MindMap Gallery Chapter 3 Human Behavior and Social Environment
Chapter 3 is a mind map of human behavior and social environment, including a summary of detailed knowledge points on human behavior, social environment, theoretical basis of human behavior and social environment, stages of human development and main characteristics.
Edited at 2024-12-13 16:34:40Find a streamlined guide created using EdrawMind, showcasing the Lemon 8 registration and login flow chart. This visual tool facilitates an effortless journey for American users to switch from TikTok to Lemon 8, making the transition both intuitive and rapid. Ideal for those looking for a user-centric route to Lemon 8's offerings, our flow chart demystifies the registration procedure and emphasizes crucial steps for a hassle-free login.
これは稲盛和夫に関するマインドマップです。私のこれまでの人生のすべての経験は、ビジネスの明確な目的と意味、強い意志、売上の最大化、業務の最小化、そして運営は強い意志に依存することを主な内容としています。
かんばんボードのデザインはシンプルかつ明確で、計画が一目で明確になります。毎日の進捗状況を簡単に記録し、月末に要約を作成して成長と成果を確認することができます。 実用性が高い:読書、早起き、運動など、さまざまなプランをカバーします。 操作簡単:シンプルなデザイン、便利な記録、いつでも進捗状況を確認できます。 明確な概要: 毎月の概要により、成長を明確に確認できます。 小さい まとめ、今月の振り返り掲示板、今月の習慣掲示板、今月のまとめ掲示板。
Find a streamlined guide created using EdrawMind, showcasing the Lemon 8 registration and login flow chart. This visual tool facilitates an effortless journey for American users to switch from TikTok to Lemon 8, making the transition both intuitive and rapid. Ideal for those looking for a user-centric route to Lemon 8's offerings, our flow chart demystifies the registration procedure and emphasizes crucial steps for a hassle-free login.
これは稲盛和夫に関するマインドマップです。私のこれまでの人生のすべての経験は、ビジネスの明確な目的と意味、強い意志、売上の最大化、業務の最小化、そして運営は強い意志に依存することを主な内容としています。
かんばんボードのデザインはシンプルかつ明確で、計画が一目で明確になります。毎日の進捗状況を簡単に記録し、月末に要約を作成して成長と成果を確認することができます。 実用性が高い:読書、早起き、運動など、さまざまなプランをカバーします。 操作簡単:シンプルなデザイン、便利な記録、いつでも進捗状況を確認できます。 明確な概要: 毎月の概要により、成長を明確に確認できます。 小さい まとめ、今月の振り返り掲示板、今月の習慣掲示板、今月のまとめ掲示板。
Chapter 3 Human Behavior and Social Environment
human behavior
human needs
levels of human needs
1. Maslow’s hierarchy of needs
Physiological needs
Food, clothing, housing and transportation
security needs
need to belong to love
need for respect
self-actualization needs
2. Alderfer’s ERG theory
survivalexistence
relationshiprelateness
growthgrowth
3. The theories of Ryan Doyal and Ian Gough
basic needs
Physical health: physical, mental, communication
Autonomy
Intermediary needs
11 kinds
type
divided by origin
Physiological needs
social needs
According to content
material needs
spiritual needs
According to the urgency of people’s needs
survival needs
developmental needs
human behavior
type
According to origin
instinctive behavior
learned behavior
Behavior’s impact on society
prosocial behavior
antisocial behavior
Whether it conforms to normal patterns and social norms
normal behavior
deviant behavior
Features
Adaptability
Diversity
developmental
Controllability
Integration
Influencing factors
physiological
psychology
society
social environment
Characteristics: Diversity, complexity, hierarchy, stability, variability
Components
family
type
nuclear family
A couple's unmarried children
stem family
Parents, a pair of married children living together
joint family
Parents Multiple pairs of married children/Multiple pairs of parents and one child
single parent family
DINK family
parenting model
Arrogant (loving and not caring), dominant (loving and not caring), authoritarian (loving and not loving), laissez-faire (loving and not loving), conflict type, democratic type
Function
1. Emotional support 2. Sexual satisfaction 3. Reproduction 4. Socialization 5. Economic function
Impact on human behavior
Vertical: The impact of the past on the present and member behavior
Horizontal: The impact of interactions among members on individual behavior
peer group
Characteristics: Equality, openness, identity, uniqueness
School
Impact: campus culture, class size, teaching model, teacher-student relationship
work unit
Community
Economic function, socialization function, social participation function, social control function, mutual support function between members
culture
mass media
Theoretical Basis of Human Behavior and Social Environment
1. Biological theory of human behavior (understanding)
Biological Evolutionary Theory and Evolutionary Psychology
genetic theory
2. Psychological theories of human behavior (mastery)
(1) Freud’s psychoanalytic theory
The development of personality is mainly the development of instinct
Personality development is divided into five stages, namely the oral stage, anal stage, genital stage, latent stage and reproductive stage.
"Stagnation Phenomenon", "Regression"
(2) Erikson’s stage theory of human development
Erikson believed that the interaction between an individual and his or her surrounding environment plays a dominant and integrative role in personality development. Divide human development into eight stages.
(3) Piaget’s theory of cognitive development
1. Children’s cognitive development is divided into four stages
(1) Sensory motor stage (from birth to 2 years old): sensations and movements
(2) Preoperational stage (2 to 7 years old): language and various symbolic means to represent things; thinking is irreversible
(3) Concrete operational stage (7-12 years old): can make inferences and form the concept of conservation
(4) Formal operation stage (over 12 years old): perform logical operations on abstract and representational materials
3 principles
Schema: a pattern of thought or action
Assimilation: new things incorporated into old schemata
Adapt: new things are inconsistent with the old schema and change the old schema
(4) Kohlberg’s stage theory of moral development
Pre-conventional level (0 to 9 years old)
The first stage: Punishment and obedience orientation stage - judging the quality and severity of the behavior based on the consequences of the behavior
The second stage: the relative utilitarian orientation stage - no longer regard the rules as absolute and fixed, and evaluate the quality of behavior mainly based on whether it is in line with one's own interests.
Custom level (9 to 15 years old)
The first stage: Approval-seeking orientation stage - believing that good behavior is behavior that makes people like or be appreciated
The second stage: compliance with regulations and order orientation stage - obeying authority
Post-conventional level (after 15 years old)
The first stage: social contract orientation stage - attaching importance to the effectiveness of the law
The second stage: the stage of universal ethical principles - the highest stage of moral judgment
(5) Behaviorism theory
1. Watson's behaviorism theory
2. Skinner's operant behavior theory:
reinforcement theory
positive reinforcement
negative reinforcement
3. Bandura's social learning theory
(6) Attachment Theory
Bowlby's stages of infant attachment relationships
pre-attachment stage
Stages of a developing attachment relationship - "Selective Social Smiling"
Distinctive and Clear Stages of Attachment Relationships
Correcting the Target’s Attachment Relationship Stages
Ainsworth's Three Types of Attachment Behavior
secure attachment
avoidant attachment
Defiant attachment
3. Sociological theory of human behavior and social environment (understanding)
(1) Symbolic interactionism: communication – language, gestures and actions
1. Mead's theory of self
(1) Imitation stage: meaningless imitation of actions
(2) Game stage: Use meaningful language to define the object and form the object.
(3) Generalizing others stage: looking at the problem from the perspective of several important others
2. Thomas' definition of situation
The role of individual subjective definitions of situations in social interactions
(2) Labeling Theory: Edwin Lemert and Howard Becker
Labels are how people define and produce their self-image
Self-image is created through interactions with others, and labels from others are an important factor.
Stages and main characteristics of human development
infancy
Problems: Breastfeeding, maternal deprivation, infant abandonment
Height, weight and brain develop rapidly, which is the period when movement develops most rapidly.
preschool
feature
Physiology: The brain capacity of 6-7 years old is close to that of an adult
Psychology: The rapid development of language promotes the development of thinking, which in turn further promotes the development of language
Sociality: Gradually develop from being self-centered to learning to distinguish between others and self. Self-awareness consists of self-evaluation, self-experience, and self-control.
Problems: Picky eating, aggressive behavior, TV dependence, autism
school age
feature
Physiology: Children develop in all aspects of their bodies; skills develop; movements develop.
Psychological: Development of language; development of internal language; increased stability of attention.
Society: more realistic self-concept, self-evaluation, and self-experience; forming moral consciousness
Issues: Accidental injury, school bullying, child sexual injury
adolescent stage
feature
Physiology: The reproductive system and secondary sexual characteristics are basically mature and have the ability to reproduce.
Psychology: the critical and mature period for the development of abstract logical thinking; the development of emotional polarity
Society: Further development of self-awareness, moral values, and social interactions
Issues: Internet addiction, juvenile delinquency, teenage sexual behavior
youth stage
feature
Physiology: the golden period of physiological development
Psychology: mental activity efficiency reaches the highest level and ability development
Society: Maturity of values, ethics, and social outlook
Issues: Marriage and love issues, gender discrimination, employment issues
middle age
feature
Physiology: menopause
psychology: Individual fixed intelligence continues to rise, while fluid intelligence slowly declines Skillfully handle various social relationships and solve problems more wisely
Society: deep and stable emotions, a sense of responsibility beyond emotion in marriage, a critical period for career success or failure
Issues: premature aging, menopause, extramarital affairs, domestic violence
Old age
feature
Physiology: Physiological functions have undergone significant deterioration, various elderly diseases have begun to appear, and the body has gradually become dependent on others.
Psychological: Cognition exhibits maturity, stability, and decline
Society: The original more active social roles will disappear, which will lead to a sense of loss.
Issues: Dementia and disability, mental health, death, ageism and abuse