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Technical application of BIM in the design stage
The application points of BIM technology in the design stage should be determined separately according to the conceptual scheme design, scheme design, preliminary design and construction drawing design, drawing review and other stages.
Edited at 2024-03-12 20:15:49
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Technical application of BIM in the design stage
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Technical application of BIM in the design stage
Technical application of BIM in the design stage
The application points of BIM technology in the design stage should be determined separately according to the conceptual scheme design, scheme design, preliminary design and construction drawing design, drawing review and other stages.
The main purposes and contents of BIM technology applied to conceptual scheme design, scheme design, preliminary design and construction drawing design, and drawing review stages are as follows:
1. Conceptual scheme design is the initial stage of a construction project. The main purpose is to analyze the necessity of project construction based on the needs of the construction unit, propose a reasonable construction scale and determine the design conditions.
What does the concept plan include?
1. Project analysis/customer analysis
2. Design positioning
3. Element extraction
4. Atmosphere intention (color, material, style)
5. Floor plan
6. Space plan (rendering)
2. The main purpose of the program design stage is to provide basis and guiding documents for subsequent stages of work. The main content includes: based on the construction conditions, the basic relationship between the construction design goals and the design environment, proposing preliminary solutions to space construction ideas, creative expression forms and structural methods, etc.
3. The main purpose of the preliminary design stage is to demonstrate the technical feasibility and economic rationality of the construction project through in-depth design. The main contents include: formulating design principles, design standards, design plans, major technical issues and basic forms, detailed consideration and study of design plans for each major, coordinating technical contradictions in the design of each major, and reasonably determining technical and economic indicators.
4. The main purpose of the construction drawing design stage is to provide a complete model and drawing basis for construction installation, project budget, equipment and component placement, and production. The main contents include: preparing design documents for construction based on the approved design plan.
5. The main purpose of the drawing review stage is to enable the construction unit and relevant personnel of the construction unit to further understand the design intention and design points. Drawing review is an important means to solve drawing design problems. It is important for reducing project changes, reducing project costs, accelerating project progress, and improving Engineering quality all plays an important role. The main content is to review whether construction drawing design documents comply with relevant regulations.
The 15 technical applications of BIM in the design phase include the following:
1. Project site comparison and selection
1) The main contents of project site comparison and selection should include:
Priority is given to using basic digital city information to establish site BIM models. Use software to analyze various factors for project site selection, such as transportation convenience, public facility service radius, etc.
Based on the analysis results, evaluate the scientificity and rationality of the project location and determine whether it is necessary to adjust the project location.
2) The main results of project site comparison and selection should include:
A site BIM model containing information such as site area location, compass, wind rose, longitude and latitude.
Various analysis results based on the site BIM model include total land area, development intensity, floor area ratio control, etc.
2. Concept model creation
The purpose of conceptual model construction is to establish a three-dimensional conceptual model of the project, based on the model analysis to determine the suitability of the project and the surrounding urban space and group buildings, as well as the size, height and shape relationship of the building, and use software to conduct preliminary analysis. Sunlight and ventilation simulation analysis form the final results.
1) The main contents of conceptual model construction include:
Analyze various planning indicators of the land and determine various physical parameters and main modeling material parameters for constructing a three-dimensional conceptual model.
Create a three-dimensional conceptual model.
Analysis of the external spatial environment based on the conceptual model.
2) The main results of conceptual model construction should include:
3D volumetric model. The model includes various spatial dimension information of the building, external skin material information, etc.
Related analysis charts and reports, etc.
3. Analysis of construction conditions
Construction condition analysis is applied in the planning and planning stages. It is required to use three-dimensional models to form corresponding charts and construction condition indicators as the basis for further design of the project.
1) The main contents of the construction condition analysis application points should include:
Improve the model and form corresponding construction conditions from the model.
Incorporate the corresponding content of the conceptual model into the planning document or planning report.
2) The main results of construction condition analysis application points should include:
Project planning document and planning report. The corresponding data of the planning or planning documents should be consistent with the model information. The planning document should meet the depth requirements of the construction unit's early project declaration, and the planning report should meet the approval requirements of the entrusting unit.
Three-dimensional model of the project. The model should reflect the basic external characteristics of the building and its spatial size, orientation, and location, and guide subsequent design.
4. Project site analysis
The main purpose of site analysis is to use various analysis software to analyze the main influencing factors of the construction site after establishing a three-dimensional site model, and provide visual simulation analysis data as a basis for evaluating design options.
1) The main contents of site analysis application points should include:
Collect accurate survey data.
Establish a site model and simulate and analyze site data, such as slope, direction, elevation, longitudinal and cross sections, fill and excavation, contours, etc.
Based on the analysis results, evaluate the feasibility of the site design plan or engineering design plan.
2) The main results of the site analysis application point should include: site model and site analysis report.
5. Building performance simulation analysis
The main purpose of building performance simulation analysis is to establish a building information model and use professional performance analysis software to simulate and analyze the building's visibility, lighting, ventilation, personnel evacuation, structure, energy consumption and emissions, etc., in order to improve the efficiency of the construction project. Performance, quality, safety and rationality.
1) The main contents of the application points of building performance simulation analysis should include:
Collect accurate data.
Build models required for various types of analysis.
Obtain individual analysis data respectively, adjust the model based on the results, and seek a balance point for the overall performance of the building.
Based on the analysis results, the design plan is adjusted and the plan that maximizes the performance of the building is selected.
2) The main results of building performance simulation analysis application points should include:
The depth of the special analysis model should meet the data requirements of the analysis project.
Simulation analysis report, the report should reflect the building information model image and analysis data results.
6. Design scheme comparison and selection
The main purpose of design plan comparison and selection is to select the best design plan and provide the corresponding design plan model for the preliminary design stage. By using BIM software to construct or partially adjust, multiple alternative design plan models (including architecture, structure, electromechanical) are formed and compared, so that communication, discussion and decision-making of project plans can be carried out in a visualized three-dimensional simulation scene, realizing Intuitive and efficient project design decision-making.
The main contents of design plan comparison and selection should include:
Collect accurate data.
Build a BIM model that contains complete design information for your proposal. Ensure that the 2D design drawings are consistent with the model.
Compare the feasibility, functionality, aesthetics, economy and other indicators of each alternative model to form the optimal design plan and model.
The main results of design scheme comparison and selection should include: scheme comparison and selection description and design scheme model.
7. Construction of professional models
The construction of each professional model should be further deepened on the basis of the preliminary design model to meet the model depth requirements in the construction drawing design stage; so that the collaborative work of communication, discussion, decision-making, etc. of each project professional can be carried out in a visual situation based on the three-dimensional model. Provides a basic model for collision detection, three-dimensional pipeline synthesis and subsequent detailed design. Among them, the electromechanical professional model has corresponding local applications in the preliminary design stage, but is mainly completed in the construction drawing design stage.
1) The work content and results of the preliminary design stage should include:
The application unit develops a configuration plan based on the project application plan, including unified text style, font size, annotation style, line type, etc.
The main contents of model construction should include:
— Collect accurate data.
— Establish the corresponding BIM model based on the design plan model or two-dimensional design drawings.
— Check and ensure the unity of view expressions of planes, elevations, and sections in the professional architectural model and the completeness and correctness of the professional design; check and ensure the uniformity of the dimensions and annotations of the main components in the professional structural model.
—Add associative annotations on plan, elevation, and section views to keep the model depth consistent with the 2D design depth.
The model results should include: architectural, structural, and electromechanical professional models. The model depth and components should meet the requirements for the architectural, structural, and electromechanical professional model content and basic information requirements of Hainan Province during the design stage.
2) The work content and results of the construction drawing design stage should include:
The construction of each professional model should be based on the preliminary design model or two-dimensional design drawings, so that it can meet the model depth in the construction drawing design stage, and facilitate the collaborative work of each profession in the state of the three-dimensional model; for subsequent model drawings, deepening design, Pipeline synthesis, clearance analysis, etc. provide the basis for model work.
The main work content should include:
— Collect accurate data.
— Deepen each professional model in the preliminary design stage into a model in the construction drawing design stage, and name the model files uniformly.
—Submit BIM models on schedule according to the project design progress, and adjust and improve professional models based on design coordination opinions.
— Model archive.
The main work results should include:
— The model depth and components of each professional model should meet the architectural and structural professional model content and basic information requirements of Hainan Province in the design stage.
— Three-dimensional view of key and complex parts.
8. Structural seismic analysis
The main purpose of structural seismic analysis is to simulate the structural system, seismic performance, component form, etc. of buildings or structures by using the transfer and transformation capabilities between building information models and structural analysis models based on building information models and structural seismic analysis software. Analysis to achieve the purpose of earthquake resistance. Through anti-seismic fortification, we can reduce the earthquake damage of buildings or structures and reduce casualties and economic losses.
1) The main contents of application points of structural seismic analysis should include:
Create and edit building information models for structural seismic analysis.
Establish two-way transmission channels and transformation capabilities between building information models and structural analysis models.
In the professional structural seismic analysis software, the structural analysis model is used for structural simulation analysis and component cross-section design under various working conditions.
2) The main results of structural seismic analysis application points should include:
Analysis results based on the structural analysis model, such as total design information, displacement, period, mode shape, seismic force results, reinforcement, edge components, axial compression ratio diagrams, beam plate deflection, crack diagrams, etc.
A building information model that satisfies the seismic analysis results of the building structure and complies with relevant code requirements.
9. Integration check of all professional models
The main purpose of the integrated inspection of all-professional models is to generate two-dimensional graphics such as planes, elevations, and sections by cutting the models, and to check whether the components of the building and structure are consistent in the plane, elevation, and section positions, so as to eliminate errors that appear in the design. Errors in the inconsistency of architecture and structure.
1) The main work content of this application point should include:
Collect accurate data.
Integrate architectural and structural professional models.
Based on the plane, elevation, and section graphics obtained by cutting the model, check and ensure the unity of the relationship between the building and the structure.
Name the model files uniformly and save the integrated model files.
2) The main work results of this application point should include:
Examine modified architectural, structural, mechanical and electrical professional models. The model depth and components should meet the architectural, structural, mechanical and electrical professional model content and basic information requirements of Hainan Province in the design stage.
inspection report.
10. Area detail table statistics
The main purpose of area detail table statistics is to use the building model to extract information such as room area, door and window tables, door components, window components, wall components, custom attributes, etc., and accurately count various commonly used area indicators and component quantities to assist in technical development. Indicator calculation; and can play an associated modification role in the process of modifying the building model to achieve accurate and fast statistics.
1) The main work content of area schedule statistics should include:
Collect accurate data.
Check the accuracy of the building area and room area information in the architectural professional model.
Set the area schedule template according to project requirements, create and name the area schedule according to the template.
According to the design needs, the corresponding area indicators are counted separately to verify whether the technical and economic indicator requirements are met.
2) The main work results of area detailed table statistics should include: professional architectural models and area detailed tables that can reflect room area and other information.
11. Pipeline synthesis
The main purpose of pipeline synthesis is to apply BIM technology to check various professional models in the construction drawing design stage to avoid spatial conflicts and collisions, and to prevent design errors from being passed to the construction stage or causing rework of the installation project.
1) The main work content of pipeline synthesis should include:
Collect accurate data.
Integrate professional models such as architecture, structure, water supply and drainage, HVAC, and electrical to form an integrated BIM model.
Set the basic principles of collision inspection and pipeline synthesis, and use BIM software and other means to check, discover and adjust conflicts and collisions in the building information model.
2) The main work results of pipeline synthesis should include: adjusted professional models and related documents.
12. Clearance analysis
The main purpose of the headroom analysis is to optimize the building structure layout and electromechanical pipeline arrangement plan based on various professional models, detect and analyze the final vertical design space of the building, and provide the optimal headroom height.
1) The main work content should include:
Collect accurate data.
Determine overall headroom requirements, especially in critical areas.
In order to meet the goal of meeting the clearance requirements, construction feasibility and economy, BIM software and other means are used to adjust the pipeline layout models of each profession to reasonably increase the clearance height.
Submit the adjusted building information model and clearance analysis documents for confirmation.
2) The main work results should include: professional models and clearance analysis reports that meet the clearance requirements.
13. Design model review
The main purpose of the design model review is to improve the consistency between the building information model and the construction drawings, enhance the understanding of the project before deepening the design, resolve inconsistencies between the on-site construction environment and the design in advance, and coordinate collision issues and design issues in depth before deepening the design. Constructability.
1) The contents of the design model review should include:
Check the consistency of drawings and models.
Check whether the model naming and model depth comply with relevant regulations.
It is advisable to use computer-assisted automatic review for model review, and content that fails automatic computer review can be reviewed manually. For those cases where it is not possible or appropriate to use computers for automated review, manual review may be performed.
2) The main work results of the model review in the design stage should include: review results and rectification suggestions.
14. Standard review
The main purpose of the specification review is to improve the project approval rate and reduce the problem of repeated model modifications after submission for review. The work mode of design-and-review is used to solve the problem of design non-compliance in advance and to coordinate the design non-compliance issues in depth before submission for review. and the implementability of assisted design.
1) The content of the specification review should include:
Check whether the attribute information of model components is complete.
Check whether the model component design complies with the relevant provisions of the article specifications.
It is advisable to use computers for automated review of inspection specifications, and content that fails automatic computer review must be revised manually before review.
2) The main work results of the standard review should include: review results, review reports, quality inspection reports and export data formats.
15. Delivery of design results
BIM model files should comply with the relevant regulations on modeling in the design stage and the requirements for model precision. The results can only be delivered after the deliverer has inspected or reviewed them in accordance with quality management regulations.
1) The deliverable content of the design phase should include:
BIM professional design models: BIM preliminary design models for each major should be provided.
BIM comprehensive coordination model: A comprehensive coordination model should be provided, focusing on comprehensive coordination between disciplines and completing optimization analysis work.
BIM Browse Model: Similar to the schematic design stage, a BIM Browse model created from the BIM design model with necessary engineering data information should be provided.
Analysis models and reports: Energy analysis models, lighting analysis models, people evacuation models, seismic analysis models and generated analysis reports should be provided, and other analysis reports and models should be provided as needed and as required by the owner.
Visual model and generated files: A visual display model representing the real size based on the BIM design model should be submitted, as well as the created indoor renderings, scene tours, interactive real-time tour virtual reality system, corresponding display video files and other visual results.
Two-dimensional views generated by the BIM model: At this stage, the general plan, professional plans, etc. should be directly generated through the BIM model. More complex sections, elevations, and large-scale drawings can be supplemented by two-dimensional drawings.
2) The results delivered and accepted by each major in the design stage should include: