Mind Map Gallery Carbohydrates
A summary about Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates
Contain 3 Elements
Hydrogen
Carbon
Oxygen
Monosaccarides
General Formula
(CH2O)n
3-9
Spilling up of a dissacride to form two monosaccarides
Hydrolysis
Biochemical Tests
Reducing Sugars
ALL monosaccarides and some dissacrides
Benedicts Test
Equal volumes + Heat
Postive Indication
Orange Brown Colour
Non Reducing Sugars
Sugars that test negavtive with Benedicts
HCL and Solution + Heat
Hydrolyse Suagr
Neautralise with NaOH
Carry out Benedicts Test
Functions
Provide energy
Store Energy
Build Macromolecules
Spare Protein and Fat for Other Uses
Polysaccarides
Starch
Used for storage
Insoluble
Made of 2 polymers
Amylose
Amylopectin
Glycogen
Storage in animals
Fast Hydrolysis
Lots of short branches
Cellulose
Strucutal Costituent
Cell Wall
Adjacent chains of unbranched polymers
Dissaccarides
Formed when two monosaccarides join
Through condensation
One monosaccaride loses H and other loses OH
Water molecule is removed
Forms a glycosidic bond
Examples
Sucrose
Glucose and Fructose
Maltose
Glucose and Glucose
Lactose
Glucose and Galactose
Found in three forms
Disaccarides
