Orally administered; weakly alkaline

1. Neutralize gastric acid; 2. Reduce pepsin activity; 3. Form a gel-like protective film

Application: peptic ulcer, reflux esophagitis

Not the drug of choice for treating peptic ulcers

H2 receptor blocker – cimetidine

Proton pump inhibitor—omeprazole

M choline receptor blockers - Piren/Tirenzepine

Gastrin receptor blocker-proglumide

Amoxicillin, clarithromycin, metronidazole, tetracycline

Combination medication is effective

Cell barrier: resists the erosion of gastric acid and pepsin

Mucus: HCO3-salt barrier

Pharmacological effects

Peptic ulcer, reflux esophagitis, chronic erosive gastritis, Helicobacter pylori infection

Adverse reactions: constipation

① Formation of bismuth oxide colloid protective film ②Inhibit pepsin activity, promote mucosal synthesis of prostaglandins, and increase mucus and HCO3 secretion ③Inhibit Helicobacter pylori

Increase gastric mucus synthesis and secretion, and prevent H in gastric juice from infiltrating back into mucosal cells.

①Inhibit gastric acid secretion by gastric parietal cells ②Increase the secretion of mucus and HCO3- ③Inhibit pepsin secretion ④ Increase gastric mucosal blood flow and promote gastric mucosal epithelial cell proliferation and reconstruction

Treatment for gastroduodenal ulcer For consumptive ulcers and gastric bleeding caused by long-term use of NSAIDs

Increase PGE2 synthesis in gastric mucosa and enhance mucosal barrier Anti-inflammatory, inhibit pepsin activity

①Block central D receptors and have central antiemetic effect; ② Yang breaks the gastrointestinal orifice receptors and accelerates gastric emptying

Treatment of gastrointestinal motility disorders caused by chronic functional dyspepsia Side effects: high-dose extrapyramidal reactions, gynecomastia

Gastrointestinal motility disorders: chronic postprandial indigestion, gastric retention Nausea and vomiting caused by radiotherapy, chemotherapy, migraine, surgery, etc. Nausea and vomiting caused by anti-Parkinson’s drugs levodopa, bromocriptine, etc.

Less intestinal absorption, increased intestinal volume (accumulation of large amounts of water)