Cause of injury; concept of multiple injuries, polytrauma, compound injuries Characteristics of maxillofacial injuries (9 points)

Complications: Classification of asphyxia, clinical features, main first aid measures for obstruction and inhalation, tracheotomy site and related data, indications for cricothyrotomy

Hemostasis methods (compression, ligation, drugs); compression hemostasis methods and respective indications, common carotid artery <5min external carotid artery ligation

Shock infection: main clinical indications; principles of shock treatment (traumatic, blood loss); Principles of shock rehydration

Precautions for acute craniocerebral injury; three types of injury characteristics

Soft tissue injuries: Principle 5 of debridement? Treatment of tongue injury 3 (45); treatment of penetrating buccal injury 3; treatment of palate injury (soft and hard palate) 4; eye, nose and lip injury; parotid gland and duct injury, facial nerve injury (3m)

Alveolar process fracture (three teeth)

Common characteristics of jaw fractures; anatomical factors of maxilla and mandible? Four weak areas of the jaw; differences between direct fractures and indirect fractures; three vertical pillars; four horizontal pillars

Mandibular fracture in English and segmentation; the displacement of the fracture ends of unilateral and bilateral fractures in each fracture segment is related to muscle pulling, mainly anterior to downward and posterior to upward. Condylar fracture classification, clinical manifestations 6 symptoms of mandibular fracture

Classification of maxillary fractures and typical symptoms of each classification

Diagnosis of jaw fracture: initial diagnosis, inspection, palpation, imaging examination

Jaw fracture treatment: treatment principles, timing, and preservation principles Reduction methods (manual, intermaxillary, craniomandibular, surgical incision): intermaxillary traction timing, time, contraindications, complications What are the approaches for mandibular fractures and related data? Jaw fracture fixation: single jaw fixation, intermaxillary fixation (respective time for the upper and lower jaws?); Indications of strong internal fixation (7, multiple total defects, edentulism, infection), maxillary and mandibular retention methods and position basis; The maxilla is retained at least three points; the mandibular force-bearing weak area and retention principles (6 holes) Bone setting materials, forms of jaw fixation

Indications for conservative treatment of condylar fractures; indications for surgery6 Zygomatic bone and zygomatic arch fractures are classified into 6 categories from an anatomical perspective; classified from a treatment perspective; clinical manifestations are 5 Clinical manifestations of orbital fractures Clinical manifestations of nasal bone fractures

What are the concepts, locations, and clinical manifestations of total facial fractures 4; intermaxillary ligation and fixation are strictly prohibited; principles of surgery; reduction sequence

Fracture healing process, concept of secondary bone healing; concept of primary bone healing; gap healing; characteristics of primary bone healing

Tumor English and concepts Ranking of incidence rates of maxillofacial malignant tumors in my country Possible causes of oral tumors

Definition of borderline tumors and specific tumors The concept, characteristics and symptoms of benign tumors Characteristics, symptoms, and classification of oral cancer (clinical classification) of malignant tumors Common sites of lymphatic metastasis of malignant tumors

8 points for identifying benign and malignant tumors

Clinical examination at diagnosis: visual touch (deep bimanual) listening What are the imaging examination methods and their respective advantages? Puncture examination indications and corresponding disease characteristics, the diagnosis rate is 95% Precautions for living tissue Tumor marker examination

Treatment principles, the first treatment is the key Benign tumor resection principles Treatment methods for malignant tumors (lymphohematopoiesis, sarcoma neuromelanin, squamous cell carcinoma) The respective meanings of TNM classification

Principles of surgery; tumor-free operation (8 points, decompression and reconstruction, exposure, electrolysis, replacement, postoperative) Neck lymphadenectomy classification, dissection principles Contraindications for surgical treatment

Characteristics of radiotherapy, characteristics of chemotherapy; hypothermia therapy Comprehensive sequence therapy concept and English

Three-level prevention of oral cancer; 4 points of prevention content; concept, English and classification of precancerous lesions, what are precancerous conditions?

What are soft tissue cysts and which ones are the most common? Sebaceous cyst in English, etiology, content characteristics, clinical characteristics (difference from epidermoid cyst), malignant transformation, surgical treatment Epidermoid cyst and dermoid cyst in English, causes, and characteristics of their respective contents; Each predilection site; different manifestations of different sites (mylohyoid muscle and geniohyoid muscle subdivision); puncture biopsy contents

Thyroglossal duct cyst in English, cause, thyroglossal duct disappearance time site of occurrence, age; Clinical characteristics, affecting function; thyroglossal duct fistula, canceration Characteristics of puncture and differentiation from tongue-displaced thyroid; key to surgical resection

Branchial cleft cyst in English, pathological characteristics; age of highest incidence Site, source classification (mandibular angle, omohyoid muscle, base of neck) Most common source; Differentiation from carotid body tumors; Outcome Diagnosis of puncture contents and possible malignant transformation; treatment precautions (face side)

Odontogenic cyst in English and what it includes and its classification (inflammatory and developmental) The English and concepts of periapical cyst and residual cyst English and concepts of dentigerous cyst, English and characteristics of keratocyst Where are the common sites of occurrence of each of the three types of cysts?

What are the common manifestations of odontogenic cysts (deformity, table tennis, parchment, teeth, pathological fractures, vision) Special manifestations of periapical cyst: teeth Conversion between dentigerous cyst and keratinized cyst and characteristics of contents

Characteristics of puncture of dentigerous cyst, characteristics of puncture of keratocyst Imaging manifestations of cysts How to treat, which ones are more likely to relapse, and how to remove them (depending on the situation) It is important to identify the three types of cysts

English, concepts and sources of non-odontogenic cysts; high-risk groups What is included (bulb nose and straight nose) The common site of bulbomaxillary cyst and X; the site of nasolabial cyst and X Nasopalatine cyst site and X; Median cyst site and X Operation

The concept and characteristics of pseudocyst Which cysts are included: simple, quiescent, aneurysmal What are their respective X-ray manifestations and special clinical manifestations? Where are the predilection sites for static and aneurysmal sites?

Benign tumors include: nevus, gingival tumor, fibroma, papilloma, Odontogenic tumors (ameloblastoma, cementoma, odontoma), hemangiomas, vascular malformations, neural, eosinophilic, osteogenic

English, concepts and classification of pigmented nevus; color characteristics, shape and subjective symptoms Common types of melanoma nevus; how to treat them (common and malignant)

Classification of gingivoma, common symptoms, X-ray, teeth, corresponding treatment (first treatment and traditional treatment) Special symptoms of fibroids, symptoms after infiltration; surgery The English, concepts and characteristics of papilloma, and HPV; what types are included?

What is the English and concept of odontogenic tumor? What is included (odontoma, cementoma, myxoma, ameloblastoma) Ameloblastoma in English, definition and classification; common age and location; clinical characteristics (primary invasive symptoms teeth); X-ray manifestations; differential diagnosis Treatment steps and extent of resection; identification of ameloblastoma and odontogenic cyst

Predisposed locations and ages of hemangiomas; biological behavioral staging and staging time points Deep typing Vascular malformations in English, concepts, and classification into 5 categories Distribution characteristics, performance characteristics, classification, and spontaneous regression of venous malformations Characteristics of venous malformation contents and color characteristics: postural shift test Arteriovenous malformation pulsation, blowing murmur, dangerous Classification of lymphatic malformations, characterized by radiolucent testing How to diagnose? diagnostic treatment How to treat, it is also classified into categories: blood beta; pulse light, static and static, dynamic and static embolism; lymphatic stiffness

What do neurogenic tumors include? Characteristics of schwannomas, puncture characteristics; surgery Neurofibroma blood supply, texture, and treatment classification

Histological features of eosinophilic granuloma Clinical manifestations (by name); radiotherapy

What are bone-derived tumors? Differential diagnosis of ossifying fibroma, X manifestations X-ray manifestations of giant cell tumor of bone

Prevalent types; the most common pathological types of squamous cell carcinoma, and the most common locations Grading; Differentiation of Benign and Malignant Tumors 8 Clinical classification of cancer? 3; What are the diagnostic requirements for oral cancer?

What is the English and classification of tongue cancer (by location); the most common site (apical dorsum) What are the symptoms: manifestations, subjective symptoms; Metastasis situation: high early lymph nodes, one side; relationship between cancer site and metastatic lymph nodes Distant metastasis: lung

Buccal mucosal cancer English and concepts; scope of buccal cancer Infiltration of common areas and surrounding areas lymphatic metastasis site

Gum cancer in English, its common sites and types Symptoms: Primary infiltration symptoms Lymphatic metastasis: separation of mandible and maxilla

Origin of palate cancer, symptoms: primary infiltration transfer

Floor of mouth cancer in English and its common sites Symptoms: primary infiltration Metastases: high, submandibular-deep cervical-bilateral

Oral Cancer Treatment: Early Stage: Extended Simultaneous or Staged Neck Lymph Node Dissection Comprehensive treatment in middle and late stages Defect reconstruction

Lip cancer in English, location, and main pathological types Prevalent sites and symptoms: primary and metastasis Lymphatic metastasis classification (upper and lower lips) Treatment methods, lymphadenectomy indications

Oropharyngeal cancer in English and its causes; 6 typical characteristics of oropharyngeal cancer Main pathological types, predilection sites, symptom types; infiltration surroundings and symptoms Lymphatic metastasis site, high metastasis Treatment: early radiotherapy, comprehensive treatment

Facial skin cancer classification, common types Squamous cell carcinoma metastasis and corresponding symptoms Symptoms and progression of basal cell carcinoma Differentiation from malignant melanoma Treatment method: All can be used, Pingyangmycin; treatment plan design (margin 1cm)

Maxillary sinus cancer in English and common pathological types Clinical manifestations occurring in the inner and outer upper and lower posterior walls and metastasis respectively lymphatic metastasis Treatment: Comprehensive, Amplified

Central jaw cancer in English, sources, and common sites Symptoms: Primary infiltration symptoms Lymphatic metastasis; primary symptoms, X-ray findings, differential diagnosis Treatment: Extended mandibular resection (midline)

Soft tissue sarcoma in English, origin, cause, type What are the common manifestations of sarcomas: primary, invasive, and less metastatic The basic treatment method is local radical wide excision; therapeutic neck lymphadenectomy

Causes of osteogenic sarcoma and age of highest incidence; Symptoms: primary infiltration and metastasis X manifestations of various types of sarcoma (bone, bone: lytic, soft, fibrous, Ewing) Treatment: Comprehensive, Extended, Chemotherapy

Malignant lymphoma in English, classification, and where is the most common site: neck Main symptoms: ulcers, necrosis Clinical manifestation classification: intranodal type extranodal type Characteristics and clinical symptoms of lymphoid leukemia, NK/T lymphoma, and Burkitt lymphoma Treatment method: early onset and late onset

plasma cell sarcoma

Sources of malignant melanoma, prevention methods Clinical manifestations: color, special manifestations, metastasis Biopsy notes, treatment methods, lymph node dissection methods

Langerhans cell disease classification names and corresponding predilection sites and symptoms The three major symptoms of Hanschke's disease are most common in age groups

What does the salivary glands include? What are salivary gland inflammations and what are they in English?

The English and concept of acute suppurative mumps, the main pathogenic bacteria What are the early manifestations; characteristic clinical manifestations; palpation conditions, peripheral infiltration, complications Diagnostic key points and precautions; Treatment procedures, indications for incision and drainage

Chronic relapsing mumps English and definition High incidence age, clinical manifestations (parotid fluid, duct opening, inflammatory symptoms, chronic characteristics) Diagnostic key points, characteristics of parotidography, and what are the differential diagnoses Treatment principles and corresponding characteristics

Chronic obstructive mumps in English, age of onset, characteristics of onset, and clinical manifestations Characteristics of parotidography Treatment procedures, treatment principles

English and definition of sialolithiasis, age of highest incidence What are the clinical manifestations (chronic obstruction), radiation; examination Commonly used films and corresponding indications What are the differential diagnoses? What is the purpose of treatment, 99mTC How to treat

What are salivary gland-specific infections? Salivary gland tuberculosis in English, its concept, origin, and most common locations; corresponding symptoms Histological manifestations of HIV-associated salivary gland disease IgG related sialadenitis

What are the characteristics of salivary gland injury? Why is the parotid gland easily damaged but not easily damaged? Classification of salivary gland fistulas, typical manifestations How to treat? Treatment procedure? Treatment classification?

The concept of Sjögren syndrome in English and its classification and causes Prevalent gender, age, typical symptoms (severe and severe) Diagnostic methods, what is ink application test, tetraiodine tetrachloride fluorescence staining Main manifestations of labial gland biopsy How to treat? Symptomatic methods, what aspects of treatment

Pathological classification of salivary gland mucocele Classification of clinical manifestations (different locations of onset) Mucocele onset site, pathological characteristics (color) Classification of sublingual gland cysts (simple, extraoral, dumbbell) and their respective symptoms and scope How to treat, classify and remove

Salivary gland hypertrophy definition and English, common age and location, Typical clinical manifestations and preferred examinations

Characteristics of salivary gland tumors (proportion, location, age, male and female) Common characteristics of tumors in different locations 3 Characteristics of tumors in different locations10 Characteristics of tumors in each location: sublingual gland, minor salivary gland, mucoepidermoid carcinoma, lingual gland

Salivary gland tumors contraindicated for biopsy Selection of examination methods: B-ultrasound, CT, sialography, 99mTC Limitations of fine-needle aspiration biopsy4 The preferred treatment method and what are the principles of surgery5

Pleomorphic adenoma status, classification, histopathological manifestations, and corresponding characteristics Clinical manifestations: texture, growth, size, mobility; characteristics of malignant transformation Scope of surgery

Warthin's tumor in English and other names, causes, pathological manifestations, male to female ratio Predilection age, location, cross-section, and characteristic inspection How to treat 0.5

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma status; predilection gender and location Pathological classification, high differentiation characteristics, low differentiation and opposite How to treat, treatment method

Common sites of adenoid cystic carcinoma What are the clinical features: neural, infiltrative, hematogenous, lymphatic, medullary cavity, treatment, growth rate

Classification of temporomandibular joint diseases

What are the causes and clinical characteristics of temporomandibular joint disorders? Four major clinical manifestations and related accompanying symptoms What are the differential diagnoses (specific general classification, respective key points) 7 points on the treatment principles of temporomandibular joint

Specific classification of masticatory muscle disorders 4 points for the treatment of myalgia (self, non, benefit, sue) Symptoms of lateral pterygoid muscle hyperfunction and how to treat it (closed training) Symptoms of masticatory muscle spasm and how to treat it

What are the classifications of joint structural disorders? Symptoms of reducible anterior disc displacement (snapping, deflection, obstruction) and how to treat it (repositioning the bite plate) Symptoms and treatment of irreducible predisplacement (reduction and closure)

Inflammatory disease causes and treatments Joint osteopathy treatment

Definition and classification of temporomandibular joint dislocation (3 types) Clinical manifestations and classification of acute anterior dislocation (bilateral, unilateral) Recurrent symptoms Acute dislocation treatment, reduction and fixation 123 treatment of recurrence

Definition and classification of temporomandibular joint ankylosis What are the manifestations of intra-articular ankylosis (opening, lower face, single and double, relationship, condyle), imaging features The symptoms of extra-articular ankylosis are the same as above; imaging examination Differentiation of true and false treatments (medical history, scars, development, occlusion, effects) What are the treatments for intra-articular ankylosis (Loose, Cheng) Extra-articular ankylosing surgery precautions and methods How to prevent recurrence, how much bone to cut 1

What does temporomandibular joint cyst include? Synovial cyst symptoms, imaging tests Ganglion cyst symptoms

What are benign tumors of the temporomandibular joint? What are the symptoms of synovial chondroma, stage 3 Treatment of synovial chondroma (different situations)

Master: the pathogenesis of cleft lip and palate; pathogenic factors ;Deformity classification ;sequence treatment ;Principles of surgical deformity correction and main technical points. Familiar with: Perioperative management of cleft lip and palate; second-stage plastic surgery and related auxiliary treatments

The stages of facial development, what is the process, palate development The formation mechanism of cleft lip, face and palate; palate formation and deformity classification What are the risk factors7

Multidisciplinary comprehensive sequential treatment of cleft lip and palate in English and concepts Cleft lip and palate sequence treatment team composition How does it work? 4 What are the general principles for sequential treatment of cleft lip 4 (dental arch, selective, stage I, stage II)

Classification of cleft lip (I, II, III) odd and even Lip structure (orientation, attachment, cartilage) in patients with unilateral cleft lip Bilateral cleft lip nasolabial manifestations (Both sides, middle, with cleft palate) Best age for surgery (odd or even) 3 and 10 principles

Principles of surgical repair of cleft lip 10 (3 symmetrical, 2 reserved, involution, valgus, light scar; separation and transverse incision) What are the basic steps 4

Common surgical methods for cleft lip repair (classic, modified, Changgeng, Huaxi) Principle 4 of bilabial plastic surgery (anterior lip, original, plus) Suture: straight line; forked flap reserve method (extending columella)

Cleft lip and nose deformity repair Initial Principle 5 (nasal base, soft fissure, symmetry, alar cartilage,)

Characteristics of the hard palate of patients with cleft palate 4 (bone, cleft, open, small) Characteristics of the soft palate (not ring-shaped in the midline) Classification of cleft palate (soft, incomplete, odd or even)

Cleft palate treatment principles 5 (comprehensive, speech, orthodontics, ear and nose, psychiatric psychology) Surgical principles 5 (closure, reduction, retention, development, safety) Early surgery time and advantages Surgical method (palatoplasty)

Causes, locations and classification of alveolar protrusion What is the purpose of surgery (closure, restoration of function)

Dentofacial deformity English and concepts; What is orthognathic surgery in English What are the causes of dentofacial deformities? What are the innate factors 2 What are the acquired factors? 5; The timing of treatment?

There are 6 categories of occlusal deformity classification (over, under, tooth, double, asymmetric, secondary) What is broad face syndrome? What is long face syndrome? What is brachyfacial syndrome? What is asymmetric dentofacial deformity 3

Classification of facial shapes Classification of skeletal malocclusion Principles 8 for the correction of dentofacial deformities (morphology, orthodontics, procedures, measurement, simulation, biological basis, heart, indications) The concept of VTO analysis

What treatment procedures include; What are the main principles of preoperative orthodontic correction 4 (removal of interference, gap root, occlusal curve, occlusal relationship) What happens if you don’t have orthodontic treatment? What are the important conditions and precautions for orthognathic surgery and what are the keys to success? Timing of postoperative orthodontic treatment

What are the commonly used orthognathic surgeries? English, concepts and indications of maxillary anterior osteotomy 2 (upper, double) LeFort type I osteotomy concept and indication 3 (three-dimensional, upper occlusal surface, double) 5mm subapical osteotomy in the anterior part of the mandible, indication 2 (lower, double) SSRD concept of mandibular ramus sagittal split surgery, indication 2 (deficient, excessive) Mandibular ramus vertical osteotomy concept, indications (retraction 10, double) Genioplasty concept double jaw surgery Mandibular angulation surgery (osteotomy, resection)

Orthognathic surgery post-operative care precautions What are the complications 8

What is the cause 3 What are the main treatment considerations? Classification according to operation time and related operation types

What are the 4 technical characteristics of plastic surgery (sterility, preservation, scarring, microscopy) Four basic requirements for microvascular suturing (intima, adventitia, stenosis, and no tension) What are the suturing methods 2 Stitching order! Precautions 4 when suturing (thrombosis, spasm relief, reflux,)

Classification and English of free skin grafts What are the English and other names of the superficial skin graft, the tissue it contains, what are its characteristics 4 (anti-infection, granulation, scarring, again); what are its disadvantages (shrinkage, pigmentation, spasm) Mid-posterior skin graft in English, including tissue, characteristics 3 (elasticity, pigment, function) Full-thickness skin graft in English, including tissue; Feature 2 (mobility, face) Cutting requirements; Disadvantage 3 (pigment, fat, thickness?)

What are the indications for free skin grafting5 Physiological changes after skin graft transplantation 7 (2-3 days survival, pressure, hard, soft, normal after 1 year)

Definition of skin flap transplantation and difference from free skin graft Proportional requirements for different parts of the pedicled flap (limb trunk, face, blood supply) What are the classifications of pedicled skin flaps? Random flap classification (displacement, glide, rotation) Axial flap classification (island, tunnel)

Free flap classification Precautions 6 for pedicled skin flaps and tubular skin flaps (consider, methylene blue, facial nerve, adequate hemostasis and compression dressing, medium-thickness free skin grafting) Precautions for free flap 6 (difficulty, proficiency, blood vessel caliber, more than 5cm)

What are the postoperative treatments: temperature, antibacterial, negative pressure, vascular crisis What are the postoperative observation items: color temperature and texture; capillary refill test? Pinprick bleeding test? Sequence of feeling recovery

Sleep disordered breathing SDB English and concepts What are the common clinical manifestations (sleep, daily function, whole body, low pass) Mechanisms of sleep-disordered breathing 4 (anatomy, muscles, central, threshold)

What are the clinical manifestations of sleep disordered breathing 4 (objective and subjective symptoms) How to diagnose/diagnosis key points Polysomnography English PSG concept

What is the sleep apnea index (AHI, Lsao2) Graduation standard

What are the non-surgical treatments 4 (PAP, oral appliances, weight loss, drugs) Goals of surgical treatment (expansion) What are the determinants of upper airway space 5 (median osteochondral nerve) Endonasal Reconstructive Surgery Methods 4 Palatopharyngoplasty

Causes of childhood disease (structural 4, neurological, genetic, obesity) Four major hazards What are the clinical manifestations (night, day, behavior, development)

Adenoid face? Comprehensive Sequence Therapy 3 Parts