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MindMap Gallery Henry VIII
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Henry VIII
A mind map about henry viii.
Edited at 2020-09-08 01:37:36
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Henry VIII
background
second son of henry VII
taught how to be king only after the death of his brother Aurthur
main interests
theology
music
dance
painting
sport
claim to the throne
mother was elizabeth of york
claim through decendancy from Edmund Duke of York
father was Henry VII (King)
claim through the Beaufort lien
invalid claim
all of the baeufort line gave up their claim to the throne to become legitimate
betrothed to Catherine of Aragon shortly after Arthur's death in 1501
raised during the height of the Renassance period
wanted to be a renassiance knight
first acts as king 1509-1514
execution of Empson and Dudley
incharge of the council learned
disbanded the coucil learned in the law, and the court of general surveyors
increased the amount of work for the court of the exchequer
abholished hundreds of bonds and recognaisances
married Catherine of Aragon
1511 joined the holy league
prepared to go to war against france
legacy spent by 1512
new ways of collecting tax invented
collection based on value of their land/goods
raised £170,00
war with France/Scotland
france
1512
fleet attack brest
army landed in Aquitane
did little damage
returned home
1513
henry led an army of 30,000 into Normandy and Picardy
Battle of Spurs
Henry intercepted a troop of cavalry
quickly defeated
seized Tournai and Therouanne as loot
1514
spain and germany made peace with france
henry left alone at war
debts of £1 million mounting
wolsey ordered to negotiate a treaty
henry kept tournai
Mary (sister to henry) to marry Louis XII
scotland
1513
declared war on england
Auld Alliance
Surrey and Catherine led and army north
Battle of Flodden
scots beaten badly
10,000 scots killed
James IV killed
left Margaret (Henry's other sister) as regent for James V
Sympathetic to English wishes
1514
scot agreed to a truce
Thomas Wolsey
background
born in ipswich during 1473
son of a butcher
theology degree from oxford
client of Richard Fox (Lord of the Prviy Seal)
entered the King's council during 1510
willingness to work elevated him
sorted out the finacial difficulties faced by henry for the war with france
lord chancellor 1515
made a cardinal by the pope in 1515
bishop of lincoln 1513
1515-1529
sometiems refered to as the alter rex (other king) to henry
administration
general
apparently worked 15 hours a day
prefered to see the king privately
council's still met however
tended to delgate duties to his servants as time progressed
Parliament
called when necessary
disolved asap
1515
defeneded clerical privilages from the house of commons
1523
called to raise money for war with france
over £130,000 awarded
thought to show his skill
actually asked for £800,000
resented MPs who critised his power
Finances
wars 1512-14 had emptied the coffers
henry held indulgent tastes
reformes in 1518-19 saved money
reduction in the number of gentlement of the privy council
royal departments
council of the north
navy
council of wales
15290's aim for war against france
1522
forced loan
raised £120,000
1523
parliamentary sunsidy
£136,000
1525
Amicable grant
non-parliamentary tax
significant oppsal
cancelled by the king
blamed wolsey
infact he approved it
avoided levying high or frequent taxation
justice
used the perogative courts extenisvely
chancery
used common sense to resolve cases
tackled the problem of illegal enclosures by personally investiagting nearly 200 cases during 1518
court of requests
kept records from 1517
regualr sittings
fixed location
star chamber
heard cases
robbery
roiting
retaining
disputes involving nobility
had no legal training
few disturbqances during his period in office
excluding the amicable rant
10,000 rebels in suffolk
made it possible for people to have their greivances heard locally
made sure the law was not abused by more powerful subjects
Church
background
tradiotnally power resided in the arch bishop of canterbury
Warham (1515-1532)
curtailed after Wolsey made papl legate 1518
given the power to intervene in the church anywhere in england
wanted to reform the church
plausible
widespread problems
nepotism
favouring family mebers in clerical positions
pluralism
holding more than one clerical office without license
absenteeism
simony
selling church offices
some clerics had mistresses and illegitimate children
some semmed more interesed in acting as nobles that serving the people
all agreed that the church was exceedingly wealthy
work
hard working servant of the church
only scratched the surface of reform
mindful of his own position?
1515
defended Bishop Fitzjames
accused of complicity in the murder of Richard Hunne
Defended Fitzjames' right to Benefit of the Clergy
1518
started the triennial visitiations
reported in the conditon of the clergy
1521
publicly burned Lutheran and Lollards books
arrested leading lutherans
Banes
Frith
Tyndale
etc.
had 27 small monasteries closed
endowed lands
cardinal college, oxford
ipswich school
foregin affairs
aims
persuded any policy that would bring him closer to the papcy
view of geoffrey elton
humanist ideals
use diplomacy rather than war
wanted peace in europe
wanted to raise england's prestige
1518
encouraged by the pope to arrange the congress of london
1521
stood as a candidate for the papacy
lost
1523
death of the pope
wolsey stood as candidate
lost again
1526
supports Franics and the league of Cognac against charles
foreign affairs 1515-1529
main dates
1516
treaty of Noyon
ended war between italy, france and spain
1518
congress of london
1519
henry stood as candidate for the holy roman emperor
lost to Charles I of spain
1520
feild of the cloth of gold
show of diplomatic friendship between henry and Francis I of france
just outside of calais
1521
treaty of Bruges
treaty between england and spain/holy roman empire agisnt france
1522
treaty of windsor
arranged a marriage between charles V and mary tudor (child)
elgish troops invade france
1523
english invade france and scotland
little sucess
1524
enlgish invade france
1525
charles defeats Francis in italy
treaty of windsor revoked by charles
1527
sack of Rome by the HRE
french alliance in england's best intrests
may
Charles caputures the Pope Clement VII
1528
truce with spain after merchants complain about loss of trade
1529
spain conquer france in italy
henry ignored by spain and france
divorce of Catherine of Aragon
1527 wolsey asked to broker a divorce
henry reasoned that his marriage was unlawful, hence why they weren't given a son
Book of leviticus
marrying one's brother's wife
wolsey pointed out that the book of deuteronomy did allow the marrying of your borther's widow
pope had been captured by charles V
catherine's nephew
no friend of wolsey or henry
pope did not allow a divorce court to meet ine england until 1529
met for 3 weeks
recalled to rome
divorce not granted