MindMap Gallery Domain Name System (DNS)

Domain Name System (DNS)

A mind map about Domain Name System. The Domain Name System (DNS) is the Internet's system for mapping alphabetic names to numeric Internet Protocol (IP) addresses like a phone book maps a person's name to a phone number. For example, when a Web address (URL) is typed into a browser, a DNS query is made to learn an IP address of a Web server associated with that name. EdrawMind allows you to easily create your own diagrams.

Edited at 2021-10-24 13:41:10

Ahmed Bebars

Domain Name System (DNS)

Ahmed Bebars

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DNS (Domain Name System)

Defination: The Internet's system for converting alphabetic names into numeric IP addresses

DNS Mode

Root Servers: this Main Server start with dot (.) and there are only 13 server around all over the world

TLD (Top Level Domain): is the highest level of domain names in the root zone of the DNS of the Internet, sample of these servers com,eg,gov,edu,org,net

Authoritative Server: it's DNS server holds a copy of the regional phone book that matches IP addresses with domain names.and responsible for providing answer about name in Zones. these zones add by server admin, like hosting web sites which has own Authoritative server

Recursive DNS server: The recursive resolver acts as a middleman between a client and a DNS nameserver. After receiving a DNS query from a web client, a recursive resolver will either respond with cached data. it reduce request needed from upper DNS server layer. like ISP DNS

Cache DNS server: work by performing all the DNS queries that your system makes and then saving

Name Resolve scenario

DNS Process

Zone Type

forward Zone

reverse Zone

BIND (Berkeley Internet Name Domain) service on linux called named

parameter related to Zone file

RR (resource record): each record write in this file called RR

TTL (Time To live) value for the zone, that is, how long is a zone record valid, which mean when you increase TTL it will allow recursive server save this record long time and reduce request

A (address record): specifies an IP address to be assigned to a name

CNAME (Canonical Name record):it maps one name to another. Because of this, this type of record is sometimes referred to as an alias record

MX (Mail Exchange):record specifies where the mail sent to a particular namespace controlled by this zone should go. The email-server-name is a fully qualified domain name (FQDN)

NS(Nameserver): record announces authoritative nameservers for a particular zone

PTR (Pointer): it points to another part of the namespace. write last digit in IP then FQDN. use in reverse zone

SOA (Start of Authority):it record announces important authoritative information about a namespace to the nameserver. Located after the directives, it is the first resource record in a zone file

Authoritative DNS

Primary

Secondary

any change in primary file zone you must change file serial to allow DNS Update mechanism start transfer data from primary to standby. or you can use automatic method for update by use djbdns, DNS update mechanism use DNS Zone transfer use query type AXFR

ICANN (Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers)

it is an internationally organized, non-profit corporation that has responsibility for Internet Protocol (IP) address space allocation, protocol identifier assignment, generic (gTLD) and country code (ccTLD) Top-Level Domain name system management, and root server system management functions

dig command

this command use for DNS debug Tshoot on linux

example

Ahmed Bebars