MindMap Gallery Cell structure and function
Cells are the basic units of living organisms with complex and diverse structures and functions. The following is a detailed overview of cell structure and function, covering all core content and making it very convenient for everyone to learn.
Edited at 2024-10-25 19:57:23Rumi: 10 dimensions of spiritual awakening. When you stop looking for yourself, you will find the entire universe because what you are looking for is also looking for you. Anything you do persevere every day can open a door to the depths of your spirit. In silence, I slipped into the secret realm, and I enjoyed everything to observe the magic around me, and didn't make any noise. Why do you like to crawl when you are born with wings? The soul has its own ears and can hear things that the mind cannot understand. Seek inward for the answer to everything, everything in the universe is in you. Lovers do not end up meeting somewhere, and there is no parting in this world. A wound is where light enters your heart.
Chronic heart failure is not just a problem of the speed of heart rate! It is caused by the decrease in myocardial contraction and diastolic function, which leads to insufficient cardiac output, which in turn causes congestion in the pulmonary circulation and congestion in the systemic circulation. From causes, inducement to compensation mechanisms, the pathophysiological processes of heart failure are complex and diverse. By controlling edema, reducing the heart's front and afterload, improving cardiac comfort function, and preventing and treating basic causes, we can effectively respond to this challenge. Only by understanding the mechanisms and clinical manifestations of heart failure and mastering prevention and treatment strategies can we better protect heart health.
Ischemia-reperfusion injury is a phenomenon that cellular function and metabolic disorders and structural damage will worsen after organs or tissues restore blood supply. Its main mechanisms include increased free radical generation, calcium overload, and the role of microvascular and leukocytes. The heart and brain are common damaged organs, manifested as changes in myocardial metabolism and ultrastructural changes, decreased cardiac function, etc. Prevention and control measures include removing free radicals, reducing calcium overload, improving metabolism and controlling reperfusion conditions, such as low sodium, low temperature, low pressure, etc. Understanding these mechanisms can help develop effective treatment options and alleviate ischemic injury.
Rumi: 10 dimensions of spiritual awakening. When you stop looking for yourself, you will find the entire universe because what you are looking for is also looking for you. Anything you do persevere every day can open a door to the depths of your spirit. In silence, I slipped into the secret realm, and I enjoyed everything to observe the magic around me, and didn't make any noise. Why do you like to crawl when you are born with wings? The soul has its own ears and can hear things that the mind cannot understand. Seek inward for the answer to everything, everything in the universe is in you. Lovers do not end up meeting somewhere, and there is no parting in this world. A wound is where light enters your heart.
Chronic heart failure is not just a problem of the speed of heart rate! It is caused by the decrease in myocardial contraction and diastolic function, which leads to insufficient cardiac output, which in turn causes congestion in the pulmonary circulation and congestion in the systemic circulation. From causes, inducement to compensation mechanisms, the pathophysiological processes of heart failure are complex and diverse. By controlling edema, reducing the heart's front and afterload, improving cardiac comfort function, and preventing and treating basic causes, we can effectively respond to this challenge. Only by understanding the mechanisms and clinical manifestations of heart failure and mastering prevention and treatment strategies can we better protect heart health.
Ischemia-reperfusion injury is a phenomenon that cellular function and metabolic disorders and structural damage will worsen after organs or tissues restore blood supply. Its main mechanisms include increased free radical generation, calcium overload, and the role of microvascular and leukocytes. The heart and brain are common damaged organs, manifested as changes in myocardial metabolism and ultrastructural changes, decreased cardiac function, etc. Prevention and control measures include removing free radicals, reducing calcium overload, improving metabolism and controlling reperfusion conditions, such as low sodium, low temperature, low pressure, etc. Understanding these mechanisms can help develop effective treatment options and alleviate ischemic injury.
Cell structure and function
Cell structure and proliferation
basic structure of cells
cell membrane
basic structure
lipid bilayer
Phospholipid 70%
Cholesterol 30%
protein
Function: Most functions of the cell membrane are determined by the functions of membrane proteins
eg: substance transport function (transporter), receptor function, connection function
Carbohydrates: The arrangement of the monosaccharides in the sugar chains on the membrane is different, which gives different marks to different cells or gives cells different signs (blood types)
Function
Barrier function - separates cellular contents from the external environment
Selective exchange function - exchange of material and energy between cells and the outside world
cytoplasm
Cell matrix (cytoplasm)
RNA
protein
Inorganic salt
water
soluble enzyme
inclusions
Cell organelles with different shapes and functions
Ribosomes
Mitochondria
endoplasmic reticulum
golgi complex
lysosome
peroxisome
centrosome
Cytoskeleton - microfilaments, microtubules
cell nucleus
nuclear membrane
nucleolus
chromatin and chromatin
cell proliferation
cell proliferation cycle
interphase
Division phase - M phase
Cell proliferation and medicine
basic functions of cells
Transdense substance transport function of cells
simple diffusion
Definition: The process by which fat-soluble small molecule substances move from the high-concentration side to the low-concentration side
Applicable substances: fat-soluble small molecule substances (oxygen, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, urea, ethanol, water)
Features
Physical phenomena (molecular thermal motion diffusion)
Along the concentration gradient, no energy consumption (ATP)
No need for membrane protein help
Influencing factors: diffusion flux
Concentration difference (electricity, chemistry) - power
Permeability - the ease with which substances pass through a cell membrane
subtopic