Includes input devices, output devices, processing units, storage devices, and communication devices

Speed, reliability, large data storage; but can pose health risks and privacy violations.

A network is a collection of connected devices, while the Internet is a global network linking organizations and individuals.

The Internet originated from ARPANET in 1969 and developed into a global system.

Provide information, communication, and e-commerce (B2C, C2C, B2B).

Internet etiquette, including information security and polite communication.

Enhances operational efficiency, develops new products, and supports decision-making.

IS promotes faster decision-making, reduces transaction and management costs.

Logical task chains help businesses operate more efficiently with IT.

Includes transaction processing systems (TPS), decision support systems (DSS), and management information systems (MIS).

ERP, SCM, CRM integrate and manage information across organizations.

Porter’s Five Forces, value chains, strategies like low-cost leadership and product differentiation..

IT helps organizations adapt to environmental changes and build competitive strategies.

Ubiquity, Global Reach, Personalization

B2C, B2B, C2C es

Ads, Transaction Fees, Freemium

Marketing, Mobile Commerce, Social Networks Challenges: Privacy, Legal Issu

Customer Data, Satisfaction

Supply Chain, Demand Forecasting

Integration, Performance Optimization Challenges: Costs, Training, Technology

Data Management, Performance Improvement

RDBMS, SQL, NoSQL

Querying, Analytics, Reporting

Routers, Switches, TCP/IP

LAN, WAN, 5G, VPN

IoT, VoIP, E-commerce

Hardware, OS, Cloud Services

Cloud, BYOD, Quantum Computing

Security, Standardization