The so-called scientific research refers to a kind of test of hypothesis or theory by using various scientific methods, following the scientific cognition process, and based on the analysis of collected factual materials, in order to seek the essence of objective things and their laws of motion and change. Thinking activities or processes.

1. Purpose 2. Inheritance 3. Innovation 4. Systematic 5. Control

1. Human psychology is both biological and social

2. Human psychology is developing

3. People's psychology is also different

1. Psychological research is the process of subject-object interaction

2. The psychological research process lacks precise control and manipulation of the research object

3. Psychological research design is complex and detailed

4. Psychological research is susceptible to social and political factors

Psychology has a long past, but only a short history. Since Aristotle's first book on human psychological phenomena, Theory of Soul, has been discussed by many thinkers on the essence and laws of psychological phenomena, so psychology research has a long past. However, in the past 2,000 years after Aristotle, psychology has not escaped from the barriers of philosophy and even became a tool of religion in the Middle Ages. So for that long period of history, psychology could not be called an independent science. It was not until the late 19th century that many scientists began to study psychological phenomena using experimental methods and discovered some important laws that psychology began to embark on the path of scientific development.

The emergence of psychological theory is closely related to methodology and experimental paradigms, and is also inseparable from the development of natural sciences. The impact of natural science on psychology is not only reflected in research methods and technologies, but also in the guiding ideology of research (such as systems theory). Although the theoretical system of modern psychology is chaotic, it is still not difficult for us to see the opposition between materialism and idealism, metaphysics and dialectics' worldview and methodology. In the research methods of psychology, there seems to be a back and forth between subjective and objective methods. Wonter emphasizes the introspection method under the control conditions of the experiment, which can be regarded as a subjective method. In addition to objective research, cognitive psychology also affirms subjective methods and uses oral reporting to replace introspection. The subjective and objective repetition of this method does not mean that psychology has returned to its original state. In fact, every cycle of research problems or research methods in psychology is an improvement. When a certain issue is examined again with a similar perspective and method, it has enriched more content and evidence. This spiral development is a manifestation of the development concept of dialectics of materialism.

The methodology of psychological research is still diverse, and the various methodologies and research technologies generated in various development stages and research fields coexist in today's psychological research. Even in the same research field, research methods guided by different methodologies often coexist at the same time. On the methodological issue of psychological research, it should be treated like any science, and it should not and cannot be used to forcefully unify all research work with a single research model. The complexity of psychological research objects determines the multi-level, multi-level and multi-angle characteristics of their research methods.

1. Ecological research ideas

2. Multi-branched research content

3. Comprehensive research methods

4. Mathematicalization of research results

5. Computerization of the research process

The first level of research method is the method of completing the entire psychological research. For example, the experimental method is the method of completing the entire research and conducting experimental design, which is the entire process of designing the entire research process; while the second level of research method is only the completion of Methods for certain links of the entire study, for example, as a research method, only involves designing a questionnaire to obtain data for a certain variable. Therefore, the questionnaire is only a method to obtain data for variables, design and implement certain data according to the purpose of the research. This questionnaire is not the entire design of the entire research process. The analysis of research methods by previous generations obviously confuses these two different levels of research methods. According to this idea, whether it is writing papers or publishing textbooks, there are repeated overlaps and unclear levels, which brings great confusion to readers, making it impossible for them to clearly establish a knowledge structure about research methods.

We should use research variables as the logical starting point of psychological research methods, distinguish the research methods of variable relationships from methods of obtaining variable data, link the types of variables with the types of research methods, and compare the data patterns of variables with statistical tests of variables with statistical tests. The way of connecting the entire research method system is integrated.