MindMap Gallery Pulmonary nodules
This is a mind map about lung nodules, which describes in detail the classification, screening population, imaging evaluation, tumor markers, evaluation methods, and related content of regular follow-up.
Edited at 2025-03-02 13:25:01Rumi: 10 dimensions of spiritual awakening. When you stop looking for yourself, you will find the entire universe because what you are looking for is also looking for you. Anything you do persevere every day can open a door to the depths of your spirit. In silence, I slipped into the secret realm, and I enjoyed everything to observe the magic around me, and didn't make any noise. Why do you like to crawl when you are born with wings? The soul has its own ears and can hear things that the mind cannot understand. Seek inward for the answer to everything, everything in the universe is in you. Lovers do not end up meeting somewhere, and there is no parting in this world. A wound is where light enters your heart.
Chronic heart failure is not just a problem of the speed of heart rate! It is caused by the decrease in myocardial contraction and diastolic function, which leads to insufficient cardiac output, which in turn causes congestion in the pulmonary circulation and congestion in the systemic circulation. From causes, inducement to compensation mechanisms, the pathophysiological processes of heart failure are complex and diverse. By controlling edema, reducing the heart's front and afterload, improving cardiac comfort function, and preventing and treating basic causes, we can effectively respond to this challenge. Only by understanding the mechanisms and clinical manifestations of heart failure and mastering prevention and treatment strategies can we better protect heart health.
Ischemia-reperfusion injury is a phenomenon that cellular function and metabolic disorders and structural damage will worsen after organs or tissues restore blood supply. Its main mechanisms include increased free radical generation, calcium overload, and the role of microvascular and leukocytes. The heart and brain are common damaged organs, manifested as changes in myocardial metabolism and ultrastructural changes, decreased cardiac function, etc. Prevention and control measures include removing free radicals, reducing calcium overload, improving metabolism and controlling reperfusion conditions, such as low sodium, low temperature, low pressure, etc. Understanding these mechanisms can help develop effective treatment options and alleviate ischemic injury.
Rumi: 10 dimensions of spiritual awakening. When you stop looking for yourself, you will find the entire universe because what you are looking for is also looking for you. Anything you do persevere every day can open a door to the depths of your spirit. In silence, I slipped into the secret realm, and I enjoyed everything to observe the magic around me, and didn't make any noise. Why do you like to crawl when you are born with wings? The soul has its own ears and can hear things that the mind cannot understand. Seek inward for the answer to everything, everything in the universe is in you. Lovers do not end up meeting somewhere, and there is no parting in this world. A wound is where light enters your heart.
Chronic heart failure is not just a problem of the speed of heart rate! It is caused by the decrease in myocardial contraction and diastolic function, which leads to insufficient cardiac output, which in turn causes congestion in the pulmonary circulation and congestion in the systemic circulation. From causes, inducement to compensation mechanisms, the pathophysiological processes of heart failure are complex and diverse. By controlling edema, reducing the heart's front and afterload, improving cardiac comfort function, and preventing and treating basic causes, we can effectively respond to this challenge. Only by understanding the mechanisms and clinical manifestations of heart failure and mastering prevention and treatment strategies can we better protect heart health.
Ischemia-reperfusion injury is a phenomenon that cellular function and metabolic disorders and structural damage will worsen after organs or tissues restore blood supply. Its main mechanisms include increased free radical generation, calcium overload, and the role of microvascular and leukocytes. The heart and brain are common damaged organs, manifested as changes in myocardial metabolism and ultrastructural changes, decreased cardiac function, etc. Prevention and control measures include removing free radicals, reducing calcium overload, improving metabolism and controlling reperfusion conditions, such as low sodium, low temperature, low pressure, etc. Understanding these mechanisms can help develop effective treatment options and alleviate ischemic injury.
Pulmonary nodules
Classification
By quantity
By size
By density
Screening population
Means of evaluation
Clinical information
Imaging
Appearance assessment
Size, morphology, margin (lobe division, burr, pleural depression, vascular cluster), tumor lung interface, internal structural characteristics, follow-up changes
Internal features
density
The uniform density pGGN is especially <5mm, indicating atypical adenomatous hyperplasia
mGGN with uneven density, solid composition >50%, suggesting that malignancy is likely to be high
Most of the persistent GGs are malignant or malignant tendencies
The higher the average CT value of GGN, the greater the probability of malignancy.
structure
The bronchial is embedded with local thickening of the tube wall, or the embedded bronchial lumen is irregular
<8mm GGN does not recommend PET
Tumor markers
Gastrin (Pro-GRP) Small cell lung cancer
Neurospecific enolase (NSE) Small cell lung cancer
Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA)
Squamous Window Cell Carcinoma (SCC)
Cytokeratin fragment 19 Squamous carcinoma
Functional imaging
PET-CT
Sensitivity 72%-94%
Diameter >8mm
Enhanced CT
Enhanced>15HU
Tracheoscopy
Brush inspection
Biopsy
lavage
AFP
EBUS-TBLB
Virtual Navigation (VBN)
Electromagnetic Navigation (ENB)
Percutaneous lung biopsy (TTNB)
Surgical biopsy
Thoracoscopy
Mediastinoscopy
Regular follow-up
The diameter is enlarged, and the doubling time is in line with the tumor law
The lesion is stable or enlarged, and the appearance of real components
The lesion is reduced, but the solid components or the solid components increase
Angiogenesis
Lobulation, burrs or pleural depressions occur
analogy