MindMap Gallery Naming of Inorganic Compounds
Inorganic acids are named based on the anion they produce when dissolved in water, with prefixes indicating the number of hydrogen ions. Polyatomic ions are named by combining the root of the element with a suffix that indicates the charge and type of ion. Coordinate covalent compounds are named by identifying the central metal atom, its oxidation state, and the ligands coordinated to it, with prefixes and suffixes indicating the number and type of ligands.
Edited at 2024-12-25 12:58:52In the introduction section, elastin is a protein that plays a crucial role in the body, endowing tissues with elasticity and toughness. Its properties include high elasticity and good ductility. Elastin has a wide range of sources and is commonly found in animal connective tissues such as skin and blood vessels. When using elastin in products, the amount and method of addition should be determined based on the characteristics of the product. It has many uses and can be added to skincare products to enhance skin elasticity and reduce wrinkles; Improving food texture and enhancing taste in the food industry; In the medical field, it can be used to make elastic scaffolds such as artificial blood vessels, providing support for tissue repair. Reasonable use can play its unique value.
This document aims to guide the proper use of proteins. Proteins are the fundamental substances that make up life and are essential for maintaining normal physiological functions in the body, with a wide variety of types. When using protein, daily diet is an important source, such as meat, eggs, etc., which are rich in high-quality protein. Measuring protein intake can be done using professional tools or methods to ensure that the intake meets the body's needs. When mixing protein powder, it should be prepared according to the recommended ratio, and the water temperature should not be too high to avoid damaging the protein activity. Different groups of people have different protein requirements, such as athletes and fitness enthusiasts who can increase their intake appropriately to meet the needs of body repair and muscle growth.
Introduction to Unsaturated Polyester Resin: It is an important thermosetting resin with various excellent properties. It has a wide range of applications and is used in the construction industry to produce fiberglass products such as doors, windows, decorative panels, etc; Used in the automotive industry for manufacturing body components. The advantages of use include simple molding process, low cost, and chemical corrosion resistance. However, it also faces challenges and limitations, such as relatively poor heat resistance and susceptibility to aging. During use, corresponding protective measures should be taken according to specific application scenarios, such as adding heat-resistant agents, antioxidants, etc., to extend their service life and fully leverage their advantages.
In the introduction section, elastin is a protein that plays a crucial role in the body, endowing tissues with elasticity and toughness. Its properties include high elasticity and good ductility. Elastin has a wide range of sources and is commonly found in animal connective tissues such as skin and blood vessels. When using elastin in products, the amount and method of addition should be determined based on the characteristics of the product. It has many uses and can be added to skincare products to enhance skin elasticity and reduce wrinkles; Improving food texture and enhancing taste in the food industry; In the medical field, it can be used to make elastic scaffolds such as artificial blood vessels, providing support for tissue repair. Reasonable use can play its unique value.
This document aims to guide the proper use of proteins. Proteins are the fundamental substances that make up life and are essential for maintaining normal physiological functions in the body, with a wide variety of types. When using protein, daily diet is an important source, such as meat, eggs, etc., which are rich in high-quality protein. Measuring protein intake can be done using professional tools or methods to ensure that the intake meets the body's needs. When mixing protein powder, it should be prepared according to the recommended ratio, and the water temperature should not be too high to avoid damaging the protein activity. Different groups of people have different protein requirements, such as athletes and fitness enthusiasts who can increase their intake appropriately to meet the needs of body repair and muscle growth.
Introduction to Unsaturated Polyester Resin: It is an important thermosetting resin with various excellent properties. It has a wide range of applications and is used in the construction industry to produce fiberglass products such as doors, windows, decorative panels, etc; Used in the automotive industry for manufacturing body components. The advantages of use include simple molding process, low cost, and chemical corrosion resistance. However, it also faces challenges and limitations, such as relatively poor heat resistance and susceptibility to aging. During use, corresponding protective measures should be taken according to specific application scenarios, such as adding heat-resistant agents, antioxidants, etc., to extend their service life and fully leverage their advantages.
Naming of Inorganic Compounds
Binary Compounds
Made of two elements
Metal and nonmetal
Name metal first
Use the element's name
Use ide ending for nonmetal
Exceptions: hydrogen, oxygen, fluorine
Nonmetal and nonmetal
Use prefixes to indicate number of atoms
mono, di, tri, tetra, penta, hexa, etc.
Add ide ending to second element
Oxidation state of metal
Indicated by Roman numerals
Exceptions: alkali metals, alkaline earth metals
Acids
Hydrogen and nonmetal
Name starts with hydrogen
Add prefix hydro if no other prefix is used
Add ic ending if nonmetal has ide ending
Exceptions: hydrochloric acid (HCl), hydrofluoric acid (HF)
Add ous ending if nonmetal has ite ending
Exceptions: sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄), nitric acid (HNO₃)
Polyatomic ions
Acids containing polyatomic ions
Use ic or ous ending based on oxidation state
Exceptions: perchloric acid (HClO₄), chlorous acid (HClO₂)
Polyatomic Ions
Groups of atoms with a charge
Named with specific names
Sulfate (SO₄²⁻), nitrate (NO₃⁻), phosphate (PO₄³⁻)
Oxidation state indicated by Roman numerals
Exceptions: ammonium ion (NH₄⁺)
Transition Metal Compounds
Variable oxidation states
Use Roman numerals to indicate charge
Exceptions: silver, zinc, cadmium
Complex ions
Named with specific names
Cyanide (CN⁻), thiocyanate (SCN⁻), oxalate (C₂O₄²⁻)
Ionic Compounds with Variable Charge
Transition metals and posttransition metals
Use Roman numerals to indicate charge
Exceptions: silver, zinc, cadmium
Polyatomic ions
Charge indicated by the overall compound
Exceptions: ammonium ion (NH₄⁺)
Coordinate Covalent Compounds
Complex ions with central metal atom
Named with specific names
Copper(II) ammine, iron(III) oxalate
Acid Salts
Result from partial neutralization of acid
Name ends in ate or ite
Sodium hydrogen sulfate (NaHSO₄)
Sodium dihydrogen phosphate (NaH₂PO₄)
Hydrates
Compounds with water molecules
Indicated by prefix hydrate
Copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate (CuSO₄·5H₂O)
Calcium chloride hexahydrate (CaCl₂·6H₂O)