Hormones - Thyroid releases 3 hormones: Thyroxine, triiodothyronine, calcitonin

Goiter - lack of iodine, the feedback loop fails and the thyroid is constantly stimulated by TSH

Hyporthyroidism - releases low levels of thyroxine, causes slow metabolism

Hyperthyroidism - releases high levels of thyroxine, causes fast metabolism

Calcitonin - affects the bones, deposits calcium in them

Parathyroid Gland - releases PTH (parathyroid hormone), raises calcium

Osteoporosis - cause by by overproduction of PTH (lack of Ca), bones become weak and brittle

Type 1 Diabetes - Beta cells cannot produce insulin, may begin in infancy, daily insulin shots

Type 2 Diabetes - Reduces insulin production, deelops in adulthood, associated with obesity, treated with a controlled diet/exercise or oral drugs

Gestational Diabetes - Temporary, develops during pregnancy, can increase the risk of diabetes later on in the mother and/or child

2 Adrenal glands located above the kidneys

Separated into the cortex and medulla

Releases cortisol, breaks down proteins and fats

Mobilizes extra energy to deal with long term stress

Releases adrenaline - increases heart rate, breathing rate, and senses are heightened. Flight or fight, short term stress

MSH Hormone - Melanocyte stimulating hormone, promotes darkening of skin

Oxytocin - Promotes uterine contractions, released during childbirth

GH (Growth Hormone) - Stimulates growth of bones and soft tissues

Endorphins - inhibits the perception of pain