Mind Map Gallery Tutorial Visualisation of Knowledge

Tutorial Visualisation of Knowledge

This mind map is about the tutorial to visualization of knowledge.

Edited at 2020-10-08 03:38:03

Fiona_

Tutorial Visualisation of Knowledge

Fiona_

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Outline

Tutorial: Visualisation of Knowledge

Requirements for Presentations

Why?

problem: overusage of presentation aids

a presentation file that can be understood without the presenter can only fail in an active presentation

experiment: minimal visual aid to present ONE aspect

make a lasting impression!

what is expected?

good presentation

speaker appearance

voice

Sprecherziehung?

free & clear, in own words, loud enough, not too fast

posture

gesture & mimic

attitude

interested?

convincing?

interaction with audience

eye contact

queries

organisation

time limit 20 min: 15 pres + 5 interaction

sequence: intro - outline - content - summary

orientation in sequence for audience

content

not a description of project activities

focus on ONE particular aspect of your project

conditions

goals

media

choice of topic

temporal sequence

didactical comment

pro/con, difficulties

key questions

how does your project increas learners' ICC?

how does it support autonomous language learning?

coherent, comprehensible

interlinked with issues discussed before

high level of reflection

readiness to answer questions

principles

Variation

brilliant presentation

media usage

single visual anchor/representation/analogy

when someone from the audience sees the vis. anchor afterwards, they must be able to recall main info

focus on process/development of your vis. anchor

interact with media

hard with pc (typing, pointing..)

easy with ohp & whiteboard

structure of analogy fits the topic

show/hide ok

minimalistic

reflect on your choice & design

project plan must be finished one week before presentation is due

handout?

Tutorial

motivation: voluntary, but grade based on fulfilment of requirements

other sessions:

fixed time & place -- for everybody

individual tut: flexible in date & time

content:

pres - ideas

evaluating ideas

you need to know WHAT before thinking about WHEN

only after easter holidays (beginning of may?)

(( first pres 16.5. --- IMPORTANT ))

1st

organisational

Thu 14. 4.DS = 1 - 2:30 pm

@ MSZ

how many? LTLT=5, XYX=? + introduction course!

goal

theoretical background

why visualize?

because we speak & think visually

> visuallisation aids comprehension & reproduction rate

sensitize to potential of visualization

awareness of connection: learning <-> vis. representation

finding/matching examples

how to visualize?

ideas how to visualise

strategies of representation

icons

media-specific

technical aid

FEEDBACK

giving

receiving

methodology

explain th.background in 2 ways

visually& cognitively INeffective

visually effective

use this map to present

use film as a source of techniques

participants

maria

oliver

maud

franziska

plan

prep

technik?

aushang!

Unterpunkt 3

Intro

13:00

socialize!

Who are you?

where do you come from?

where in dresden do you live?

scale: semester

scale: how many semesters will you need?

scale: evaluate own pres-skills

yes/no: who got my email?

What did you do so far, any experience in visualisation?

your expectations?

deal with feedback too?

good presentations

tools & techniques

ideas

prezi.com

Intro vis

what's visualisation?

13:20

film analysis

--end

evaluation

2nd

organisational

next session?

new participants - expectations?

how are your presentations developing? -> plan who & when!

cognitive/psychological background

show that we speak visually???

viz-ideas

general

periodic table

media specific

OHP

prezi

think

prezi is not main goal!

learn to visualise without electronic aid

link to last session!

practice to find visual metaphors!

how to visualise a project

visual metaphor:

(abstract) source domain --> (concrete, visual) target domain

learning is travelling

learning English is a long way with ups and downs, but it's worth it!

learning is building a house (constructivism)

we cannot transfer knowledge -- all we can do is provide a scaffolding for the learners to build up knowledge themselves

realising a project is travelling through landscape

realising a project is building a house

more: periodic table

task: vis projects!

1. choose a project topic

1.1. your own presentation

1.2. or choose a project plan from FTE

1.3. or go to http://ellt2010-11.wikispaces.com/

2. get to the heart of it

2.1. what's your focus?

2.1.1. what's the most interesting part of your project idea?

2.2. how do you increase learner autonomy & ICC?

2.3. why do you consider your method effective?

3. make it visible

3.1. find visual metaphors for your main idea

3.1.1. think of your everyday life

3.1.2. think about products in the supermarket

4. present to partner & check effectiveness

4.1. could you use icons/logos?

4.2. too much text?

3rd

organisational

how are your presentations developing? -> plan who & when, individual sessions!

next session?

why dont people practice before?

not authentic

feel like experts already

effort

benefits not clear

warm-up: advertiser applies for teaching job

task

choose a topic

from text books, curriculum

own

history of migration in the USA

past perfect / simple past - what's the difference?

identify associated teaching goals

lehrplan?

evaluate existing visualisations

describe

structure

hierachical

collection

network

direction of reading

purpose?

effectiveness?

develop own ideas how to support the topic visually & reflect on effectiveness

think about concrete realisations: context? media? potentials/problems?

context: teacher/learner centered?

analysis of visual support

Example 1

Characters in Romeo & Juliet

understanding relationships & conflicts of the characters

paths of relation, clusters = families

doodle

best if students develop their own chart (constructivism)

use computer or other flexible realisation (understanding relationships is a process!)

4th

warm-up "Schmiegenraten"

task from last week, but media-specific!

What is visualisation?

make visible the invisible

turn nonvisual/abstract data/relations into visually perceivable/comprehensible format/representation

nonvisual information =

thoughts

abstract concepts

"justice"

"friendship"

"truth"

relations btw concepts

abstract reasoning

"humans are mammals, all mammals give birth, therefore all humans give birth"

signsystems

alphabet

e.g. Text = connection of concepts

numbers, other data

e.g. spreadsheet

actions, processes

emotions

but its hard to communicate

abstract concepts -- via metaphor

equality?

scales

cognitive effort (signsystem -> meaning)

intercultural communication

e.g. pioneer plaque

"The Pioneer F spacecraft, destined to be the first human made object to escape from the solar system into interstellar space, carries this pictorial plaque. It is designed to show scientifically educated inhabitants of some other star system, who might intercept it millions of years from now, when Pioneer was launched, from where, and by what kind of beings. The design is etched into a 6 inch by 9 inch gold-anodized aluminum plate, attached to the spacecraft's attenna support struts in a position to help shield it from erosion by interstellar dust. Origin: The radiating lines at left represents the positions of 14 pulsars, a cosmic source of radio energy, arranged to indicate our sun as the home star of our civilization. The "1-" symbols at the ends of the lines are binary numbers that represent the frequencies of these pulsars at the time of launch of Pioneer F relative of that to the hydrogen atom shown at the upper left (Language) with a "1" unity symbol. The hydrogen atom is thus used as a "universal clock," and the regular decrease in the frequencies of the pulsars will enable another civilization to determine the time that has elapsed since Pioneer F was launched. The hydrogen is also used as a "universal yardstick" for sizing the human figures and outline of the spacecraft shown on the right. The hydrogen wavelength, about 8 inches, multiplied by the binary number representing "8" shown next to the woman gives her height, 64 inches. The figures represent the type of creature that created Pioneer. The man's hand is raised in a gesture of good will. Across the bottom are the planets, ranging outward from the Sun, with the spacecraft trajectory arching away from Earth, passing Mars, and swinging by Jupiter." Source: http://grin.hq.nasa.gov/ABSTRACTS/GPN-2000-001623.html

Why visualise?

cognitive linguistics

Cognitive linguists point out the connection of language and visual representation via metaphor or metonymy. Apart from poetic image metaphors, cognitive linguists claim the existence of conceptual metaphors which are believed to structure most abstract concepts in our every-day lives.A prominent example is the LIFE IS A JOURNEY metaphor, e.g. “I'm at a crossroads in my life.”Furthermore, cognitive linguists point to image schemas that influence the way we think and speak at more basic level. Examples include the 'up-down', 'front-back' or 'linear order' image schemas. In particular, Lakoff (2006: 213) argues that abstract reasoning is based on spacial reasoning – if this istrue, understanding and supporting spacial reasoning is vital for teachers. students explore the connection of language, thought and visual representation & collect examples of conceptual metaphors in English. Recommended reading: Lakoff, G. (2006). The contemporary theory of metaphor. In Geeraerts, D (Ed.), Cognitive Linguistics: Basic Readings (185-237). Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.

because we understand all concepts visually:

evidence: speaking visually!

metaphor is a mode of thought

abstract reasoning is a special form of spacial reasoning (Chafe?)

metaphor:

(abstract) source domain --> (concrete) target domain

image metaphors / poetic ~

you're a candle in the wind

conceptual metaphors

Argument is War

set up positions, attack, defend, retreat,win/lose the argument

Life is a Journey

I'm at a crossroad in my life

He took the wrong way

she met interesting people along her path

Death is Departure

From the Monty Python Dead Parrot-sketch:"This parrot is no more. It has ceased to be. It’s expired and gone to meet itsmaker. This is a late parrot. It’s a stiff. Bereft of life, it rests in peace. If youhadn’t nailed it to the perch, it would be pushing up the daisies. It’s rung downthe curtain and joined the choir invisible. This is an ex-parrot." -> Outline the mappings that appear in the text with reference to the DEATH ISDEPARTURE metaphor. Are there any other conventional metaphorsapparent in this text?-> Discuss Lakoff’s claim that metaphors are grounded in experience and assuch not culture-specific with reference to examples from the text.

image schemes

up-down

Good is Up, Bad is Down

high quality, high moral values, high expectations, high lifehigh technology, higher education, higher forms of life

Power is Up, Powerlessness is Down

high society, high class, high status, high command, highpriest, high position in a company.

front-back

Future is front, Past is Back

looking forward to meeting you

he left Jane behind and turned to Christina

involved/detached

because a text is detached (can stand for itself in time & space)

the more text, the less you need the author/a presenter.

more involved = easier to remember

in a live presentation, you are fixed in time & space,

use this context!

use personal stories/narratives

psychology

Visualisation can not only be seen from the language point of view but also through the eyes of psychology, in particular cognitive psychology. We will find answers to questions like: How is information processed in the brain? Why does visualisation support learning and how can we support it? Moreover, we will investigate the power of analogy and practice to find analogies ourselves. Recommended reading: Mietzel, G. (2007). Pädagogische Psychologie des Lernens und Lehrens.Göttingen: Hogrefe.

visual thinking / representation of knowledge?

Arnheim1969

visuell-räumlicher notitzblock

analogy

power of analogy

Analogiebildung

Wissenstransfer: Anwendung von bekanntem Wissen auf Neues

Möglichkeit, aus bekanntem Wissen Hypothesen aufzustellen

~= Modelle = Vereinfachungen

!= Metapher

metaphor replaces source with target (hidden comparison), analogy openly compares the two

schwer zu finden -> vorgeben

über Oberbegriff verwandte Systeme finden

Zufall nutzen (Warenhaus, Wörterbuch blättern)

ACHTUNG kann zu falschen Schlüssen führen

Möglichkeiten und Grenzen der Analogie prüfen

emotionales Verständnis

Quellkonzepte sind emotional besetzt

-> besseres behalten

BSP Gewehrkugel = gefährlich

Einsatz

Lernen durch Visualisierung & Organisation

BSP Moleküle & Atome = Kuchen & Krümel & kleine Teile von Butter etc.

Verständnis/Problemlösen

komplizierte Bewegungsabläufe

fördert innovation

heutzutage ist so vieles erforscht, das neues eher dadurch entsteht, etwas bekanntes in einen neuen Zusammenhang zu stellen

finding analogies

tips for sources

human body & experience

easy technical concepts

find inspiration

shops,

magazines

practice

visualise the known to help assimilate the unknown

seek inner balance: accomodation & assimilation

visualisation as elaboration

loci-method

bedeutungsarmes material individualisieren

individualität & behaltensleistung: bilder > worte > zahlen

visualisation as reduction

grouping

visualisation enables parallel processing

see the great picture

synthesis

(audio only linear)

organisation of knowledge vital for recalling information

holistic learning: both left & right part of the brain

visualisation & behaviourism

conditioning visual stimulus: use specific symbols as triggers for student reactions

ONE visual anchor will trigger main points of your presentation in your audience !

visualisation & constructivism

multiple kodierung

besser speichern/abrufen wenn über versch. sinneskanäle

verbal

visual

motoric (sp?)

how is knowledge organised? (Lernen mit Bildmedien, Weidenmann p 26)

information theory

because seeing is more than perception -- it's active perception (decoding of signs), you interpret what you see on the basis of preexisting knowledge

"The eye sees only what the mind is prepared to comprehend.” Henri Bergson

utilise your audiences' preexisting knowledge to make your point!

language & visual communication = sign systems

sender (encode) channel/medium (decode) receiver

How can we visualise?

main

++effectiveness++

condense to its basic structure

common!

prototypical!

stereotypes!

be consistent

make it individual!

organic

colours

context

but not uncommon!

involve emotion

funny/weird

involve many senses

be active, interact!

point at

focus on

temporarily underline

uncover

hide

goal

support comprehension & memorization during presentation

media types

blackboard / flipchart

ohp

What is visualised?

PROCESS

scripts

real pictures (fotos)

CONCEPT/STRUCTURE

schemas

real pictures (fotos)

DATA

function

visualisation as a substitute for reality

make visible the invisible

learn about the invisible

1. Lerngegenstand

2. Bildermacher: entwickelt Vorstellung von Lerngegenstand

3. Bildermacher visualisiert

4. Mediales Angebot

5. Lerner: Interpretation des medialen Angebots

6. Lerner entwickelt Vorstellung von Lerngegenstand

express personal experience/emotion

for evaluation of learning success

How? types of visualisation

icons/signs

smalles graphical meaning-bearing unit

metaphorical

e.g. computer interfaces!

structural

illustration

prototypical (real) image

organisational principles

linear order

timeline |----------->

sequence of events, actions

contunuum <---> (one dimension)

networks

= natural representation of knowledge

e.g.

metro plan

mindmapping tools

spatial relation

closeness & distance

ZUI & prezi.com

coordinates (two dimensions)

up& down (gravitational field)

building a house

heaven & hell

iceberg model

funnel

mimicking geographical map & walking trail

part-whole

parts of a car resemble keywords

picture with details representing keywords

common visual metaphors

scales

ladder

funnel

wheel/spiral

example: "changing the paradigm"

task

Watch the video again and find as many visualisation techniques as possible! What is visualised & how? What makes the visualisation effective? Criticism?

compare with your neighbor and try to categorize visualisation techniques

share your findings in class, we develop common categorisation

anything from other 2 films?

film2: learning concept map (keywords)

film3: hässliche folien, ich erkläre ihnen was zu sehen ist

watch again & identify everything