MindMap Gallery Experimental Techniques in Molecular Biology and Chemical Genetics
Experimental techniques in molecular biology and chemical genetics include molecular cloning (steps of gene cloning and its application in gene expression studies), PCR (principles, steps, and types for gene amplification and disease diagnosis), and gel electrophoresis (separation, purification, and visualization of DNA/RNA for gene analysis).
Edited at 2024-12-04 13:24:43In the introduction section, elastin is a protein that plays a crucial role in the body, endowing tissues with elasticity and toughness. Its properties include high elasticity and good ductility. Elastin has a wide range of sources and is commonly found in animal connective tissues such as skin and blood vessels. When using elastin in products, the amount and method of addition should be determined based on the characteristics of the product. It has many uses and can be added to skincare products to enhance skin elasticity and reduce wrinkles; Improving food texture and enhancing taste in the food industry; In the medical field, it can be used to make elastic scaffolds such as artificial blood vessels, providing support for tissue repair. Reasonable use can play its unique value.
This document aims to guide the proper use of proteins. Proteins are the fundamental substances that make up life and are essential for maintaining normal physiological functions in the body, with a wide variety of types. When using protein, daily diet is an important source, such as meat, eggs, etc., which are rich in high-quality protein. Measuring protein intake can be done using professional tools or methods to ensure that the intake meets the body's needs. When mixing protein powder, it should be prepared according to the recommended ratio, and the water temperature should not be too high to avoid damaging the protein activity. Different groups of people have different protein requirements, such as athletes and fitness enthusiasts who can increase their intake appropriately to meet the needs of body repair and muscle growth.
Introduction to Unsaturated Polyester Resin: It is an important thermosetting resin with various excellent properties. It has a wide range of applications and is used in the construction industry to produce fiberglass products such as doors, windows, decorative panels, etc; Used in the automotive industry for manufacturing body components. The advantages of use include simple molding process, low cost, and chemical corrosion resistance. However, it also faces challenges and limitations, such as relatively poor heat resistance and susceptibility to aging. During use, corresponding protective measures should be taken according to specific application scenarios, such as adding heat-resistant agents, antioxidants, etc., to extend their service life and fully leverage their advantages.
In the introduction section, elastin is a protein that plays a crucial role in the body, endowing tissues with elasticity and toughness. Its properties include high elasticity and good ductility. Elastin has a wide range of sources and is commonly found in animal connective tissues such as skin and blood vessels. When using elastin in products, the amount and method of addition should be determined based on the characteristics of the product. It has many uses and can be added to skincare products to enhance skin elasticity and reduce wrinkles; Improving food texture and enhancing taste in the food industry; In the medical field, it can be used to make elastic scaffolds such as artificial blood vessels, providing support for tissue repair. Reasonable use can play its unique value.
This document aims to guide the proper use of proteins. Proteins are the fundamental substances that make up life and are essential for maintaining normal physiological functions in the body, with a wide variety of types. When using protein, daily diet is an important source, such as meat, eggs, etc., which are rich in high-quality protein. Measuring protein intake can be done using professional tools or methods to ensure that the intake meets the body's needs. When mixing protein powder, it should be prepared according to the recommended ratio, and the water temperature should not be too high to avoid damaging the protein activity. Different groups of people have different protein requirements, such as athletes and fitness enthusiasts who can increase their intake appropriately to meet the needs of body repair and muscle growth.
Introduction to Unsaturated Polyester Resin: It is an important thermosetting resin with various excellent properties. It has a wide range of applications and is used in the construction industry to produce fiberglass products such as doors, windows, decorative panels, etc; Used in the automotive industry for manufacturing body components. The advantages of use include simple molding process, low cost, and chemical corrosion resistance. However, it also faces challenges and limitations, such as relatively poor heat resistance and susceptibility to aging. During use, corresponding protective measures should be taken according to specific application scenarios, such as adding heat-resistant agents, antioxidants, etc., to extend their service life and fully leverage their advantages.
Experimental Techniques in Molecular Biology and Chemical Genetics
Molecular Cloning
DNA Isolation
Cell Lysis
Purification of DNA
Vector Selection
Plasmids
Bacteriophages
Insertion of Gene of Interest
Restriction Enzyme Digestion
Ligation Reaction
Transformation into Host Cells
Competent Cell Preparation
Heat Shock or Electroporation
Screening and Selection
Colony PCR
DNA Sequencing
Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)
Primer Design
Target Sequence Specificity
Melting Temperature (Tm)
Reaction Components
DNA Polymerase
dNTPs
Buffer
Thermal Cycling
Denaturation
Annealing
Extension
Applications
Genotyping
Sitedirected Mutagenesis
Gel Electrophoresis
Agarose Gel Preparation
Agarose Concentration
Buffer Solution
Sample Loading
DNA Ladder
Staining with Dyes
Running the Gel
Voltage and Current Settings
Electrophoresis Time
Visualization
UV Light
Ethidium Bromide Staining
DNA Sequencing
Sanger Sequencing
Dideoxynucleotide Termination
Capillary Electrophoresis
NextGeneration Sequencing (NGS)
HighThroughput Sequencing
Library Preparation
Protein Expression and Purification
Expression Systems
Bacterial Expression
Mammalian Cell Culture
Lysis and Solubilization
Sonication
Detergents and Chaotropic Agents
Affinity Chromatography
HisTag Purification
Immunoaffinity Chromatography
Size Exclusion Chromatography
Molecular Sieving
Buffer Exchange
Western Blotting
Sample Preparation
Protein Denaturation
SDSPAGE Sample Buffer
Gel Electrophoresis
Separation of Proteins
Transfer to Membrane
Immunodetection
Primary Antibody Binding
Secondary Antibody Conjugate
Signal Detection
Chemiluminescence
Fluorescence
Immunoprecipitation
Antibody Selection
Monoclonal vs. Polyclonal
Antibody Specificity
Binding to Protein
Incubation Conditions
Bead Preparation
Washing and Elution
Removal of Nonspecific Binders
Elution Buffer
Analysis
SDSPAGE
Mass Spectrometry
Fluorescence Microscopy
Fluorophore Selection
Excitation and Emission Wavelengths
Photostability
Sample Preparation
Fixation
Permeabilization
Image Acquisition
Confocal Microscopy
Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence (TIRF)
Image Analysis
Quantification of Fluorescence
Colocalization Studies
Chemical Genetics
Small Molecule Libraries
Natural Product Collections
Synthetic Compound Libraries
HighThroughput Screening (HTS)
Assay Development
Automated Liquid Handling
Hit Identification and Validation
DoseResponse Curves
Specificity Testing
Mechanism of Action Studies
Genetic Suppression
Chemical Probes
CRISPRCas9 Genome Editing
Guide RNA Design
Target Site Selection
Offtarget Analysis
Cas9 Protein Delivery
Plasmid Transfection
Ribonucleoprotein Complexes
Mutation Detection
T7 Endonuclease I Assay
NextGeneration Sequencing
Applications
Gene Knockout
Gene Knockin
Mass Spectrometry
Sample Preparation
Protein Digestion
Desalting
Ionization Techniques
Electrospray Ionization (ESI)
MatrixAssisted Laser Desorption/Ionization (MALDI)
Mass Analyzer Types
TimeofFlight (TOF)
Orbitrap
Data Interpretation
Peptide Mass Fingerprinting
Tandem Mass Spectrometry (MS/MS)