History of Plant Taxonomy

The history of plant taxonomy, also known as botanical classification or systematics, is a fascinating journey that spans centuries and reflects the evolving understanding of the diversity of plant life on Earth. Here's an overview of the key milestones in the history of plant taxonomy.

Edited at 2022-09-11 03:53:26

Renad Aljohani

Recent works View more works>>

History of Plant Taxonomy
The history of plant taxonomy, also known as botanical classification or systematics, is a fascinating journey that spans centuries and reflects the evolving understanding of the diversity of plant life on Earth. Here's an overview of the key milestones in the history of plant taxonomy.

History of Plant Taxonomy

Renad Aljohani

Recent works View more works>>

History of Plant Taxonomy
The history of plant taxonomy, also known as botanical classification or systematics, is a fascinating journey that spans centuries and reflects the evolving understanding of the diversity of plant life on Earth. Here's an overview of the key milestones in the history of plant taxonomy.

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History of Plant Taxonomy

Artificial System:ordering of organisms into groups on the basis of nonevolutionary feature.

• Theophrastus: -father of botany -classified plants into 4 groups on the basis of their habits:- herb -> subshrub -> shrub ->tree -> and separated according to flowering and non-flowering

Albertus Magnus: -produced a classification system that recognized - for the first time - monocots and dicots

Carl Linnaeus: -father of taxonomy -created a sexual system of classification that divided plants into 24 classes based on the number, union, and length of stamens (androecium -named many plants by binomial nomenclature -• He first divided all organisms into two Kingdoms, Plantae (Plants) and Animalia (animals).

Natural system:A biological classification based upon morphological and anatomical relationships and affinities considered in the light of phylogeny and embryology.

Bentham and D.Hooker: recognized 97,205 species belonging to 7,569 genera of families of flowering plants

John Ray: • Set out to describe all organisms •Herbs, Arbores (trees). •Monocots, Dicots. • 180 species (500 new)

August Wilhelm Eichler: 1st concept that divided plants into non-seed (Cryptogamae) and seed plants (Phanerogamae) -first taxonomist to separate Phanerogamae in Angiosperms and Gymnosperms and the former in Monocotyledonae and Dicotyledonae

Phylogenetic system:This system is based on evolutionary and genetic relationships among different groups of plants

Adolf Engler and Karl Prantl; -Families and orders arranged based on the complexity of floral morphology,unisexual, cone-like flowers considered to be primitive -The Plant Kingdom is divided into 14 major divisions.

Charles Edwin Bessey: -published The Phylogenetic Taxonomy of Flowering Plants. -•He developed a set of "dicta" (rules) stating which characters are primitive and which are advanced in flowering plants -system was based on a series of "dicta" that be used in determining the degree of primitiveness or evolutionary advancement of a plant group.