point for evaluation
progress baseline
Provides a starting point for evaluation
cost basis
Provides a starting point for evaluation
project files
Hypothetical log
Assumptions should be included as input if they are considered to cause project risk
Cost Estimate
Provides a starting point for evaluating cost variability
duration estimate
Provides a starting point for evaluating progress changes
Resource requirements
Provides a starting point for assessing resource variability
Estimate basis
cost forecast
Including estimate to completion (ETC), estimate to complete (EAC), budget to complete (BAC), and performance index to complete (TCP). Comparing these predictive indicators with the results of the quantitative cost analysis, the confidence level associated with achieving these indicators has been determined
progress forecast
Comparing forecasts with the results of quantitative schedule risk analysis, the confidence levels associated with achieving these metrics have been determined
Milestone List
Critical events determine schedule goals, which are compared to the results of a quantitative schedule risk analysis and the confidence levels associated with achieving these goals have been determined
risk register
Details of individual project risks
risk report
Sources of overall project risk
business environment factors
organizational process assets
Tools & Techniques
expert judgment
data collection
Interview
Interpersonal and team skills
guide
How uncertainty manifests
Establish a quantitative risk analysis model that reflects individual project risks and other sources of uncertainty. Probability distributions can be used to represent possible intervals.
data analysis
simulation
Monte Carlo analysis
probability distribution techniques
Cost risk analysis uses cost estimates as simulation input
Schedule risk analysis using schedule network diagrams and duration estimates as simulation inputs
sensitivity analysis
Helps determine which individual project risks or other sources of uncertainty have the greatest potential impact on project results
tornado diagram
Decision tree analysis
Choose the best solution among several alternative actions by calculating the expected monetary value (EMV) of each branch and select the optimal path.
influence diagram
A graphical aid for decision-making under uncertainty, which represents a project or a situation in a project as a series of entities, results and impacts, as well as the relationships and interactions between them.
output
Project file updates
risk report
Risk exposure assessment results
probability of success
inherent variability
Results of detailed probabilistic analysis
Contingency reserve reaches confidence level
A list of individual project risks or other sources of uncertainty that have the greatest impact on the critical path
Key drivers of overall project risk
Individual project risk priority list
Risk trends
Risk response suggestions
Inputs to the planning risk response process
11.5 Planning risk responses
enter
project management plan
resource management plan
Determine how resources for risk response will be coordinated with other project resources
risk management plan
Will use the risk management roles and responsibilities and own risk thresholds
cost basis
Contains information on emergency funds intended for risk response
project files
Project schedule
Can be used to determine how to plan agreed risk response activities concurrently with other project activities
Project team dispatches work orders
List the human resources available for risk response
Resource Calendar
Determined when potential resources will be available for risk response
risk report
The current level of overall risk exposure, which affects the selection of appropriate risk response strategies
risk register
Contains details of individual project risks that have been identified and prioritized and need to be addressed
Lessons Learned Register
Review lessons learned about risk responses early in the project and determine whether similar responses would be applicable later in the project
Interested Party Register
Potentially responsible persons for risk response are listed
business environment factors
organizational process assets
Tools & Techniques
expert judgment
data collection
Interview
Interpersonal and team skills
guide
Threat response strategy
Report
Beyond the project manager's scope of authority
avoid
Change plans or scope to completely eliminate the threat
Extend schedule, change strategy, or reduce scope
transfer
Transferring the impact of a threat to a third party along with liability
buy insurance
alleviate
Reduce probability or impact
Use less complex processes and more reliable suppliers
accept
Positive acceptance
Establish emergency reserves
passive acceptance
inaction
Opportunity coping strategies
Report
open up
share
improve
accept
Positive acceptance
Willing to take advantage but not actively pursue opportunities
passive acceptance
emergency response strategies
A response that is only used when a specific event occurs
Bounce back plan
Overall project risk response strategy
avoid
Negative impact beyond agreed project risk thresholds
open up
Positive impact, exceeding agreed project risk thresholds
transfer or share
third party
reduce or improve
Change the overall project risk level to optimize the likelihood of achieving project objectives
accept
Agreed thresholds are exceeded and no response strategy can be adopted
data analysis
Alternatives Analysis
Compare to determine which response is most appropriate
Cost-benefit analysis
The effectiveness of alternative risk response strategies can be determined
decision making
Multi-criteria decision analysis
Helps prioritize multiple risk response strategies
output
change request
Change requests may be made to project management plan components
Project Management Plan Update
progress management plan
Progress strategy update
cost management plan
Cost accounting, tracking and reporting changes, updates to budget strategies and contingency reserve usage, etc.
quality management plan
Meeting demand methods, quality management methods, quality control process changes, etc.
resource management plan
Resource configuration changes, resource policy updates
Procurement Management Plan
Make-or-buy decisions or changes in contract types, etc.
Scope Baseline
progress baseline
cost basis
Project file updates
Hypothetical log
New assumptions, new constraints
cost forecast
Changes due to planned risk response strategies
Lessons Learned Register
Document response information applicable to future phases of the project or future projects
Project schedule
Agreed activities added to schedule
Project team dispatches work orders
Allocate necessary human resources
risk register
Document identified risk responses
risk report
Document responses to overall risk exposure and high-priority risk identification
12.1 Planning and Procurement Management
enter
Project Charter
business documents
business case
Procurement strategy needs to be consistent with the business case to ensure the effectiveness of the business case
Benefit Management Plan
Describe when specific project benefits should be produced, which will impact the determination of procurement dates and contract terms
project management plan
scope management plan
Explain how to manage the contractor's scope of work during the implementation phase of the project
quality management plan
Contains industry standards and guidelines that the project needs to follow
resource management plan
Include information about which resources need to be purchased or leased, as well as any assumptions or constraints that may affect procurement
Scope Baseline
A statement of work and outline of work should be prepared for the work known within the project scope
project files
Milestone List
Explain when the seller needs to deliver results
Project team dispatches work orders
Contains information about the project team’s skills and capabilities and the time they are available to support procurement activities
requirements document
Technical requirements that the seller needs to meet
Requirements Tracking Matrix
Product requirements are connected from their sources to the deliverables that satisfy them
Resource requirements
Contains information about certain specific needs
risk register
risk list
Interested Party Register
Detailed information about participants and their benefits
business environment factors
organizational process assets
lump sum contract
fixed total price
One price, not easy to change the range
Total price plus incentive fee
Set a price ceiling, above which all costs will be borne by the seller
Total price plus economic price adjustment
The seller's performance period will span several years
Minimal risk to buyer
cost reimbursement contract
cost plus fixed fee
The bonus remains unchanged, the scope is unclear, and the seller has strong project management capabilities.
Riskiest to buyer
cost plus incentive fee
Reward savings and oppose waste. The scope is unclear and there are clear punishment and reward conditions.
Cost price incentive fee
Spend more, give more, the buyer is more involved, and the scope is not clear
Work and materials contract
Fixed price per unit time, fast negotiation, unclear scope, lack of project management capabilities
Tools & Techniques
expert judgment
data collection
market research
data analysis
Make-or-Buy Analysis
Supplier selection analysis
Meeting
output
Procurement Management Plan
Procurement strategy
Specify project delivery methods, types of legally binding agreements, and how procurement progresses through the procurement phase
Procurement Statement of Work (SOW)
Bidding Documents
Supplier selection criteria
Make or buy decision
independent cost estimate
change request
Project file updates
Lessons Learned Register
Milestone List
requirements document
Requirements Tracking Matrix
risk register
Interested Party Register
Organizational process asset updates
13.2 Planning stakeholder management
enter
Project Charter
project management plan
resource management plan
May contain information about the roles and responsibilities of team members and other interested parties
communication management plan
The communication strategy and the plan to implement the strategy are both inputs to the various processes of stakeholder management and include information from these processes.
risk management plan
Contains risk thresholds or risk attitudes to help select the best combination of stakeholder engagement strategies
project files
Hypothetical log
Information about assumptions and constraints that may be relevant to specific interested parties
Problem log
To manage and resolve issues in the issue log, additional communication with affected parties is required
Change log
Changes are usually associated with specific interested parties, who may be the originator, approver, or affected person of the change request
Project schedule
Schedule activities may need to be associated with specific stakeholders, designated as responsible persons or executors
risk register
Contains identified risks and designates relevant parties as responsible for or affected by the risk
Interested Party Register
Provide a list of interested parties
protocol
Manage external stakeholders (contractors and suppliers)
business environment factors
organizational process assets
Tools & Techniques
expert judgment
data collection
Benchmarking
data analysis
Assumptions and constraints analysis
Analyze assumptions and constraints to appropriately tailor stakeholder engagement strategies
Root Cause Analysis
Identify root causes of stakeholder support levels for projects to select appropriate strategies to improve engagement
decision making
Prioritization/Grading
Rank stakeholders by interest and impact
Data performance
mind Mapping
Visual representation of stakeholder relationships
Stakeholder Engagement Assessment Matrix
Compare current stakeholder engagement levels to desired engagement levels
Don't understand
resist
neutral
support
lead
Meeting
output
Stakeholder Engagement Plan
executive process group
4.3 Direct and manage project work
enter
project management plan
any component
project files
Change log
Record the status of all change requests
Lessons Learned Register
Improve project performance and avoid repeating mistakes
Milestone List
List planned achievement dates for specific milestones
Project schedule
At a minimum, include a list of work activities, duration, resources, and planned start and finish dates
Requirements Tracking Matrix
Connecting product requirements to corresponding deliverables helps focus on the end result
Project communication record
Contains performance reports, deliverable status, and other information generated by the project
risk register
Provide information on various threats and opportunities that may affect project execution
risk report
Provide information on overall risk sources and summary information on identified individual project risks
Approved project change requests
Corrective Action
Precaution
Defect Remediation
business environment factors
organizational process assets
Tools & Techniques
expert judgment
project management information system
work authorization system
Schedule planning software tools
configuration management system
Configuration identification
change management system
Change process Approval level Role Responsibilities
Configuration status logging
Configuration verification and auditing
Information collection and release system
Enter the interface of other online automation systems
Meeting
Kick-off meeting
technical meeting
Agile or iteration planning meeting
Daily stand-up meeting
steering group meeting
problem solving meeting
Progress follow-up meeting
review meeting
output
Deliverables
Any unique and verifiable product, outcome or service capability
job performance data
Raw observations and measurements collected from each activity being performed
Problem log
Project document to record and follow up on all issues, first created for this process
change request
A formal proposal to modify any document, deliverable or baseline
Corrective Action
Precaution
Defect Remediation
renew
Project Management Plan Update
any component
Project file updates
Activity list
Add or modify event updates
Hypothetical log
Add new ones, update or close existing ones
requirements document
Identify new needs updates
Lessons Learned Register
Any lessons learned that can help improve current or future project performance should be documented promptly
risk register
Identify new risks and update existing risks
Interested Party Register
When existing or new relevant party information is collected, it will be recorded in the relevant party register.
Organizational process asset updates
Can update any organizational process asset
4.4 Management project knowledge
enter
project management plan
All components
project files
Lessons Learned Register
Project team dispatches work orders
resource breakdown structure
Interested Party Register
Deliverables
business environment factors
organizational process assets
Tools & Techniques
expert judgment
knowledge management
tacit knowledge
by meeting
Interpersonal Communication (apprenticeship)
explicit knowledge
byPMIS
knowledge base
information management
Interpersonal and team skills
active listening
guide
leadership
interpersonal communication
political awareness
output
Lessons Learned Register
Project Management Plan Update
any component
Organizational process asset updates
8.2 Managing quality (quality assurance)
enter
project management plan
quality management plan
project files
Lessons Learned Register
Quality control measurement results
It is used to analyze and evaluate whether the quality of the project process and deliverables meets the standards or specific requirements of the executing organization, and helps analyze the production process of these measurement results to determine the correctness of the actual measurement results.
quality measures
Monitoring basis
risk report
Identify the most important drivers of risk that can impact quality objectives
organizational process assets
Tools & Techniques
data collection
Checklist
A structured tool that lists specific components used to verify that a required series of steps has been performed or to check that a list of requirements has been met
Should cover the acceptance criteria defined in the scope baseline
data analysis
Alternatives Analysis
Evaluate identified alternatives
File analysis
Analyze control process outputs into different documents, highlighting processes that may be outside of control and prevent the project team from meeting specific requirements or stakeholder expectations
process analysis
Find non-value-added activities and actually find which activities are unnecessary
Root Cause Analysis (RCA)
Determine the root causes of deviations, defects or risks
decision making
Multi-criteria decision analysis
Data performance
Affinity diagram
Categorize potential defect causes and demonstrate areas of greatest concern
cause and effect diagram
Breaking down the causes of a problem statement into discrete branches helps identify the root cause
flow chart
Demonstrate a series of steps to trigger a defect
Histogram
Bar chart showing numerical data showing the number of noncompliances or other indications of project or product defects
Matrix diagram
Demonstrate the strength of the relationship between factors, causes, and goals
Scatter plot
Show the relationship between two variables and show the relationship between two axes, one representing the process, environment, and any element of the activity, and the other representing quality defects.
audit
Targeting the process. Ensures compliance with organizational and project policies, processes and procedures.
Design for X
A set of technical guidelines that can be used during product design to optimize specific aspects of the design that can control or improve the final product characteristics.
Reduce costs, improve quality, performance and customer satisfaction
problem solved
Discover solutions to problems or challenges
quality improvement methods
Targeting the process. Improve PDCA
Six Sigma
output
quality report
Includes quality management issues reported by the team, improvement suggestions for processes, projects and products, corrective action suggestions (including rework, defect/vulnerability remediation, 100% inspection, etc.), and a summary of situations discovered during the quality control process
Test and Evaluation Documents
Create test and evaluation documents based on industry needs and organizational templates
change request
Project Management Plan Update
quality management plan
Scope Baseline
progress baseline
cost basis
PMB
Project file updates
Lessons Learned Register
Problem log
risk register
9.3 Obtaining resources
enter
project management plan
resource management plan
Provide guidance on how to obtain project resources
Procurement Management Plan
Provide information about resources obtained from outside the project
cost basis
Provide an overall budget for project activities
project files
Project schedule
Showing activities and their start and end dates helps determine when resources need to be provided and acquired
Resource Calendar
Record the period of time each project resource is available in the project
Resource requirements
Identify the resources that need to be obtained
Interested Party Register
The needs or expectations of relevant parties for specific resources will be discovered and should be considered in the process of obtaining resources.
business environment factors
organizational process assets
Tools & Techniques
decision making
Multi-criteria decision analysis
Interpersonal and team skills
negotiation
Recruit resources, if there is no external need to obtain internal resources
virtual team
A group of people with a common goal who have little or no time to work face-to-face in completing a character
Recruiting resources, if there are none internally or externally, a virtual team is needed
It needs to be reported when there is no internal or external virtuality
pre-dispatch
Before the project is started, candidates for certain important positions are determined in advance
output
physical resource allocation sheet
Project team dispatches work orders
Resource Calendar
Specifies when and for how long the team and physical resources identified during the project will be available
change request
Project Management Plan Update
resource management plan
Updated to reflect actual experience in obtaining project resources
cost basis
Changes may occur during resource procurement
Project file updates
Lessons Learned Register
Project schedule
Resource availability causes schedule changes
resource breakdown structure
The resources obtained should be recorded
Resource requirements
risk register
Document new risks identified
Interested Party Register
Record any new interested parties added
Update on business environment factors
Organizational process asset updates
9.4 Building the team
enter
project management plan
resource management plan
project files
Lessons Learned Register
Project schedule
Define how and when to provide training to the project team, develop the competencies required at different stages, and identify needed team-building strategies based on any differences during project execution
Project team dispatches work orders
Identified roles and responsibilities of team members
Resource Calendar
Defining when project team members can participate in team building activities helps illustrate the team's availability throughout the project
Team charter
values
Improve overall performance
Team work guide
business environment factors
organizational process assets
Tools & Techniques
Centralized office
The most effective last resort in the short term
Arrange to work in the same physical location to enhance team working capabilities
virtual team
Technology can be leveraged to create an online team environment
communication technology
Solve team building problems in centralized offices or virtual teams
Interpersonal and team skills
conflict management
Project managers should resolve conflicts in a timely and constructive manner to create high-performing teams
Influence
Gather relevant and critical information to solve important issues and build consensus through influencing skills
excitation
Provide a reason for someone to take action, improve the team's ability to participate in decision-making and encourage independent working
negotiation
Reaching a consensus on project requirements helps team members trust each other
Team building
Strengthen team social relationships
Recognition and Rewards
Recognize and reward members for their good behavior
training
Insufficient ability, lack of experience, no experience
Individual and team assessment
Give project managers and project teams insight into members’ strengths and weaknesses
Meeting
Project briefing meeting
team building session
team development meeting
output
Team performance evaluation
Formal or informal evaluation of the project team's effectiveness
The result of an overall evaluation of the project team rather than an individual evaluation
change request
Project Management Plan Update
resource management plan
Project file updates
Lessons Learned Register
Project schedule
Project team dispatches work orders
Resource Calendar
Team charter
Update on business environment factors
Organizational process asset updates
9.5 Management Team
enter
project management plan
resource management plan
project files
Lessons Learned Register
Project team dispatches work orders
Team charter
Provides guidance on how teams make decisions, conduct meetings, and resolve conflicts
Problem log
Document who is responsible for resolving specific issues within target dates and overseeing resolution
job performance report
Information from performance reports and related forecast reports helps determine future team resource needs, recognize and reward, and update resource management plans
Team performance evaluation
Helps take steps to resolve problems, adjust communication styles, resolve conflicts and improve team interactions
business environment factors
organizational process assets
Tools & Techniques
Interpersonal and team skills
conflict management
cooperation/resolution
win-win
Compromise/Mediation
lose-lose
Easing/accommodating
single loss
Avoidance/Procrastination
Basically doing nothing
Force/take (can be for urgent issues and events)
One loses and one wins
Make decisions
Negotiation ability
Ability to influence organization and project management teams
Emotional intelligence
The ability to identify, assess and manage personal emotions, the emotions of others and the emotions of groups
Influence
The ability to influence relevant parties in a timely manner is critical to ensuring project success.
leadership
Ability to lead a team and motivate the team to do their job well
project management information system
output
change request
Project Management Plan Update
resource management plan
progress baseline
Change the project schedule to reflect how the team performs
cost basis
Change project costs to reflect how teams perform
Project file updates
Problem log
New questions to record
Lessons Learned Register
Record good methods and management methods
Project team dispatches work orders
If changes are made to the team, they need to be recorded in the work order.
Update on business environment factors
Inputs to organizational performance evaluation
personal skills
10.2 Management communication
enter
project management plan
resource management plan
Communication needed to manage a team or physical resources
communication management plan
How project communications will be planned, structured and monitored
Stakeholder Engagement Plan
How to use appropriate communication strategies to guide relevant parties to participate in the project
project files
Change log
Used to communicate changes to affected parties and the approval, deferral, and rejection of change requests
Problem log
Communicate information about the problem to affected parties
Lessons Learned Register
Lessons Learned to Improve Communication Efficiency and Effectiveness
Interested Party Register
Identify the people, groups or organizations that need each type of information
quality report
Communicate to those who can take corrective actions to achieve project quality expectations
risk report
Provides information on sources of overall project risk, as well as overview information on identified individual project risks
job performance report
Reports are delivered to relevant parties through management communication
status report
progress report
. . .
business environment factors
organizational process assets
Tools & Techniques
communication technology
communication method
communication skills
communication competency
Clarify the purpose of key information, build effective relationships, enable information sharing and take leadership actions
feedback
Reactive information about communications, deliverables or situations
nonverbal
Demo
Formal delivery of information and/or documents
project management information system
Meeting
Conduct meetings to support actions defined in the communications strategy and communications plan
Project report released
Collecting and distributing information
Interpersonal and team skills
active listening
Inform of receipt, clarify and confirm information, understanding, and remove barriers to understanding
interpersonal communication
Exchange information and build connections by interacting with others
conflict management
Conference management
Take steps to ensure meetings are effective and efficient in achieving expected goals
cultural awareness
political awareness
output
Project communication record
Artifacts can include performance reports, deliverable status, schedule progress, costs incurred, demonstrations, and other information required by interested parties
Project Management Plan Update
communication management plan
Stakeholder Engagement Plan
Project file updates
Lessons Learned Register
Problem log
risk register
Project schedule
Updated to reflect communication activity status
Interested Party Register
Organizational process asset updates
11.6 Implement risk responses
enter
project management plan
risk management plan
Outline the roles and responsibilities of project team members and other relevant parties relevant to risk management, and use this information to assign responsibility for agreed risk responses
project files
Lessons Learned Register
risk register
Document the agreed risk response for each individual risk, and who is responsible for the risk response
risk report
An assessment of current overall project risk exposure and response strategies, as well as a description of significant individual project risks and their response plans
organizational process assets
Tools & Techniques
expert judgment
Interpersonal and team skills
Influence
Encourage designated risk owners to take required actions
project management information system
output
change request
After the risk response is implemented, change requests may be made to the cost baseline and schedule baseline, or other components of the project management plan, which should be reviewed and processed through 4.6
Project file updates
Problem log
Identified issues are logged
Lessons Learned Register
Project team dispatches work orders
Allocate necessary resources to each action related to the risk response plan
risk register
Reflect any changes to the agreed responses to individual project risks that result from undertaking this process
risk report
Reflect any changes to the agreed response to overall project risk exposure resulting from undertaking this process
12.2 Implement procurement
enter
project management plan
scope management plan
Describe how the overall scope of work, including those for which the seller is responsible, will be managed
demand management plan
Describe how requirements will be analyzed, documented, and managed, including how the seller will manage the requirements that should be implemented as specified in the agreement
communication management plan
Describe how buyers and sellers communicate
risk management plan
Describe how to structure and implement project risk management activities
Procurement Management Plan
Contains activities that should be carried out during the procurement process
configuration management plan
Define which configuration items are and require formal change control, and the change control process for these configurations, including the form and process for configuration management by the seller to be consistent with the approach taken by the buyer
cost basis
Includes the budget for conducting the procurement, the costs for managing the procurement process, and the costs for managing the seller
project files
Lessons Learned Register
Project schedule
Determine the start and end dates of procurement activities and the final delivery date of the contractor
requirements document
Technical requirements that the seller needs to meet
Requirements with contractual and legal significance
risk register
Any seller selected carries special risks
Interested Party Register
Contains all details related to the identified parties
Procurement documents
Various written documents used to reach legal agreements
Bidding Documents
Purchasing Statement of Work
independent cost estimate
Prepared by internal or external personnel to evaluate the reasonableness of proposals submitted by bidders
Supplier selection criteria
Describe how bidder proposals will be evaluated, including evaluation criteria and weightings
seller proposal
business environment factors
organizational process assets
Tools & Techniques
expert judgment
advertise
bidders meeting
data analysis
Proposal evaluation
Determine if response to procurement documents is adequate
Interpersonal and team skills
negotiation
discussions to reach agreement
output
selected seller
Judged as the most competitive bidder
protocol
Acceptance Criteria
dispute resolution strategy
change request
Project Management Plan Update
demand management plan
Subject to change at seller's request
quality management plan
The seller may propose alternative quality standards or alternative solutions that affect the quality management methods specified in the quality management plan
communication management plan
Once a seller is selected, updates are needed to document the seller’s communication needs and methods
risk management plan
Each agreement and seller presents unique risks that require an updated risk management plan. Specific risks should be recorded in a risk register
Procurement Management Plan
Update records based on the results of contract negotiation and signing
Scope Baseline
When executing procurement, explicitly consider the work breakdown structure and deliverables of the scope baseline, which may result in changes to any or all of the deliverables
progress baseline
Changes to seller deliverables impact overall schedule performance and may require the baseline schedule to be updated and approved to reflect current expectations
cost basis
During project delivery, contractor material prices and labor prices may change frequently with the external economic environment, which needs to be reflected in the cost baseline.
Project file updates
Lessons Learned Register
requirements document
Technical requirements that the seller needs to meet
Requirements with contractual and legal significance
Requirements Tracking Matrix
As sellers are integrated into the project plan, changes to the requirements register and tracking matrix may be required based on the capabilities of the particular seller.
Resource Calendar
Resource calendar related to schedule needs to be updated based on seller's availability
risk register
Each selected seller brings special risks and during the contract signing process changes to the risk register should be made to reflect the specific risks each seller brings
Interested Party Register
This document contains all details related to the identified interested parties and records need to be updated upon entering into an agreement with a specific seller
Organizational process asset updates
List of potential and pre-qualified sellers
Relevant experience working with sellers, both positive and negative
13.3Manage stakeholder participation
enter
project management plan
communication management plan
Describe methods, formats and techniques for communicating with interested parties
risk management plan
Describe risk categories, risk appetite and reporting formats that can be used to manage stakeholder engagement
Stakeholder Engagement Plan
Provide guidance information
change management plan
Describe the process for submitting, evaluating, and executing project changes
project files
Change log
Document change requests and their status and pass them on to the appropriate parties
Problem log
Record issues of concern to relevant parties and action plans to deal with them
Lessons Learned Register
Interested Party Register
business environment factors
organizational process assets
Tools & Techniques
expert judgment
communication skills
feedback
Understand stakeholder reactions to various project management activities and key decisions
Interpersonal and team skills
conflict management
Ensure conflicts are resolved promptly
cultural awareness
negotiation
Obtain support or reach agreements to support project work or outcomes and resolve conflicts within the team or between the team and other interested parties
observe/talk
Keep abreast of the work and attitudes of the team and other relevant parties
political awareness
basic rules
According to the basic rules defined in the team charter, it is clear what actions the project team and other relevant parties should take to guide relevant parties to participate.
Meeting
output
change request
Project scope or product scope may change
Project Management Plan Update
communication management plan
Update records of new or changed stakeholder requirements
Stakeholder Engagement Plan
Updated to reflect new or changed management strategies needed to guide stakeholder engagement
Project file updates
Change log
Problem log
Lessons Learned Register
Interested Party Register
monitoring process group
4.5 Monitor project work
enter
project management plan
any component
project files
Hypothetical log
Contains assumptions and constraints that will affect the project
Problem log
Document and monitor who is responsible for resolving specific issues within target dates
cost forecast
Used to determine whether the project is still within budget tolerances and identify any necessary changes based on past project performance
progress forecast
Used to determine whether we are still within schedule tolerances and identify any necessary changes based on past performance
Lessons Learned Register
May include effective ways to respond to deviations as well as corrective and preventive actions
risk register
Provide relevant information on various threats and opportunities that occur during project execution
risk report
Provide information on overall project risks and individual risks
quality report
Contains quality management issues, recommendations for improvements to processes, projects, and products, recommendations for corrective actions, and an overview of situations discovered while controlling quality.
Estimate basis
Explain how different estimates are derived and used to decide how to deal with deviations
Milestone List
Lists the achievement dates of specific milestones, used to check whether planned milestones are achieved
"Two records and two volumes, two reports and two predictions, one basis and one list"
job performance information
The work performance data collected during the execution process are further analyzed and compared through the control process to generate work performance information. Can understand the implementation status of the project
protocol
Procurement agreements include terms and conditions, and the project manager needs to oversee contractor work to ensure that all agreements comply with the specific requirements of the project, as well as the organization's procurement policies
business environment factors
organizational process assets
Tools & Techniques
expert judgment
data analysis
Alternatives Analysis
Used to select corrective actions or a combination of corrective and preventive actions to be implemented when a deviation occurs
Cost-benefit analysis
Determine the most cost-effective corrective action when deviations occur
Earned value analysis
Comprehensive analysis of scope, schedule and cost performance
Root Cause Analysis
Focus on identifying the main causes of problems
trend analysis
Predict future performance based on past results
Deviation analysis
Review differences between target performance and actual performance
decision making
vote
Meeting
Meetings in the project
Stakeholder identification meeting
Project initialization meeting
project planning meeting
Project kick-off meeting
Consensus and Commitment
status review meeting
change control meeting
Project closing report
output
job performance report
Aggregate job performance information
change request
prevention
correct
remedy
renew
A change request is a formal proposal to modify any document, deliverable, or baseline
Project Management Plan Update
any component
Project file updates
cost forecast
Changes to cost forecasts should be documented through the cost management process
progress forecast
Changes to the schedule forecast resulting from this process should be documented through the schedule management process
Problem log
New problems that arise should be logged in the problem log
Lessons Learned Register
Updated to document effective ways to respond to deviations and corrective and preventive actions
risk register
Identification of new risks should be recorded in a risk register and managed through the risk management process
"One will, two volumes, two predictions"
4.6 Implement overall control changes
enter
project management plan
change management plan
Provide guidance for managing the change control process and document the roles and responsibilities of the change control board
configuration management plan
Describe the project's configuration items and identify those that should be recorded and updated to maintain the consistency and effectiveness of the project's products
Scope Baseline
Provide project and product definitions
progress baseline
Assess the impact of changes on project schedule
cost basis
Assess the impact of changes on project costs
project files
Estimate basis
Shows how duration, cost, and resource estimates are derived and used to calculate the impact of changes on time, budget, and resources
Requirements Tracking Matrix
Requirements traceability matrix helps assess the impact of changes on project scope
risk report
Provides source information on overall and individual project risks associated with change requests
job performance report
Aggregate job performance information
change request
prevention
correct
remedy
renew
A change request is a formal proposal to modify any document, deliverable, or baseline
business environment factors
organizational process assets
Tools & Techniques
expert judgment
change control tools
Configuration control focuses on deliverables and technical specifications of each process; Change control focuses on identifying, documenting, approving, or rejecting changes to project documents, deliverables, or baselines
Identify changes
Record changes
Make a decision to change
Track changes
data analysis
Alternatives Analysis
Evaluate alternative change requests
Cost-benefit analysis
Determine whether a change request is worth the associated costs
decision making
vote
autocratic decision making
Multi-criteria decision analysis
Meeting
change control meeting
output
Approved change request
Requires CCB change control approval
Project Management Plan Update
any component
Project file updates
Change log
5.5 Confirmation scope
enter
project management plan
scope management plan
Defines how completed deliverables will be formally accepted
demand management plan
Describe how to identify project requirements
Scope Baseline
Compare to actual results to determine if changes, corrective actions, or preventive actions are necessary
project files
Lessons Learned Register
Lessons learned early can be used later to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of acceptance deliverables
quality report
Before accepting the product, you need to review all quality assurance matters, improvement suggestions, and an overview of the situations discovered during the quality control process in the report.
requirements document
Compare requirements to actual results to determine whether changes, corrective actions, or preventive actions are necessary
Requirements Tracking Matrix
Contains information related to requirements, including how to confirm requirements
Verified deliverables
Deliverables checked as correct by the controlled quality process
job performance data
Tools & Techniques
examine
Conduct activities such as measurement, review and validation to determine whether work and deliverables meet requirements and product acceptance criteria
decision making
vote
output
Deliverables for acceptance
A formal acceptance report is produced with formal signature and approval by the customer or sponsor.
job performance information
change request
Deliverables that have been completed but have not passed formal acceptance and the reasons for failure should be recorded, and a change request may be submitted for defect remediation through 4.6
Project file updates
Lessons Learned Register
Document the challenges encountered, how they could have been avoided, and good deliverable acceptance methods
requirements document
Record actual acceptance results
Requirements Tracking Matrix
Including the acceptance methods adopted and their results
5.6 Control scope
enter
project management plan
scope management plan
Document how project and product scope are controlled
demand management plan
Document how project requirements are managed
change management plan
Define the process for managing project changes
configuration management plan
Define which configuration items are configuration items, which configuration items require formal change control, and the change control process for these configuration items
Scope Baseline
Compare to actual results to determine if changes, corrective actions, or preventive actions are necessary
performance measurement benchmarks
When using earned value analysis, compare to actual results
project files
Lessons Learned Register
Improve scope control
requirements document
Deviations from the agreement discovered
Requirements Tracking Matrix
Detect the impact of deviations and provide a controlled requirements state
job performance data
Number of change requests received and accepted, number of deliverables verified, confirmed, and completed
organizational process assets
Tools & Techniques
data analysis
Deviation analysis
Compare the baseline to the results to determine if the deviation is critical or if changes should be made
trend analysis
Review performance changes to determine whether trends are improving or worsening
output
job performance information
Interrelated and contextual information on project and product scope implementation
change request
Project Management Plan Update
scope management plan
Scope Baseline
progress baseline
cost basis
performance measurement benchmarks
Raise a change request to address the impact of scope deviations
Project file updates
Lessons Learned Register
Effective techniques for recording control areas
requirements document
Add or modify requirements
Requirements Tracking Matrix
Updated as requirements documents are updated
6.6 Control progress
enter
project management plan
progress management plan
Describe the update frequency of progress, how to use progress reserves, and how to control progress.
progress baseline
Compare with actual results to determine whether changes are needed
Scope Baseline
WBS, deliverables, constraints and assumptions need to be clearly considered
performance measurement benchmarks
When using earned value analysis, performance measurement baselines are compared to actual results to determine whether changes, corrective actions, or preventive actions are necessary.
project files
Lessons Learned Register
Project Calendar
Activities require different working hours
Resource Calendar
Show availability of team and physical resources
Project schedule
Icon shows completed activities and started activities
progress data
Need to review and update progress data
job performance data
organizational process assets
Tools & Techniques
data analysis
Earned value analysis
Schedule performance measures are used to evaluate deviations from the initial schedule baseline.
Iterative burndown chart
Used to track the work that has yet to be completed in the iteration's backlog. Based on the work determined by iterative planning, analyze deviations from the ideal burndown chart
performance review
Measure, compare and analyze schedule performance against schedule baselines
trend analysis
Examine how project performance changes over time
Deviation analysis
The difference between the actual duration and the plan, the reason and extent of the deviation from the schedule baseline
What-if scenario analysis
Evaluate various scenarios based on risk management process outputs to align schedule models with project management plans and approved baselines
critical path method
Examining the critical path helps determine progress status
project management information system
Includes scheduling software
Resource optimization
Scheduling of activities and the resources required for the activities while taking into account resource availability and project time
lead and lag
Use analysis to bring behind-schedule project activities back on schedule
Progress compression
Methods for bringing project activities that are behind schedule back up to schedule
output
job performance information
Including comparative performance, earned value analysis project SV and SPI will be recorded in the work performance report
progress forecast
Predictions of future situations based on existing information and knowledge and job performance information
change request
Project Management Plan Update
progress management plan
progress baseline
cost basis
After approval of changes to scope, resources, or cost estimates, corresponding changes need to be made to the cost baseline
performance measurement benchmarks
Project file updates
Hypothetical log
Schedule performance will indicate the need to modify assumptions about activity sequencing, duration, and productivity
Estimate basis
Schedule performance may indicate the need to modify how durations are estimated
Lessons Learned Register
Project schedule
Resource Calendar
Updated to reflect changes resulting from resource optimization, schedule compression, and corrections
risk register
Schedule compression techniques create risks that require updating of risk register records
progress data
It may be necessary to redraw the progress network diagram and update the corresponding data information according to the updated version.
7.4 Control costs
enter
project management plan
cost management plan
Describe how to manage and control costs
cost basis
performance measurement benchmarks
Earned value analysis compares performance measurement baselines with actual results to decide whether to make changes
project files
Lessons Learned Register
Can improve cost control
Project funding requirements
Estimated expenses
projected debt
job performance data
organizational process assets
Tools & Techniques
expert judgment
data analysis
Earned value analysis
Deviation analysis
trend analysis
Reserve analysis
Performance index to completion
In order to achieve specific management goals, the cost performance indicator that must be achieved in the use of remaining resources is the ratio of the cost required to complete the remaining work to the remaining budget TCPI=(BAC-EV)/(BAC-AC)
summary
project management information system
output
job performance information
cost forecast
change request
Project Management Plan Update
cost management plan
cost basis
performance measurement benchmarks
Project file updates
Hypothetical log
Estimate basis
Cost Estimate
Lessons Learned Register
risk register
8.3 Control quality
enter
project management plan
quality management plan
Define how quality control will be carried out on the project
project files
Lessons Learned Register
Lessons learned early can be applied later to improve quality control
quality measures
Describe the item or product attributes and how the control quality process will verify compliance
Test and Evaluation Documents
Evaluate the extent to which quality objectives are achieved
Approved change request
Implementation of approved change requests requires verification and confirmation of completeness, correctness, and retesting
Deliverables
Deliverables that are the output of the direct and manage project work process will be examined and compared to the acceptance criteria defined in the project scope statement
job performance data
Product status data
business environment factors
organizational process assets
Tools & Techniques
data collection
Checklist
Helps in managing and controlling quality activities in a structured manner
Checklist
Efficiently collect useful data on potential quality issues. Use of checklists to collect attribute data is especially convenient when conducting inspections to identify defects.
statistical sampling
Questionnaire
Collect data on customer satisfaction after deploying a product or service
data analysis
performance review
Measure, compare, and analyze actual results with quality measures
Root Cause Analysis
Used to identify the cause of defects
examine
Refers to the inspection of work product to determine compliance with written standards and may also be used to confirm defect remediation
Testing/Product Evaluation
An organized, structured investigation designed to provide objective information about the quality of the product or service under test based on project needs. Early testing helps identify non-compliance issues and helps reduce the cost of patching non-compliant components.
Data performance
cause and effect diagram
Identify quality defects and possible consequences of errors
Control Charts
Used to determine whether a process is stable or has predictable performance
Upper and lower control limits are different from specification limits
Can be used to monitor various types of output variables
Follow the seven-point rule. If a process is within normal limits, it should not be adjusted. If it is out of control, it must be adjusted.
Histogram
Scatter plot
Meeting
output
Quality control measurement results
Written record of the results of quality control activities
Verified deliverables
Determine the correctness of deliverables
job performance information
change request
Project Management Plan Update
quality management plan
Project file updates
Lessons Learned Register
Problem log
risk register
Test and Evaluation Documents
9.6 Controlling resources
enter
project management plan
resource management plan
project files
Problem log
Used to identify issues related to lack of resources, delayed supply of raw materials, or low-grade raw materials
physical resource allocation sheet
Describe the expected usage of the resource and the details of the resource
Project schedule
Demonstrate what resources are needed when and where the project
resource breakdown structure
Provides a reference for situations where resources need to be replaced or reacquired
Resource requirements
Identify materials, equipment, supplies and other resources needed for the project
Lessons Learned Register
risk register
Identify individual risks that could affect equipment, materials or supplies
job performance data
Contains data about project status
protocol
Basis for obtaining external resources of the organization
organizational process assets
Tools & Techniques
data analysis
Alternatives Analysis
Helps select the best solution to correct resource usage deviations
Cost-benefit analysis
Helps determine the best corrective action when project cost variances occur
performance review
Measure, compare and analyze differences between planned and actual resource usage
trend analysis
Examining project performance over time can be used to determine whether performance is improving or deteriorating
problem solved
Help project managers solve problems that arise in the process of controlling resources
Interpersonal and team skills
negotiation
May require negotiation of additional physical resources, changes to physical resources, or resource-related costs
Influence
Help project managers solve problems in a timely manner and obtain needed resources
project management information system
output
job performance information
Include work progress information
change request
Project Management Plan Update
resource management plan
progress baseline
cost basis
Project file updates
Lessons Learned Register
Hypothetical log
Problem log
risk register
physical resource allocation sheet
resource breakdown structure
10.3 Supervisory communication
enter
project management plan
resource management plan
Used to understand the actual project organization and any changes to it
communication management plan
Identify team members, relevant parties and related tasks in the communication process
Stakeholder Engagement Plan
Determine the communications strategy you plan to use to engage relevant stakeholders
project files
Problem log
Provide historical information on the project, records of stakeholder involvement issues, and how they were resolved
Lessons Learned Register
Lessons Learned Can Improve Communication Effectiveness
Project communication record
Provide information on communications that have taken place
job performance data
Contains data on the type and amount of communication that actually took place
business environment factors
organizational process assets
Tools & Techniques
expert judgment
project management information system
Data performance
Stakeholder Engagement Assessment Matrix
Provide information about the effectiveness of communication activities. Changes in stakeholder expectations and current levels of engagement should be examined and communications adjusted as necessary.
Interpersonal and team skills
observe/talk
Discussion and dialogue with the project team help determine the most appropriate method for updating and communicating project performance and responding to stakeholder requests for information
Meeting
output
job performance information
change request
Project Management Plan Update
communication management plan
Stakeholder Engagement Plan
No need to go through the change process
Project file updates
Problem log
Lessons Learned Register
Interested Party Register
Update the stakeholder register to include revised stakeholder communication requirements
11.7 Supervision risks
enter
project management plan
risk management plan
Sets out how and when risks will be reviewed, what policies and procedures should be followed, the arrangements for roles and responsibilities related to this oversight process, and the reporting format
project files
Problem log
Check if open issues have been updated and make necessary updates
Lessons Learned Register
Risk-related lessons learned early can be used later in the project
risk register
Controls to assess response plan effectiveness, symptoms and warning signs of risks, residual and secondary risks, and low-priority risk watch lists
risk report
An assessment of overall project risk exposure, together with an agreed risk response strategy, as well as a description of significant individual project risks and their response plans and risk owners
job performance data
Project status information
job performance report
Obtained by analyzing performance measurement results, which can provide information about project work performance, including deviation analysis results, earned value data and forecast data
Tools & Techniques
data analysis
Technical performance analysis
Technical results achieved during execution are compared with plans to achieve relevant technical results
Reserve analysis
Compare the remaining contingency reserves with the remaining risk amounts at any point in the project to determine whether the remaining reserves are still reasonable
audit
Review and document the effectiveness of the risk management process
Meeting
Status review meeting to reassess current risks, close previous risks, and identify new risks
output
job performance information
Can illustrate the effectiveness of risk response planning and response implementation processes
change request
Recommended corrective and preventive actions to address the current overall project risk level or individual project risks
Project Management Plan Update
any component
Project file updates
Hypothetical log
New assumptions may be made, new constraints identified, or existing assumptions or constraints may be re-examined and revised, and the assumption log updated to record
Problem log
Lessons Learned Register
risk register
risk report
Organizational process asset updates
risk breakdown structure
12.3 Control purchasing
enter
project management plan
demand management plan
Describe how contractor requirements will be analyzed, documented and managed
risk management plan
Describe how to structure and implement vendor-initiated project risk management activities
Procurement Management Plan
Specifies the activities required to control the procurement process
change management plan
How to handle changes caused by sellers
progress baseline
If seller schedule delays impact overall schedule performance, the schedule will need to be updated and approved to reflect current expectations
project files
Milestone List
Explain when the seller needs to deliver the results
requirements document
Requirements to be met
Requirements Tracking Matrix
Connect from the source of product requirements to the deliverables that satisfy them
Hypothetical log
Documented assumptions about the procurement process
quality report
Used to identify non-conforming seller processes, procedures and products
Lessons Learned Register
Lessons learned improve contractor performance and procurement processes
risk register
Each seller selected brings special risks
Interested Party Register
Include information about identified parties
protocol
Compliance can be confirmed by comparing the agreement
Procurement documents
Procurement complete supporting records
Approved change request
including modifications to the terms and conditions of the contract
job performance data
Seller data related to project status
business environment factors
organizational process assets
Tools & Techniques
expert judgment
Claims management
Negotiate first
mediate again
final lawsuit
data analysis
performance review
Party A looks at the benchmarks of Party B’s processes to review work performance under the contract
Earned value analysis
Calculate earned value and determine the degree of deviation from the target
trend analysis
Preparation of completion estimates regarding cost performance, whether improvement or deterioration in performance has been determined
examine
Party A looks at the results of Party B’s process (deliverables)
audit
Party A’s process of seeing Party A
output
Procurement closed
Requirements include: all deliverables have been delivered on time and to quality and technical requirements, there are no outstanding claims or invoices, and all final payments have been made. The project management team should approve all deliverables before closing the procurement
job performance information
Performance of the work being performed by the seller
Procurement document updates
The entire schedule used to support the contract, proposed but not approved contract changes, and approved change requests
change request
Project Management Plan Update
risk management plan
If major unexpected risks occur during the execution of the contract, it needs to be updated and the specific risks recorded in the risk register.
Procurement Management Plan
cost basis
The contractor's material prices and labor prices may change with the external economic environment and need to be reflected in the cost baseline
progress baseline
The seller's major schedule changes affect schedule performance and the schedule baseline needs to be updated and approved
Project file updates
Lessons Learned Register
Documentation techniques that effectively maintain procurement work scope, schedule, and costs
Resource requirements
As the contractor's work progresses, resource requirements may need to change because performance of the work does not meet the original plan.
Requirements Tracking Matrix
risk register
Interested Party Register
Organizational process asset updates
13.4 Supervise the participation of relevant parties
enter
project management plan
resource management plan
Determined how to manage team members
communication management plan
Describe the communications plan and strategy applicable to project stakeholders
Stakeholder Engagement Plan
Define a plan for managing stakeholder needs and expectations
project files
Problem log
Document all known issues related to the project and interested parties
Lessons Learned Register
Project communication record
Project communications with stakeholders based on the communications management plan and stakeholder engagement plan are included in the project communications record
risk register
Document risks associated with stakeholder interactions in the set, their classification, and potential responses
Interested Party Register
Three volumes, one record, one record
job performance data
Contains project status data
business environment factors
organizational process assets
Tools & Techniques
data analysis
Alternatives Analysis
When the participation of relevant parties fails to achieve the expected results, carry out alternative analysis and evaluate various alternatives to deal with deviations.
Root Cause Analysis
Determine root causes why stakeholder engagement did not achieve expected results
Stakeholder analysis
Determine the status of stakeholder groups and individuals at any given time on the project
decision making
Multi-criteria decision analysis
Prioritize and weight multiple criteria for the success of stakeholder engagement to identify the most appropriate options
vote
Select the best solution to deal with deviations in stakeholder participation levels
Data performance
Stakeholder Engagement Assessment Matrix
Track the New Year's greetings for each stakeholder's participation level and supervise stakeholder participation
communication skills
feedback
Ensure information sent to relevant parties is received and understood
Demo
Provide clear information to relevant parties
Interpersonal and team skills
active listening
Reduce understanding and communication errors
cultural awareness
political awareness
interpersonal communication
leadership
Meeting
output
job performance information
change request
Project Management Plan Update
resource management plan
communication management plan
Stakeholder Engagement Plan
Project file updates
Problem log
Lessons Learned Register
risk register
Interested Party Register
Three volumes and one ambition
Closing process group
4.7 End the project or phase
enter
Project Charter
Documents project success criteria, approval requirements, and who will sign off on project closure
business documents
business case
business needs
Cost-benefit analysis
Benefit Management Plan
Outline the project’s target benefits
The business case determines whether the project achieves the expected results of the economic feasibility study; Benefits management plan is used to measure whether the project has achieved planned benefits
project management plan
All components
project files
Hypothetical log
Document all assumptions and constraints related to specifications, estimates, schedules, risks, etc.
Change log
Contains the status of all change requests during the entire project or phase
Problem log
Used to confirm that there are no outstanding issues
Lessons Learned Register
Complete the summary of lessons learned for the stage or project before being included in the lessons learned knowledge base.
risk register
Provide information about risks occurring during the project
risk report
Provides information on risk status to confirm that there are no outstanding risks at the end of the project
quality report
Can include all quality assurance matters managed by the team or that need to be reported, suggestions for improvement, and a summary of situations discovered during the quality control process
requirements document
Used to demonstrate compliance with project scope
Estimate basis
Used to evaluate duration, cost and resource estimates, and cost control based on actual results
Project communication record
Contains all communications during the project
Milestone List
List final dates for completion of project milestones
Quality control measurement results
Records the results of quality control activities to demonstrate compliance with quality requirements
Three records, two volumes and two reports require quality control in communication.
Deliverables for acceptance
Includes approved product specifications, delivery receipts and work performance documentation
protocol
The requirements for formal closing of a procurement are usually defined in the contract terms and conditions and included in the procurement management plan
Procurement documents
To close the contract, all procurement documents need to be collected, indexed and archived
This information can be used to draw lessons learned and serve as a basis for evaluating contractors for future contracts.
organizational process assets
Tools & Techniques
expert judgment
data analysis
File analysis
Evaluate existing documentation to help draw lessons learned and share knowledge to improve future projects and organizational assets
regression analysis
Interrelationships between different project variables that act on project outcomes to improve future project performance
trend analysis
Used to confirm the effectiveness of the model used by the organization and make appropriate model adjustments for future projects
Deviation analysis
Improve your organization's measurement metrics by comparing planned goals to final results
Meeting
Closing report meeting
Customer summary meeting
Lessons Learned Summary Meeting
celebration
output
Project file updates
All project files
Lessons Learned Register
Contains final information for phase or project closure
Handover of final product, service or result
Transfer the final product, service, or result delivered by the project from one team to another
final report
Summarize project performance
Overview
Scope objectives, evaluation criteria, and evidence of meeting completion standards
Quality objectives, evaluation standards, relevant verification information and driver Li Chen’s failure to provide delivery diaries and reasons for deviations
Cost targets and reasons for any deviations
Summary of confirmed information for the final product, service or result
The schedule plan objectives include whether the results have achieved the expected benefits of the project. If not, indicate the degree of achievement and estimate the future achievement.
An overview of how the final product, service or outcome will meet the business needs described in the business plan
An overview of risks or problems that occurred during the project and their resolution
Organizational process asset updates
project files
Operations and Support Documents
Project or phase closure documents
Lessons Learned Knowledge Base