Use value

value

Commodity is the unity of use value and value

Concrete labor (natural attribute of labor))

Abstract labor (social attributes of labor)

Commodity exchange is the threshold for resolving all conflicts

Commodity economy is mainly based on social division of labor

In order for private labor to become social labor, it must go through market exchange.

The contradiction between private labor and social labor is the basic contradiction of the commodity economy

It does not come from the use value of the commodity, nor from the abstract labor that forms the value of the commodity. It comes from the separation of private labor and social labor that were originally combined.

Commodity fetishism will eventually be eliminated

Socially necessary labor time determines the social value of the commodity, that is, the value of the commodity (determines the selling price)

The individual labor time of a single commodity producer determines the individual value of the commodity (determines the cost)

Simple labor refers to labor that can be performed competently without special training and learning.

Complex labor refers to labor that requires specialized training and learning and certain technical expertise to be competent.

A small amount of complex labor equals a large amount of simple labor

Labor productivity refers to the labor efficiency of workers in producing a certain commodity (that is, the amount of production per unit time of workers)

Labor productivity is directly proportional to the use value of commodities and inversely proportional to the value of unit commodities.

The share of mental work increases

The increasing importance of labor in immaterial areas of production

Broadening the scope of labor involved in value creation

The role of scientific and technological labor and management labor in value creation has become increasingly prominent

Part of service labor and spiritual labor participate in the value creation process

production cost theory

factor value theory

Automated production creates value theory

knowledge value theory