MindMap Gallery The role of natural selection in gene evolution
The role of natural selection in gene evolution is reflected in its limitations (such as genetic drift, mutation rate constraints), while it has a profound impact on genetic variation (such as adaptive evolution, polymorphism formation), and drives specific paths of gene evolution (such as gene duplication, gene loss).
Edited at 2024-12-26 00:44:43In the introduction section, elastin is a protein that plays a crucial role in the body, endowing tissues with elasticity and toughness. Its properties include high elasticity and good ductility. Elastin has a wide range of sources and is commonly found in animal connective tissues such as skin and blood vessels. When using elastin in products, the amount and method of addition should be determined based on the characteristics of the product. It has many uses and can be added to skincare products to enhance skin elasticity and reduce wrinkles; Improving food texture and enhancing taste in the food industry; In the medical field, it can be used to make elastic scaffolds such as artificial blood vessels, providing support for tissue repair. Reasonable use can play its unique value.
This document aims to guide the proper use of proteins. Proteins are the fundamental substances that make up life and are essential for maintaining normal physiological functions in the body, with a wide variety of types. When using protein, daily diet is an important source, such as meat, eggs, etc., which are rich in high-quality protein. Measuring protein intake can be done using professional tools or methods to ensure that the intake meets the body's needs. When mixing protein powder, it should be prepared according to the recommended ratio, and the water temperature should not be too high to avoid damaging the protein activity. Different groups of people have different protein requirements, such as athletes and fitness enthusiasts who can increase their intake appropriately to meet the needs of body repair and muscle growth.
Introduction to Unsaturated Polyester Resin: It is an important thermosetting resin with various excellent properties. It has a wide range of applications and is used in the construction industry to produce fiberglass products such as doors, windows, decorative panels, etc; Used in the automotive industry for manufacturing body components. The advantages of use include simple molding process, low cost, and chemical corrosion resistance. However, it also faces challenges and limitations, such as relatively poor heat resistance and susceptibility to aging. During use, corresponding protective measures should be taken according to specific application scenarios, such as adding heat-resistant agents, antioxidants, etc., to extend their service life and fully leverage their advantages.
In the introduction section, elastin is a protein that plays a crucial role in the body, endowing tissues with elasticity and toughness. Its properties include high elasticity and good ductility. Elastin has a wide range of sources and is commonly found in animal connective tissues such as skin and blood vessels. When using elastin in products, the amount and method of addition should be determined based on the characteristics of the product. It has many uses and can be added to skincare products to enhance skin elasticity and reduce wrinkles; Improving food texture and enhancing taste in the food industry; In the medical field, it can be used to make elastic scaffolds such as artificial blood vessels, providing support for tissue repair. Reasonable use can play its unique value.
This document aims to guide the proper use of proteins. Proteins are the fundamental substances that make up life and are essential for maintaining normal physiological functions in the body, with a wide variety of types. When using protein, daily diet is an important source, such as meat, eggs, etc., which are rich in high-quality protein. Measuring protein intake can be done using professional tools or methods to ensure that the intake meets the body's needs. When mixing protein powder, it should be prepared according to the recommended ratio, and the water temperature should not be too high to avoid damaging the protein activity. Different groups of people have different protein requirements, such as athletes and fitness enthusiasts who can increase their intake appropriately to meet the needs of body repair and muscle growth.
Introduction to Unsaturated Polyester Resin: It is an important thermosetting resin with various excellent properties. It has a wide range of applications and is used in the construction industry to produce fiberglass products such as doors, windows, decorative panels, etc; Used in the automotive industry for manufacturing body components. The advantages of use include simple molding process, low cost, and chemical corrosion resistance. However, it also faces challenges and limitations, such as relatively poor heat resistance and susceptibility to aging. During use, corresponding protective measures should be taken according to specific application scenarios, such as adding heat-resistant agents, antioxidants, etc., to extend their service life and fully leverage their advantages.
The role of natural selection in gene evolution
Definition of natural selection
Process by which traits become more or less common in a population
Based on differential survival and reproduction of individuals
Individuals with advantageous traits tend to survive and reproduce more
Individuals with disadvantageous traits tend to survive and reproduce less
Results in adaptation to the environment
Charles Darwin's theory
Described in "On the Origin of Species"
Gene evolution
Change in allele frequencies over time
Alleles are different forms of a gene
Allelic frequency is the measure of how common an allele is in a population
Can result in the emergence of new species
Speciation occurs when populations diverge from a common ancestor
Natural selection's role in gene evolution
Drives the adaptation process
Favorable genes are selected for and become more prevalent
Unfavorable genes are selected against and become less common
Contributes to genetic diversity
Genetic variation is the raw material for evolution
Mechanisms of natural selection
Directional selection
Favors one extreme phenotype
Stabilizing selection
Favors the average phenotype
Disruptive selection
Favors both extremes of a phenotype
Examples of natural selection in gene evolution
Antibiotic resistance in bacteria
Bacteria with resistance genes survive antibiotic treatment
Resistance genes become more common in the population
Industrial melanism in moths
Darker moths survive better in polluted areas
Darker coloration becomes more prevalent
Human height variation
Tall individuals may have been selected for in certain environments
Height-related genes become more common in populations
Impact of natural selection on genetic variation
Reduces genetic variation by eliminating unfit alleles
Can lead to a decrease in genetic diversity
Increases genetic variation by promoting the spread of advantageous alleles
Can lead to an increase in genetic diversity
Limitations of natural selection
Mutation is the ultimate source of genetic variation
Natural selection cannot create new genetic information
Genetic drift can overpower natural selection in small populations
Random changes in allele frequencies can occur
Sexual selection is a form of natural selection
Driven by mating preferences and competition
Other factors affecting gene evolution
Gene flow (migration)
Introduction of new alleles from other populations
Genetic recombination
Creation of new allele combinations during reproduction
Mutation
Spontaneous changes in DNA sequence