MindMap Gallery Pharmacology
This is a mind map about pharmacology. Pharmacology is the science that studies the interaction between drugs and organisms (organisms) and their laws and mechanisms. It mainly involves the action mechanism, pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, etc. of drugs. Its research objects are drugs and the body, aiming to reveal how drugs affect the body and how the body processes drugs.
Edited at 2024-11-29 11:28:16這是一篇關於把時間當作朋友的心智圖,《把時間當作朋友》是一本關於時間管理和個人成長的實用指南。作者李笑來透過豐富的故事和生動的例子,教導讀者如何克服拖延、提高效率、規劃未來等實用技巧。這本書不僅適合正在為未來奮鬥的年輕人,也適合所有希望更好地管理時間、實現個人成長的人。
This is a mind map about treating time as a friend. "Treating Time as a Friend" is a practical guide on time management and personal growth. Author Li Xiaolai teaches readers practical skills on how to overcome procrastination, improve efficiency, and plan for the future through rich stories and vivid examples. This book is not only suitable for young people who are struggling for the future, but also for everyone who wants to better manage time and achieve personal growth.
這七個習慣相輔相成,共同構成了高效能人士的核心特質。透過培養這些習慣,人們可以提升自己的領導力、溝通能力、團隊協作能力和自我管理能力,從而在工作和生活中取得更大的成功。
這是一篇關於把時間當作朋友的心智圖,《把時間當作朋友》是一本關於時間管理和個人成長的實用指南。作者李笑來透過豐富的故事和生動的例子,教導讀者如何克服拖延、提高效率、規劃未來等實用技巧。這本書不僅適合正在為未來奮鬥的年輕人,也適合所有希望更好地管理時間、實現個人成長的人。
This is a mind map about treating time as a friend. "Treating Time as a Friend" is a practical guide on time management and personal growth. Author Li Xiaolai teaches readers practical skills on how to overcome procrastination, improve efficiency, and plan for the future through rich stories and vivid examples. This book is not only suitable for young people who are struggling for the future, but also for everyone who wants to better manage time and achieve personal growth.
這七個習慣相輔相成,共同構成了高效能人士的核心特質。透過培養這些習慣,人們可以提升自己的領導力、溝通能力、團隊協作能力和自我管理能力,從而在工作和生活中取得更大的成功。
Pharmacology
Cholines
choline mimetics
choline receptor agonist
M choline receptor agonist
Pilocarpine (pilocarpine)
N-choline receptor agonist
Nicotine (nicotine)
anticholinesterase drugs
Cholinesterase compound drug (AchE reactivation drug)
Refractory anticholinesterase drugs
neostigmine
Physostigmine
anticholinergics
M choline receptor blockers
M1 choline receptor blockers
atropine
Pirenzepine
M2 choline receptor blockers
atropine
M3 choline receptor blockers
atropine
Isopropyl atropine
N-choline receptor blockers
ganglion blocking drugs
Mecamylamine
Zhanghuang Mifang
Skeletal muscle relaxants
Succinylcholine (Succinylcholine)
tubocurarine
Adrenaline
Adrenergic drugs
alpha adrenoceptor agonist
Norepinephrine (NA\NE)
metahydroxylamine (alamine)
phenylephrine (phenylephrine)
alpha, beta adrenoceptor agonists
Adrenaline (AD)
Dopamine (DA)
Ephedrine
beta adrenoceptor agonists
Isoproterenol (ISO)
dopaminerol
anti-adrenergic drugs
alpha receptor blockers
Phentolamine
Tolazoline
phenoxybenzamine
beta blockers
Non-selective beta-blockers
propranolol
timolol
Pindolol
Selectivity
Metoprolol
acebutolol
alpha, beta blockers
labelore
Heat-clearing, analgesic and anti-inflammatory drugs
Non-selective cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitors
Salicylates
Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid)
Anilines
Acetaminophen (paracetamol)
Feeling well
White plus black film
Ganmaoling granules
Compound pseudoephedrine hydrochloride release capsules
Mepu pseudo-hemp tablets
Kang Bide
Quick-acting cold capsules
Jingan capsule
Vitamin C Yinqiao Tablets
Arylpropylamines
ibuprofen
Naproxen, fenoprofen, ketoprofen, flurbiprofen, oxpromazine
Enolic acids
piroxicam
Meloxicam
Indoles
Indomethacin (Indomethacin)
other
Diclofenac
Anakin
Aminopyrine
Antipyrine
Selective cyclooxygenase (COX-2) inhibitors
celecoxib
Nimesulide
dehydration medicine
Mannitol 20%
Glucose 50%
Sorbitol 25%
Osmotic diuretics
antigout medicine
probenecid
colchicine
diuretics
High potency diuretics
Furosemide (furosemide, furosemide)
Ethacrynic acid (diuretic acid)
bumetanide
Moderate potency diuretics (thiazides)
Hydrochlorothiazide
Indapamide
chlorothiazide
Chlorthalidone
Metolazone
low potency diuretics
potassium sparing diuretics
Spironolactone (spironolactone)
triamterene, amiloride
carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
Acetazolamide
antihypertensive drugs
diuretics
Hydrochlorothiazide
calcium channel blockers
nifedipine
verapamil, dildrocetate
Amlodipine (Norvax)
Niqun Diping, Lasi Diping
beta blockers
propranolol
angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor
Captopril (Kabotong, captopril)
Angiotensin II receptor blockers
Losartan
Valsartan
other
central antihypertensive drugs
clonidine
Drugs that affect sympathetic neurotransmitters
reserpine
Guanetidine
alpha receptor blockers
Prazosin
Terazosin
doxazosin
Vasodilators (drugs that relax blood vessel smooth muscle)
sodium nitroprusside
Hydralazine (Hydralazine)
antiarrhythmic drugs
Class I sodium channel blockers
Category Ia (moderate)
Quinidine
Procainamide
Disopyramide
Category Ib (mild)
lidocaine
Phenytoin
Mexiletine
Category Ic (moderate)
propafenone
Class II drugs: β-blockers
propranolol
Class III drugs: drugs that prolong action potential duration
Amiodarone
Class IV calcium antagonists
Verapamil
Medications to Treat Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)
cardiac glycosides
digoxin aglycone
digoxigenin
Non-cardiac glycoside inotropes
Milrinone, Aminrinone, Pimobendan
Positive inotropy and vasodilation
Dopamine, Isobupramine, Dobutamine
diuretics
renin-angiotensin (RAS) inhibitors
Captopril
Losartan, Valsartan, Irbesartan
Spironolactone
beta blockers
metoprolol, carvedilol, bisoprolol
vasodilators
Nitrates, sodium nitroprusside, hydralazine, prazoline, nifedipine
antianginal drugs
Nitrates
Nitroglycerin
Isosorbide dinitrate (cardiac pain)
beta blockers
propranolol
calcium antagonists
nifedipine
Verapamil
diltiazem
Lipid-regulating drugs and anti-atherosclerotic drugs
Lipid-adjusting drugs
HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor
bile acid binding resin
Cholestyramine (cholestyramine)
Aniline acids
fibrates
Clofibrate, Jifeibizil
Niacin
niacin
acipimox
Antioxidants
Probucao
polyene fatty acids
Drugs that act on the blood and hematopoietic system
anticoagulants
heparin
Low molecular weight heparin (LMWH)
Coumarins (oral anticoagulants)
Sodium citrate (extracorporeal anticoagulant)
antiplatelet drugs
aspirin
Lidogrel
Ticlopidine
argatroban
Lamifeban
Fibrinolytic drugs (thrombolytic drugs)
Streptokinase
Urokinase
Procoagulants
Vitamin K
fibrinolysis inhibitors
benzoic acid
tranexamic acid
anti-anemia drugs
iron supplement
Oral: ferrous sulfate, ferrous citrate
Injection: Iron dextran
folic acid
Vitamin B12
blood volume expansion drugs
Dextran
Histamine and antihistamines
Commonly used H1 receptor antagonists
Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
Promethazine (Phenergan)
tripelenamine (chlorpheniramine)
Chlorpheniramine (Chlorpheniramine)
H2 receptor antagonists (see Digestive System)
Cimetidine, cimetidine, ranitidine, famotidine, nizatidine, roxatidine, furanosine
Antiepileptic and anticonvulsant drugs
anti-epileptic
Phenytoin (Talentin)
Carbamazepine (carbamazepine)
primidone
ethosuximide
lamotrigine
Flunarizine
anti epilepsy
benzodiazepines
diazepam
Clonazepam
Nitrazepam (Nitroazepam)
anticonvulsants
Magnesium sulfate
Drugs to treat degenerative diseases of the central nervous system
antiparkinsonian drugs
Dopamine-like drugs
Levodopa
Carbidopa, benserazide
Silaijilan
Niticamine
Tokamin
Antocamine
Bromocriptine
Amantadine
Central anticholinergic drugs
Trihexyphenidyl (Antan)
subtopic
Drugs to treat Alzheimer's disease
Tacrine
galantamine
donepezil, huperzine potassium, rivastigmine, memantine, memantine
antipsychotic drugs
antischizophrenia drugs
Phenothiazines
Chlorpromazine (Hibernating Spirit)
Thiaxanthenes
Telden (chlorprothixol)
Butyrophenones
haloperidol
droperidol
pimozide
antimanic drugs
Lithium carbonate
antidepressants
Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)
Dothipin (doxepin)
Amitriptyline
Imipramine (imipramine)
NE uptake inhibitors
Desipramine
5-HT reuptake inhibitors
Fluoxetine
analgesics
opiate agonists
morphine
codeine
Meperidine (pethidine)
Methadone
Fentanyl
dihydroetorphine
Opioid receptor partial agonists and agonist-antagonists
Pentazocine (new analgesic)
Butofino
Buprenorphine
other
tramadol
Tetrahydropydalin (new central analgesic)
opioid receptor antagonists
Naloxone
Naltrexone
sedative hypnotics
benzodiazepines
Diazepam (Dazepam)
Estazolam (Sulazepam)
Flurazepam (flurazepam)
Triazolam (triazolam, Ecstasy)
barbiturates
antifungal drugs
Amphotericin B
fluconazole
itraconazole
Ketoconazole
clotrimazole
Miconazole
terbinafine
Caspofungin
Flucytosine
griseofulvin
antiviral drugs
broad spectrum antiviral drugs
Ribavirin
Interferon
transfer factor
Thymosin α1
anti-HIV drugs
zidovudine
Stavudine
Didanosine
anti-herpes virus drugs
Acyclovir
ganciclovir
foscarnet
Iodine glycoside
Arabinoside
anti-influenza virus drugs
rimantadine
Oseltamivir
antibacterial drugs
Beta-lactam antibiotics (acting on G)
Penicillins
Penicillin G
Semi-synthetic penicillin
acid-resistant penicillin
Penicillin V (Phenoxymecillin)
Enzyme-resistant penicillins
Methicillin (neopenicillin I)
Oxacillin (new penicillin II)
Nefcillin (new penicillin III)
Broad spectrum penicillins
Ampicillin (ampicillin)
Amoxicillin (Amoxicillin)
Pimicillin
metancillin
Anti-Pseudomonas aeruginosa Spectral Penicillins
carbenicillin
ticarcillin
Fruxicillin
piperacillin
Anti-G-bacteria penicillins
Injections: Mecillin, Temocillin
Oral: pimecillin
Cephalosporins
first generation cephalosporins
second generation cephalosporins
third generation cephalosporins
Fourth generation cephalosporins
Other antibiotics
carbapenems
Imipenem
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)
Cephamycins
Cefoxitin
Oxycephems
Laxocephalosporin
Monocyclic β-lactams
aztreonam
beta-lactamase inhibitors
Clavulanic acid (clavulanic acid)
sulbactam
tazobactam
macrolide antibiotics
Erythromycin (first generation)
Roxithromycin, azithromycin (second generation)
Telithromycin, Thiamycin (third generation)
Madinomycin, spiramycin
acetylspiramycin
Lincomycin antibiotics
Lincomycin
chloramphenicol
Lincolnmycin
Clindamycin
clindamycin
Clindamycin
Peptide antibiotics
vancomycin
vancomycin
norvancomycin
Qikaolanin
Aminoglycoside antibiotics
Streptomycin
Tobramycin
Kanamycin
Gentamicin (sisomicin, minor doxorubicin, asmecin)
amikacin
Netilmicin
polymyxins
Polymyxin B
Tetracycline antibiotics
tetracycline
Oxytetracycline
Doxycycline (doxycycline)
minocycline
Chloramphenicol antibiotics
Chloramphenicol
Thiamphenicol
Synthetic antibacterial drugs
Quinolones
Norfloxacin (norfloxacin)
Ciprofloxacin (ciprofloxacin)
Ofloxacin (fluxacin)
Levofloxacin (Colobital
Sparfloxacin (Sfloxacin)
fleroxacin (dofloxacin)
moxifloxacin
Garrefloxacin
Sulfonamides
subtopic
Methylimidazoles
Metronidazole (Metronidazole)
Nitrofurantoin
other
Trimethoprim
anti-tuberculosis drugs
First-line anti-tuberculosis drugs
Isoniazid
rifampicin
pyrazinamide
ethambutol
Streptomycin
Second line anti-tuberculosis drugs
Para-aminosalicylic acid
anti-leprosy drugs
Sulfones
Insulin and oral hypoglycemic drugs
insulin
Oral hypoglycemic drugs
Sulfonylureas
chlorpropamide
Glipizide
Biguanides
Metformin (Metformin)
Phenformin (phenformin)
Insulin sensitizers (thiazolidinones)
Rosiglitazone
Pioglitazone
Troglitazone
alpha glucosidase inhibitor
Acarbose
Non-thiourea insulin secretagogues
Repaglitide
Napagliflozin
Thyroid hormones and antithyroid drugs
thyroid hormone
antithyroid drugs
Thioureas
Methylthiouracil (MTU)
Propylthiouracil (PTU)
Methimazole, tapamine
carbimazole
Iodine and iodide
radioactive iodine
131I
beta blockers
Adrenocortical hormone drugs
Glucocorticoids (GCs)
Cortisone----Hydrocortisone (short-acting <12h)
Prednisone----prednisolone (moderate effect 12-36h)
Betamethasone, dexamethasone (long-acting >36h)
Topical: fluocinolone, fludrocortisone, beflumethasone, hasinide
Mineralocorticoids
aldosterone
Desoxycorticosterone
Corticotropin (ACTH)
corticosteroid inhibitors
Mitotan
Metyrapone
Drugs that act on the digestive system
Antacids
sodium bicarbonate
Drugs that inhibit gastric acid secretion
H2 receptor blockers
Cimetidine (Cimetidine)
M receptor blockers
Pirenzepine
gastrin receptor blocking drugs
Proglutamine
proton pump inhibitors
Omeprazole (Losec)
Gastric mucosa protective drug
misoprostol
sucralfate
Potassium citrate secretion
Anti-Helicobacter pylori (Hp) drugs
Clarithromycin
amoxicillin
Metronidazole
tetracycline
furazolidone
Gentamicin
laxative
volumetric laxatives
Lactulose
contact laxatives
Phenolphthalein
rhubarb
senna
castor oil
lubricating laxative
liquid paraffin
Glycerin (Kaiselu)
antidiarrheal medicine
opiates
Compound camphor tincture
adsorbent
medicinal carbon
Protective agent
Bismuth subsalicylate
antiemetics
Metoclopramide
Domperidone (Motilin)
Ondansetron (Shufuning)
Gallstone dissolving drugs and choleretic drugs
Chenodeoxycholine
Ursodeoxycholine
Drugs that act on the respiratory system
antiasthmatic medicine
anti-inflammatory and antiasthmatic drugs
Glucocorticoids
Beclomethasone (BDP)
Fluticasone propionate (FP)
Budesonide (BUD)
Triamcinolone acetonide (TAA)
Flunisolide (FNS)
leukotriene modulating drugs
Bronchodilator drugs
beta adrenoceptor agonists
albuterol
Terbutaline
Short-acting, acute asthma attack
formoterol
bambutro
Long-lasting, asthma prevention and remission period, especially nocturnal asthma
Theophylline
Aminophylline
anticholinergics
M receptor blockers
anti-allergic and anti-asthmatic drugs
Sodium chromoglynate
Ketotifen
antitussive medicine
central antitussives
codeine
Dextromethorphan
Pentoweilin (cough will clear)
peripheral antitussives
Benproperine
benzonatate
expectorant
Sputum thinning medicine
Ammonium chloride
Potassium iodide, ipecac, potassium antimony tartrate, guaifenesin
Phlegm dissolving medicine
Mucus regulating drugs
Bromhexine, Ambroxol, Carbocysteine