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MindMap Gallery PS Learning Summary
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PS Learning Summary
This is a mind map about PS learning summary. Whether beginners or users with a certain foundation, they can benefit a lot from it and further improve their PS skills.
Edited at 2025-02-23 22:33:10
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This template shows the structure and function of the reproductive system in the form of a mind map. It introduces the various components of the internal and external genitals, and sorts out the knowledge clearly to help you become familiar with the key points of knowledge.
- Interpretation and summary of relationship field e-book
This is a mind map about the interpretation and summary of the relationship field e-book, Main content: Overview of the essence interpretation and overview of the relationship field e-book. "Relationship field" refers to the complex interpersonal network in which an individual influences others through specific behaviors and attitudes.
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This is a mind map about accounting books and accounting records. The main contents include: the focus of this chapter, reflecting the business results process of the enterprise, the loan and credit accounting method, and the original book of the person.
PS Learning Summary
- Reproductive system
This template shows the structure and function of the reproductive system in the form of a mind map. It introduces the various components of the internal and external genitals, and sorts out the knowledge clearly to help you become familiar with the key points of knowledge.
- Interpretation and summary of relationship field e-book
This is a mind map about the interpretation and summary of the relationship field e-book, Main content: Overview of the essence interpretation and overview of the relationship field e-book. "Relationship field" refers to the complex interpersonal network in which an individual influences others through specific behaviors and attitudes.
- Accounting books and accounting records
This is a mind map about accounting books and accounting records. The main contents include: the focus of this chapter, reflecting the business results process of the enterprise, the loan and credit accounting method, and the original book of the person.
- Recommended to you
- Outline
PS Summary
Layers
Layers are like transparent paper stacked together
Order
Create a new blank layer: Ctrl shift N
Copy layer: Ctrl J (or Alt move)
Clipping layer: Ctrl shift J
Merge layers downward: Ctrl E
Merge visible layers into one layer: Ctrl shift E
Merge visible layers into a new layer: Ctrl shift Alt E
Switch between layers: Ctrl "[" or "]"
Layer grouping: Ctrl G; Cancel layer grouping: Ctrl shift G
Layer style
Mostly used in button making
Inclined and relief
Gloss contours can simulate metal effects; highlights and shadows: surface reflection effect of object
style
Pillow-shaped relief: groove effect, wooden board engraving
Relief effect = inner inclined outer inclined
method
Clear engraving: eliminate hard edges and miscellaneous edges of jagged shapes (such as text)
Soft engraving: retains edge details, better than "smooth"
Stroke
Highlight the image outline
Inner projection
Hollow effect, three-dimensional
Inner/outer light
Jitter: Adjust the variegated effect of random gradients
Blocking: Reduce the luminous border before blurring
luster
Make a metallic luster effect
projection
Layer hollowed out projection: When filled as transparent, the shadow becomes darker
Mixed options
Fill opacity: When it is 0, the image is transparent and only the effect is displayed, such as luminous
Layer mixing
Color overlay mode of a layer and its underlying layer
The base color is the original image color;
Mixed colors are colors applied through painting or editing tools;
The result is the color obtained after mixing
Color filter
Filter dark colors, dark areas become brighter;
Main film stacked bottom
Filter bright colors, darken bright parts
darken
Pixels that are darker than the base color are retained, and bright pixels are replaced by pixels that are darker in the base color, and the overall color grayscale is reduced, processing areas that are darker than the current pattern; Brightening: contrary to darkening.
Deeper color
Add the color value of the dark layer. The brighter the color added, the more delicate the effect, and increase the contrast according to the color of the superimposed pixels; there will be no changes after mixing with white.
Color lightening
Add the color value of the dark layer. The brighter the color added, the more delicate the effect. By reducing the contrast, brightening the underlying color reflects the mixed color; there is no effect with black.
Linear deepening
By reducing the brightness, darkening the background color reflects the mixed colors; Linear dodging: contrary to linear deepening.
Dark
Compare the sum of all channel values of the mix and base color, and select the smallest channel value to create the result color. Light color: opposite to dark color.
Dissolve
Depending on the opacity of any pixel position, the resulting color is randomly replaced by the pixels of the base or mixed color.
behind
Edit or paint only in the transparent part of the layer, without affecting the original image of the layer, just like painting the layer below the current layer. Only in layers that do not "lock transparent areas".
Clear
In this mode, the opacity of the tool or command determines whether the pixel is cleared, similar to "eraser".
Overlay
According to the base color, the color is stacked or filtered. Adjust the midtones, keep the highlights and shadow areas basically unchanged, and retain the contrast between the light and dark colors of the base color.
Soft light
Depending on the color mix, darken or brighten the color.
glare
According to the mixed color, the colors are stacked or filtered.
Bright light
Depending on the color blend, deepen or lose color by increasing or decreasing contrast.
Linear light
Depending on the color mix, deepen or doze the color by reducing or increasing brightness.
Point light
Replace the color according to the mix color.
Real color mix
Adds the red, green, and blue channel values of the blended colors to the RGB value of the base color.
Difference
Compare each value in the mixed color RGB value, subtract the mixed color from the base color, or subtract the primary color from the mixed color as the composite color. Mixing with white will invert the base color value (primary color complementary color); mixing with black will not cause any change.
exclude
Creates an effect similar to the Difference mode but with less contrast. Mixing with white will invert the primary color value; mixing with black will not change.
minus
View the color information in each channel and subtract the mixed color from the base color, and the negative number is 0. Mix the same color as the base color to obtain black; mix white with the base color to obtain base color; mix black with the base color to obtain white.
Dividing
View the color information in each channel and divide the blended colors from the base color. Mix white with the base color to obtain the base color; mix black with the base color to obtain the white.
Hue
Create result colors with the brightness and saturation of the base color and the hue of the mixed colors
Saturation
Create the resulting color with the brightness and hue of the base color and the saturation of the mixed color. Painting in this mode on the No (0) Saturation (Grayscale) area will not cause any changes.
color
Create the result color with the brightness of the base color and the hue and saturation of the mixed color. This preserves the grayscale in the image and is useful for coloring monochrome images and coloring color images.
Brightness
Create the result color with the hue and saturation of the base color and the brightness of the mixed color. The opposite effect is to the Color mode.
Layer Fill
Layer Fill: shift F5
Create a new fill, and you can fill the layer with "solid color", "gradient" and "pattern"
Layer edge trimming
Color purification
Replace the background color in the edge pixel with the nearby fully selected pixel color
Go side
Replace the color of edge pixels with pixel colors farther from selections that do not include background color
Remove black/white colors
Edge black (white) pixels removed, edge white (black) pixels strengthened, and outline clearer
Smart Objects
A smart object is a layer that contains image data in a raster or vector image.
Smart objects preserve the source content of the image and all its original features, allowing you to perform non-destructive edits to the layers.
You cannot directly perform operations to change pixel data on the smart object layer (painting, deepening, imitating, etc.). You can first convert the layer into a regular layer (rasterized layer); you can also double-click "Smart Object Thumbnail" and then reopen the smart object source file to edit and save; or imitate a new layer above the smart object, edit a copy of the smart object, or create a new layer.
Smart filter: After the layer is identifiable as a smart object, add a filter to it, and PS automatically uses smart filters. Smart filters can adjust filter parameters at any time.
Benefits: Perform non-destructive transformations, process vector data, apply filters non-destructively, edit a smart object and automatically update all its linked instances
Selection
Adjust selection
Add selection: shift; reduce selection: Alt; Intersecting selection: shift Alt
Cut selection: Ctrl selection; Copy selection: Ctrl Alt selection; Cancel selection: Ctrl D
Feathering: shift F6; Filling: shift F5
Adjust the edge of the selection Ctrl Alt R
Loop toggle views: F; temporarily deactivate all views: X
Purification color/overflow: Purification of the color of the edge part
Brush size adjustment: "[" or "]"
Purify the color
Replace colored edges with the color of the nearby fully selected pixels
Move the edge
Use a negative value to move the borders that soften the edges inward, or use a positive value to move these borders outward. Moving these borders inward helps remove unwanted background colors from the edges of the selection.
aisle
Store color information and selection (Alpha channel), with three colors: black, white and gray; white is the selection, black is the non-select, and gray is the transition area
Classification
Color channel
RGB, CMYK
Alpha channel
Store selection as a channel (grayscale image)
Channels are loaded as selection: Ctrl Channels
Supported formats: gif, TIFF, Targa (lossless), Jpeg can save paths
Create a new Alpha channel: Alt Create a new channel
Spot color channel
Record special ink printing information (stitching words)
Create a new spot color channel: Ctrl Create a new channel
Alpha channel to spot color channel: double-click "Alpha channel" and select "spot color" from "Channel Options"
Adjust overlapping spot colors
Select the channel, load the selection, create a trap when hollowing out the lower color (select > Modify > Extend or "Shrink"), select the lower spot color channel containing the area to be hollowed out, and delete it.
Adjust the screen display using the printed samples of the imprint ink to help you predict the color display after printing.
Mask
The mask is a temporary channel that controls the display range
Quick Mask (Q)
In Quick Mask Mode Edit (Q) mode, a temporary fast template channel will appear on the Channel Palette.
Any selection can be edited as a mask without using the Palette under the Channel panel
Advantages of editing with selection as editing mask: You can modify the mask with any PS tool or filter, and the mask editing can be completed in the image window (convenient to see the original image)
Layer Mask
The display and hiding of the following layers can be restricted by pixels, and can be edited through the pixel tool (brush, etc.).
There are only black and white, white means transparency, which is a selection area; black means occlusion, which is non-selected area.
Layer masks are generated by selections, and layer masks are created under the channel panel
A layer mask enlarges will have mosaic phenomenon, and a gray brush can draw a translucent effect.
Vector mask
Use vector graphics to create masks to constrain the display and hiding of the next layer of image. It can be edited through vector tools (pens, etc.)
Vector masks are generated by paths, and vector masks are created under the path panel
Vector mask editing: Freely change the shape through the editing path, and can be scaled arbitrarily without deforming
Cutting mask
Put the contents of the upper layer into the shape of the lower layer, "upper image and lower shape"
Create a clipping mask: Ctrl Alt G or Alt Click the middle line of the two layers
Mask Tips
Add mask directly
Whiteboard (transparent), with black brushes, you can hide unnecessary areas
Alt Add a mask
Blackboard (covered), with white brushes, you can restore the area you want to retain
Selection Add a mask
Deduct selection area
Selection Alt Add Mask
Hide selection content
Alt Click the mask: Observe the mask grayscale status
Ctrl Click the mask: The mask selection displays
Alt Drag the layer mask: Copy the layer mask into another layer
path
Hide path: Ctrl shift H
Convert path to selection: Ctrl Enter
Path Edit
Path selection: select the path, all nodes are selected, move directly
Direct selection: You can select a node to edit it separately;
Path selection and direct selection toggle: Ctrl
When drawing the path, press and hold Alt and click the node to delete the node path control line (crank direction line)
Add/delete node: Click a fragment between nodes to add a node; click a node to delete the node.
image
model
Bitmap
1-bit depth image, only black and white, can be converted from grayscale and two-tone modes, used in newspapers and screen printing
Conversion method
50% threshold: pixels above 128th order turn white, pixels below 120th order turn black and white images
Pattern color: organize gray scales into geometric configurations of white and black dots to convert images
Diffusion color: Transform images by using an error diffusion process starting from the upper left corner of the image. Grainy, film-like texture will appear
Half-tuning screen: black and white newspaper illustrations
Two-tone
Spot color printing, only one channel, equivalent to CMYK mode, saving costs
Grayscale
Used for ordinary grayscale printing, monochrome channels, expressing high-quality black and white images
RGB color
Red, green, blue → Add color mode
CMYK Color
Cyan, magenta, yellow, black → subtractive color modes, used for printing, spraying, printing
Index color
Indexed color mode generates 8-bit image files of up to 256 colors.
Store and index colors in an image using a color table
bit depth
8-bit (2^8=256 colors): TV/16-bit: Movie/64-bit
Image adjustment
Color level (Ctrl L)
Color level histogram: set shadow, midtone, highlight
Sampling of straws, setting up black field, gray field, and white field
Automatic adjustment
Reset data: Press "Alt" and click "Reset"
Curve (Ctrl M)
Show trim: Show image details lost during editing
Light (additional color), pigment/ink (subtractive color)
Hue/Saturation (Ctrl U)
Hue bar: two upper and lower bars, the upper represents "input" and the lower represents "output"
Coloring: image converted to monochrome grayscale
Color Balance (Ctrl B)
Adjust image color tendency (cold or warm)
Midtone: The original color
Maintain brightness: Adjusting the color does not affect image brightness
Black and white (Ctrl shift Alt B)
By adjusting the color, the image levels are clearer and the details are clearer
Color removal (Ctrl shift U)
Color images converted into black and white images
Match colors
Select the matching source image and adjust the image color based on the source image;
Neutralization: Automatically remove color marks from the target layer.
Shadow/highlight
Adjust for backlight photos, adjust the dark and bright parts to display the precise details of the image;
Highlights are the brightest elements in the image. The shadow is the darkest part.
Threshold
Critical value, a black and white boundary value based on image brightness
Extracting of illustrations and comics: Filters (high contrast reserved) Threshold
Gradient Mapping
First convert the image to black and white, then map the gradient to the image, and replace the corresponding brightness with the colors in the gradient.
Separation of tones
Specifies the number of tone levels (or brightness values) for each channel in the image, and map the pixels to the closest matching level
Horizontalization
Redistribute the brightness values in the image to uniformize the image to present all ranges of brightness values
Inverting (Ctrl I)
Convert the color of the image to the opposite color in the color ring
calculate
Between channels and channels, mixing calculations are performed using the "layer blending" mode to generate new selections.
Apply Images
The "layer blending" mode is used to mix the channels in the layer and channels (including R, G, B, and Alpha channels) to achieve the desired effect; the single layer itself changes.
Image Scaling
enlarge
Ctrl " ", Ctrl space left button ,
Shrink
Ctrl "-", Alt space left button,
100% display: Ctrl 1
Screen size display: Ctrl 0
Command shortcut keys
Automatic tone: Ctrl shift L
Automatic contrast: Ctrl shift Alt L
Automatic color: Ctrl shift B
Image size: Ctrl Alt I
Canvas Size: Ctrl Alt C
Filters
liquefaction
Can be used to push, pull, rotate, reflect and expand any area of the image.
Vanishing point
Keep correct perspective when editing images containing perspective planes (sides of buildings).
Vague
Surface blur
Blur the image while preserving the edges. Used to create special effects and eliminate variegated or granularity.
Blurred lens
Simulate depth of field effect, contrast between virtual and real lenses. Can be adjusted in the "graphic mask" in the depth map (make a mask in advance)
distortion
Polar coordinates
Converts the selection from plane coordinates to polar coordinates, or converts the selection from polar coordinates to plane coordinates. (Globe)
Miscellaneous
Reduce miscellaneous colors
Reduce variegation while preserving edges based on user settings that affect the entire image or individual channels.
Pixelization
Colorful half-tone
Simulates the effect of using an enlarged half-tuning screen on each channel of the image.
Rendering
Lighting effect
Simulate lighting
Sharpen
USM Sharpening
Use the USM Sharpening filter to adjust the contrast of edge details and generate a bright and dark line on each side of the edge. This process will make the edges stand out, creating the illusion that the image is sharper.
Intelligent Sharpening
Sharpen images by setting the sharpening algorithm or controlling the amount of sharpening in shadows and highlights
High contrast reserved
Leg details are retained at the specified radius where strong color transitions occur, and the rest of the image is not displayed. Very useful for lines of art and large black and white areas taken from scanned images.